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Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3...
Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104731
ISBN  
9798290648019
DDC  
551.57
저자명  
Reed, Titus.
서명/저자  
Influence of Phosphates on Phase Formation and Pore Solution in Alkali-Activated Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
141 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Burgos, Juan Pablo Gevaudan;Mauro, John C.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) is still an unsolved problem. Many countries are working on designing deep geological repositories (DGR) for the permanent disposal of HLW. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is a popular material for some nuclear waste disposal applications. However, the high pH of OPC pore solution can cause degradation of the minerals present in the geological formation hosting a DGR. Yet, the high pH of OPC creates an environment that promotes the growth of a protective layer of oxides and hydroxides that prevents the corrosion of steel. As steel canisters are part of most DGR designs, this is desirable. Therefore, there is a need for a low pH cement (pH 12.5) that is capable of balancing the competing requirements of maintaining the integrity of the geological formation while still preventing corrosion of embedded steel. One pathway for achieving such a material is to include a corrosion inhibitor such as phosphate in a low-pH cement.Phosphates have been shown to improve the protective quality and lower the pH required for a protective passivation layer on the steel. Additionally, due to their polyprotic nature when combined with sodium hydroxide, phosphates can form a pH buffering solution effective over a range of pH values and have been used commercially to buffer pH in high-pressure boilers. In calcium-based cement, such as OPC, phosphates form insoluble precipitates with calcium, hindering the effectiveness of a corrosion inhibitor. However, the influence and compatibility of phosphates on alkali-activated materials (AAM) have been largely unexplored. In this work, for the first time, the effect of phosphates on the phase assemblage and pore solution of a calcium-free high-magnesium NaOH-activated AAM is established.The polymer-assisted sol-gel process was used to produce a series of MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5precursors. The previously established sol-gel process was improved to reduce the time needed to produce a batch of cement precursors from as long as 6 days to no more than 48 hours.The modified process was used to create a series of precursors that were activated with NaOH solutions cured in sealed molds at 35°C and examined after 1 to 470 days of curing.X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are used to examine the crystalline and amorphous phases that form. The XRD results confirm that Al is preferentially incorporated into hydrotalcite-like layered double hydroxides (LDH) over zeolites. Zeolites form when more Al is present than can be incorporated into the LDH. NMR results show that phosphate is not incorporated into aluminosilicate networks formed in these materials (such as zeolites or disordered aluminosilicate hydrate). Instead, it is shown that the phosphates react with sodium, forming soluble sodium phosphates. The NMR data shows that phosphate is adsorbed onto the surface of the aluminum-containing phases present in the material, forming inner and outersphere complexes. It is shown that increasing phosphate content slows (seen at 19.1 wt. % P2O3in precursor) and eventually suppresses (seen at 26.6 wt. % P2O3in precursor) the crystallization of zeolites.
일반주제명  
Humidity
일반주제명  
Calcium phosphates
일반주제명  
Emissions
일반주제명  
Water
일반주제명  
Aluminum
일반주제명  
Chemistry
일반주제명  
Hydration
일반주제명  
Zeolites
일반주제명  
Composite materials
일반주제명  
Corrosion
일반주제명  
Geology
일반주제명  
Aqueous solutions
일반주제명  
Concrete mixing
일반주제명  
Nuclear energy
일반주제명  
Oxygen
일반주제명  
Temperature effects
일반주제명  
Waste materials
일반주제명  
Sodium
일반주제명  
Aging
일반주제명  
Design
일반주제명  
Silica
일반주제명  
Connectivity
일반주제명  
Cement
일반주제명  
Emission standards
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a551.57
■1001  ▼aReed,  Titus.
