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Changes in Vitamin B12 Biomarkers and Plasma Volume in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Females
Changes in Vitamin B12 Biomarkers and Plasma Volume in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Females
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104730
- ISBN
- 9798290650296
- DDC
- 610
- 저자명
- Martin, Leigh.
- 서명/저자
- Changes in Vitamin B12 Biomarkers and Plasma Volume in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Females
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 135 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Gernand, Alison D.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Vitamin B12 (B12) is an essential micronutrient crucial for processes like one-carbon metabolism and red blood cell formation, and its deficiency during pregnancy can lead to maternal and fetal complications, such as neural tube defects and anemia. Holotranscobalamin (holoTC) and total B12 are the most commonly measured biomarkers for B12 status across life stages, including pregnancy, and across the menstrual cycle in nonpregnant individuals. Plasma is essential for transporting nutrients in nonpregnant and pregnant individuals, and plasma volume (PV) increases by 45-60% during pregnancy to provide for the growing fetus. Despite previous, yet separate, studies in PV in pregnancy and the menstrual cycle, little is known about the relationship between PV and B12 biomarkers in these timespans. The overall goal of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between PV and vitamin B12 biomarkers in pregnant and nonpregnant populations.The first objective was to examine the change in concentration of holoTC across human pregnancy. We conducted a systematic review of 12 published longitudinal pregnancy studies, using a narrative synthesis approach to collate available holoTC and total B12 concentrations across pregnancy. We found that from the first to the second trimester, holoTC concentrations decreased (5-28%) in 7 studies, increased (2%) in 1 study, and remained unchanged in 1 study. From the second to the third trimester, holoTC concentrations decreased (6-16%) in 3 studies, increased (1-31%) in 4 studies, and did not change in 1 study. Overall, from the first to third trimesters, holoTC concentrations decreased (4-22%) in 4 studies and increased by 7% in 1 study.The second objective was to investigate the relationship between PV and biomarkers related to vitamin B12 status (holoTC and total B12), anemia (hemoglobin and hematocrit), hydration, and blood pressure in pregnant individuals in Tanzania. We conducted secondary data analysis from a single-blinded, stratified, multiple ascending dose trial of vitamin B12 supplementation conducted in 40 pregnant individuals. Participants completed a 4-week inpatient clinical phase, during which we measured all biomarkers on days 1 and 22. We estimated PV on days 1 and 22 using an estimation equation method. We found that PV increased by less than 100 mL across the study period, and it had a significant positive correlation with holoTC mass at day 1. Correlations between PV, holoTC, and total B12 concentrations were positive but small at both timepoints. We found meaningful positive correlations between PV and Hgb and Hct, but not with urine specific gravity or blood pressure.Our third objective was to investigate the relationship between PV and holoTC across the menstrual cycle in healthy individuals of reproductive age in the United States. We conducted a longitudinal study, in which we timed 3 study visits to align with the early follicular (visit 1), late follicular (visit 2), and mid-luteal (visit 3) phases. PV was previously estimated using ICG at each study visit, and we measured holoTC concentration and calculated mass in previously collected baseline serum samples using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). HoloTC concentration decreased by 3.1%, and mass decreased by 5.2% (all p0.05) between the early follicular and late follicular phase. There was an approximate 3% increase in both concentration and mass between the late follicular and midluteal phase (all p 0.05). Between visit 1 and visit 3, there was an approximate 0.3% and 2.5% decrease in concentration and mass, respectively (all p 0.05). Serum holoTC concentration and mass decreased from the early to late follicular phase and subsequently increased from the late follicular to midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle. There was a small yet meaningful positive relationship between holoTC biomarker mass, but not concentration, and plasma volume at visits 1 and 3, but not visit 2. Overall, we found that holoTC concentrations decreased from the first to second trimesters and the first to third trimesters, but there was an inconsistent pattern from second to third trimesters. When we estimated PV expansion in late pregnancy using an equation, we found that it increased minimally across 3 weeks and was positively correlated with holoTC mass at baseline. In nonpregnant individuals, we found that holoTC concentration and mass decreased from the early follicular to the late follicular phase and subsequently increased from the late follicular to the midluteal phase. There was a small yet positive relationship between holoTC biomarker mass, but not concentration, and PV in the early follicular and midluteal phases. Our results show that B12 biomarkers may change across pregnancy and the menstrual cycle, despite unclear patterns, and future research should work to account for the timing of blood draws during these periods. Additional research is needed to further quantify the relationship between PV and these biomarkers in both nonpregnant and pregnant individuals.
- 일반주제명
- Biomarkers
- 일반주제명
- Hormones
- 일반주제명
- Womens health
- 일반주제명
- Womens studies
- 일반주제명
- Nutrition
- 키워드
- Vitamin B12
- 키워드
- Pregnancy
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■1001 ▼aMartin, Leigh.
