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Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104731
- ISBN
- 9798290648019
- DDC
- 551.57
- 저자명
- Reed, Titus.
- 서명/저자
- Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 141 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Burgos, Juan Pablo Gevaudan;Mauro, John C.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) is still an unsolved problem. Many countries are working on designing deep geological repositories (DGR) for the permanent disposal of HLW. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is a popular material for some nuclear waste disposal applications. However, the high pH of OPC pore solution can cause degradation of the minerals present in the geological formation hosting a DGR. Yet, the high pH of OPC creates an environment that promotes the growth of a protective layer of oxides and hydroxides that prevents the corrosion of steel. As steel canisters are part of most DGR designs, this is desirable. Therefore, there is a need for a low pH cement (pH 12.5) that is capable of balancing the competing requirements of maintaining the integrity of the geological formation while still preventing corrosion of embedded steel. One pathway for achieving such a material is to include a corrosion inhibitor such as phosphate in a low-pH cement.Phosphates have been shown to improve the protective quality and lower the pH required for a protective passivation layer on the steel. Additionally, due to their polyprotic nature when combined with sodium hydroxide, phosphates can form a pH buffering solution effective over a range of pH values and have been used commercially to buffer pH in high-pressure boilers. In calcium-based cement, such as OPC, phosphates form insoluble precipitates with calcium, hindering the effectiveness of a corrosion inhibitor. However, the influence and compatibility of phosphates on alkali-activated materials (AAM) have been largely unexplored. In this work, for the first time, the effect of phosphates on the phase assemblage and pore solution of a calcium-free high-magnesium NaOH-activated AAM is established.The polymer-assisted sol-gel process was used to produce a series of MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5precursors. The previously established sol-gel process was improved to reduce the time needed to produce a batch of cement precursors from as long as 6 days to no more than 48 hours.The modified process was used to create a series of precursors that were activated with NaOH solutions cured in sealed molds at 35°C and examined after 1 to 470 days of curing.X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are used to examine the crystalline and amorphous phases that form. The XRD results confirm that Al is preferentially incorporated into hydrotalcite-like layered double hydroxides (LDH) over zeolites. Zeolites form when more Al is present than can be incorporated into the LDH. NMR results show that phosphate is not incorporated into aluminosilicate networks formed in these materials (such as zeolites or disordered aluminosilicate hydrate). Instead, it is shown that the phosphates react with sodium, forming soluble sodium phosphates. The NMR data shows that phosphate is adsorbed onto the surface of the aluminum-containing phases present in the material, forming inner and outersphere complexes. It is shown that increasing phosphate content slows (seen at 19.1 wt. % P2O3in precursor) and eventually suppresses (seen at 26.6 wt. % P2O3in precursor) the crystallization of zeolites.
- 일반주제명
- Humidity
- 일반주제명
- Calcium phosphates
- 일반주제명
- Emissions
- 일반주제명
- Water
- 일반주제명
- Aluminum
- 일반주제명
- Chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Hydration
- 일반주제명
- Zeolites
- 일반주제명
- Composite materials
- 일반주제명
- Corrosion
- 일반주제명
- Geology
- 일반주제명
- Aqueous solutions
- 일반주제명
- Concrete mixing
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear energy
- 일반주제명
- Oxygen
- 일반주제명
- Temperature effects
- 일반주제명
- Waste materials
- 일반주제명
- Sodium
- 일반주제명
- Aging
- 일반주제명
- Design
- 일반주제명
- Silica
- 일반주제명
- Connectivity
- 일반주제명
- Cement
- 일반주제명
- Emission standards
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290648019
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a551.57
■1001 ▼aReed, Titus.
■24510▼aInfluence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Pennsylvania State University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a141 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Burgos, Juan Pablo Gevaudan;Mauro, John C.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
■520 ▼aThe disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) is still an unsolved problem. Many countries are working on designing deep geological repositories (DGR) for the permanent disposal of HLW. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is a popular material for some nuclear waste disposal applications. However, the high pH of OPC pore solution can cause degradation of the minerals present in the geological formation hosting a DGR. Yet, the high pH of OPC creates an environment that promotes the growth of a protective layer of oxides and hydroxides that prevents the corrosion of steel. As steel canisters are part of most DGR designs, this is desirable. Therefore, there is a need for a low pH cement (pH 12.5) that is capable of balancing the competing requirements of maintaining the integrity of the geological formation while still preventing corrosion of embedded steel. One pathway for achieving such a material is to include a corrosion inhibitor such as phosphate in a low-pH cement.Phosphates have been shown to improve the protective quality and lower the pH required for a protective passivation layer on the steel. Additionally, due to their polyprotic nature when combined with sodium hydroxide, phosphates can form a pH buffering solution effective over a range of pH values and have been used commercially to buffer pH in high-pressure boilers. In calcium-based cement, such as OPC, phosphates form insoluble precipitates with calcium, hindering the effectiveness of a corrosion inhibitor. However, the influence and compatibility of phosphates on alkali-activated materials (AAM) have been largely unexplored. In this work, for the first time, the effect of phosphates on the phase assemblage and pore solution of a calcium-free high-magnesium NaOH-activated AAM is established.The polymer-assisted sol-gel process was used to produce a series of MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5precursors. The previously established sol-gel process was improved to reduce the time needed to produce a batch of cement precursors from as long as 6 days to no more than 48 hours.The modified process was used to create a series of precursors that were activated with NaOH solutions cured in sealed molds at 35°C and examined after 1 to 470 days of curing.X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are used to examine the crystalline and amorphous phases that form. The XRD results confirm that Al is preferentially incorporated into hydrotalcite-like layered double hydroxides (LDH) over zeolites. Zeolites form when more Al is present than can be incorporated into the LDH. NMR results show that phosphate is not incorporated into aluminosilicate networks formed in these materials (such as zeolites or disordered aluminosilicate hydrate). Instead, it is shown that the phosphates react with sodium, forming soluble sodium phosphates. The NMR data shows that phosphate is adsorbed onto the surface of the aluminum-containing phases present in the material, forming inner and outersphere complexes. It is shown that increasing phosphate content slows (seen at 19.1 wt. % P2O3in precursor) and eventually suppresses (seen at 26.6 wt. % P2O3in precursor) the crystallization of zeolites.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0176.
■650 4▼aHumidity
■650 4▼aCalcium phosphates
■650 4▼aEmissions
■650 4▼aWater
■650 4▼aAluminum
■650 4▼aChemistry
■650 4▼aHydration
■650 4▼aZeolites
■650 4▼aComposite materials
■650 4▼aCorrosion
■650 4▼aGeology
■650 4▼aAqueous solutions
■650 4▼aConcrete mixing
■650 4▼aNuclear energy
■650 4▼aOxygen
■650 4▼aTemperature effects
■650 4▼aWaste materials
■650 4▼aSodium
■650 4▼aAging
■650 4▼aDesign
■650 4▼aSilica
■650 4▼aConnectivity
■650 4▼aCement
■650 4▼aEmission standards
■690 ▼a0493
■690 ▼a0372
■690 ▼a0389
■690 ▼a0485
■71020▼aThe Pennsylvania State University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0176
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358649▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