■24510▼aInfluence  of  Phosphates  on  Phase  Formation  and  Pore  Solution  in  Alkali-Activated  Mgo-Al2o3-SiO2-p2o5Cements
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a141  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Burgos,  Juan  Pablo  Gevaudan;Mauro,  John  C.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  disposal  of  high-level  nuclear  waste  (HLW)  is  still  an  unsolved  problem.  Many  countries  are  working  on  designing  deep  geological  repositories  (DGR)  for  the  permanent  disposal  of  HLW.  Ordinary  Portland  cement  (OPC)  is  a  popular  material  for  some  nuclear  waste  disposal  applications.  However,  the  high  pH  of  OPC  pore  solution  can  cause  degradation  of  the  minerals  present  in  the  geological  formation  hosting  a  DGR.  Yet,  the  high  pH  of  OPC  creates  an  environment  that  promotes  the  growth  of  a  protective  layer  of  oxides  and  hydroxides  that  prevents  the  corrosion  of  steel.  As  steel  canisters  are  part  of  most  DGR  designs,  this  is  desirable.  Therefore,  there  is  a  need  for  a  low  pH  cement  (pH    12.5)  that  is  capable  of  balancing  the  competing  requirements  of  maintaining  the  integrity  of  the  geological  formation  while  still  preventing  corrosion  of  embedded  steel.  One  pathway  for  achieving  such  a  material  is  to  include  a  corrosion  inhibitor  such  as  phosphate  in  a  low-pH  cement.Phosphates  have  been  shown  to  improve  the  protective  quality  and  lower  the  pH  required  for  a  protective  passivation  layer  on  the  steel.  Additionally,  due  to  their  polyprotic  nature  when  combined  with  sodium  hydroxide,  phosphates  can  form  a  pH  buffering  solution  effective  over  a  range  of  pH  values  and  have  been  used  commercially  to  buffer  pH  in  high-pressure  boilers.  In  calcium-based  cement,  such  as  OPC,  phosphates  form  insoluble  precipitates  with  calcium,  hindering  the  effectiveness  of  a  corrosion  inhibitor.  However,  the  influence  and  compatibility  of  phosphates  on  alkali-activated  materials  (AAM)  have  been  largely  unexplored.  In  this  work,  for  the  first  time,  the  effect  of  phosphates  on  the  phase  assemblage  and  pore  solution  of  a  calcium-free  high-magnesium  NaOH-activated  AAM  is  established.The  polymer-assisted  sol-gel  process  was  used  to  produce  a  series  of  MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-P2O5precursors.  The  previously  established  sol-gel  process  was  improved  to  reduce  the  time  needed  to  produce  a  batch  of  cement  precursors  from  as  long  as  6  days  to  no  more  than  48  hours.The  modified  process  was  used  to  create  a  series  of  precursors  that  were  activated  with  NaOH  solutions  cured  in  sealed  molds  at  35°C  and  examined  after  1  to  470  days  of  curing.X-ray  diffraction  (XRD)  and  magic  angle  spinning-nuclear  magnetic  resonance  (NMR)  are  used  to  examine  the  crystalline  and  amorphous  phases  that  form.  The  XRD  results  confirm  that  Al  is  preferentially  incorporated  into  hydrotalcite-like  layered  double  hydroxides  (LDH)  over  zeolites.  Zeolites  form  when  more  Al  is  present  than  can  be  incorporated  into  the  LDH.  NMR  results  show  that  phosphate  is  not  incorporated  into  aluminosilicate  networks  formed  in  these  materials  (such  as  zeolites  or  disordered  aluminosilicate  hydrate).  Instead,  it  is  shown  that  the  phosphates  react  with  sodium,  forming  soluble  sodium  phosphates.  The  NMR  data  shows  that  phosphate  is  adsorbed  onto  the  surface  of  the  aluminum-containing  phases  present  in  the  material,  forming  inner  and  outersphere  complexes.  It  is  shown  that  increasing  phosphate  content  slows  (seen  at  19.1  wt.  %  P2O3in  precursor)  and  eventually  suppresses  (seen  at  26.6  wt.  %  P2O3in  precursor)  the  crystallization  of  zeolites.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aHumidity
■650  4▼aCalcium  phosphates
■650  4▼aEmissions
■650  4▼aWater
■650  4▼aAluminum
■650  4▼aChemistry
■650  4▼aHydration
■650  4▼aZeolites
■650  4▼aComposite  materials
■650  4▼aCorrosion
■650  4▼aGeology
■650  4▼aAqueous  solutions
■650  4▼aConcrete  mixing
■650  4▼aNuclear  energy
■650  4▼aOxygen
■650  4▼aTemperature  effects
■650  4▼aWaste  materials
■650  4▼aSodium
■650  4▼aAging
■650  4▼aDesign
■650  4▼aSilica
■650  4▼aConnectivity
■650  4▼aCement
■650  4▼aEmission  standards
■690    ▼a0493
■690    ▼a0372
■690    ▼a0389
■690    ▼a0485
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358649▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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