■24510▼aChanges in Vitamin B12 Biomarkers and Plasma Volume in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Females
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Pennsylvania State University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a135 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Gernand, Alison D.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
■520 ▼aVitamin B12 (B12) is an essential micronutrient crucial for processes like one-carbon metabolism and red blood cell formation, and its deficiency during pregnancy can lead to maternal and fetal complications, such as neural tube defects and anemia. Holotranscobalamin (holoTC) and total B12 are the most commonly measured biomarkers for B12 status across life stages, including pregnancy, and across the menstrual cycle in nonpregnant individuals. Plasma is essential for transporting nutrients in nonpregnant and pregnant individuals, and plasma volume (PV) increases by 45-60% during pregnancy to provide for the growing fetus. Despite previous, yet separate, studies in PV in pregnancy and the menstrual cycle, little is known about the relationship between PV and B12 biomarkers in these timespans. The overall goal of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between PV and vitamin B12 biomarkers in pregnant and nonpregnant populations.The first objective was to examine the change in concentration of holoTC across human pregnancy. We conducted a systematic review of 12 published longitudinal pregnancy studies, using a narrative synthesis approach to collate available holoTC and total B12 concentrations across pregnancy. We found that from the first to the second trimester, holoTC concentrations decreased (5-28%) in 7 studies, increased (2%) in 1 study, and remained unchanged in 1 study. From the second to the third trimester, holoTC concentrations decreased (6-16%) in 3 studies, increased (1-31%) in 4 studies, and did not change in 1 study. Overall, from the first to third trimesters, holoTC concentrations decreased (4-22%) in 4 studies and increased by 7% in 1 study.The second objective was to investigate the relationship between PV and biomarkers related to vitamin B12 status (holoTC and total B12), anemia (hemoglobin and hematocrit), hydration, and blood pressure in pregnant individuals in Tanzania. We conducted secondary data analysis from a single-blinded, stratified, multiple ascending dose trial of vitamin B12 supplementation conducted in 40 pregnant individuals. Participants completed a 4-week inpatient clinical phase, during which we measured all biomarkers on days 1 and 22. We estimated PV on days 1 and 22 using an estimation equation method. We found that PV increased by less than 100 mL across the study period, and it had a significant positive correlation with holoTC mass at day 1. Correlations between PV, holoTC, and total B12 concentrations were positive but small at both timepoints. We found meaningful positive correlations between PV and Hgb and Hct, but not with urine specific gravity or blood pressure.Our third objective was to investigate the relationship between PV and holoTC across the menstrual cycle in healthy individuals of reproductive age in the United States. We conducted a longitudinal study, in which we timed 3 study visits to align with the early follicular (visit 1), late follicular (visit 2), and mid-luteal (visit 3) phases. PV was previously estimated using ICG at each study visit, and we measured holoTC concentration and calculated mass in previously collected baseline serum samples using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). HoloTC concentration decreased by 3.1%, and mass decreased by 5.2% (all p0.05) between the early follicular and late follicular phase. There was an approximate 3% increase in both concentration and mass between the late follicular and midluteal phase (all p 0.05). Between visit 1 and visit 3, there was an approximate 0.3% and 2.5% decrease in concentration and mass, respectively (all p 0.05). Serum holoTC concentration and mass decreased from the early to late follicular phase and subsequently increased from the late follicular to midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle. There was a small yet meaningful positive relationship between holoTC biomarker mass, but not concentration, and plasma volume at visits 1 and 3, but not visit 2. Overall, we found that holoTC concentrations decreased from the first to second trimesters and the first to third trimesters, but there was an inconsistent pattern from second to third trimesters. When we estimated PV expansion in late pregnancy using an equation, we found that it increased minimally across 3 weeks and was positively correlated with holoTC mass at baseline. In nonpregnant individuals, we found that holoTC concentration and mass decreased from the early follicular to the late follicular phase and subsequently increased from the late follicular to the midluteal phase. There was a small yet positive relationship between holoTC biomarker mass, but not concentration, and PV in the early follicular and midluteal phases. Our results show that B12 biomarkers may change across pregnancy and the menstrual cycle, despite unclear patterns, and future research should work to account for the timing of blood draws during these periods. Additional research is needed to further quantify the relationship between PV and these biomarkers in both nonpregnant and pregnant individuals.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0176.
■650 4▼aBiomarkers
■650 4▼aHormones
■650 4▼aWomens health
■650 4▼aWomens studies
■650 4▼aNutrition
■653 ▼aVitamin B12
■653 ▼aPregnancy
■690 ▼a0453
■690 ▼a0570
■71020▼aThe Pennsylvania State University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03A.
■790 ▼a0176
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358643▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


