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Strategies to Stimulate Biosulfidogenesis in the Deep Layer of a Meromictic Acidic Pit Lake for Environmental Remediation
Strategies to Stimulate Biosulfidogenesis in the Deep Layer of a Meromictic Acidic Pit Lak...
Strategies to Stimulate Biosulfidogenesis in the Deep Layer of a Meromictic Acidic Pit Lake for Environmental Remediation

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104731
ISBN  
9798290651262
DDC  
378.1
저자명  
Liu, Yutong.
서명/저자  
Strategies to Stimulate Biosulfidogenesis in the Deep Layer of a Meromictic Acidic Pit Lake for Environmental Remediation
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
208 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Burgos, William D.;Macalady, Jennifer L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Acidic pit lakes are formed by the flooding of abandoned open pit mines, where the polymetallic sulfide ores are exposed to water, and oxidants, such as oxygen (O₂) and ferric iron (Fe³⁺), catalyze their oxidative dissolution. They posed significant environmental challenges over the past few decades, particularly after periods of intense mining activity and the closure of mining sites without proper protection and restoration measures, resulting in the collection of significantly metal(loid)-rich and acidic water in open ponds. The water in acidic pit lakes is widely regarded as a pressing environmental issue requiring remediation. This Ph.D. research focused on studying processes occurring in the deep layer of the well-studied meromictic acidic pit lake, Cueva de la Mora (CM), located in Huelva Province in southwestern Spain.Chapters 2 and 3 focused on strategies for the removal of harmful metal(loid)s and the neutralization of lake water. Traditional remediation methods primarily employ alkaline addition, such as soda ash or lime, to raise pH and immobilize such metal(loid)s by forming metal hydroxide and/or metal carbonate precipitates. However, this approach can be expensive and generate secondary pollutants, such as bulky sludge (Johnson et al., 2019). Herein, we stimulated biogenic dissimilatory sulfate reduction (biosulfidogenesis) as an alternative approach to immobilize harmful metal(loid)s by precipitating them as low-solubility metal(loid)-sulfide compounds. A challenge with this approach, however, is the lack of electron donors in the deep layer of CM to facilitate dissimilatory sulfate reduction. Furthermore, although previous research has revealed the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and genes regulating dissimilatory sulfate reduction in the deep layer of CM, the relative abundance of SRB is below 1%, and the gene abundance is lower than that of other major metabolic pathways. This leads to uncertainty regarding the growth of SRB to functionally significant levels.Chapter 2 aimed to promote biosulfidogenesis by supplying substrates that are lacking in the deep layer of CM in a lab-based study. Glycerol was selected as the organic substrate and electron donor, demonstrating its effectiveness in promoting biosulfidogenesis in this layer. The combined addition of glycerol and elemental sulfur (S(0)) further increased sulfide production rates and enhanced the removal of metal(loid)s. This suggested that acid-tolerant sulfate-reducing microorganisms in the deep layer of CM can also utilize S(0) as an electron acceptor to produce sulfide, provided that suitable electron donors are available. Notably, sulfur disproportionation did not occur in the presence of S(0) on its own. From a microbiological perspective, the addition of glycerol enriched the acid-tolerant SRB genus Desulfosporosinus(76%-96% relative abundance); even more efficient sulfide production were observed in microcosms containing both glycerol and S(0), along with a higher enrichment of Desulfosporosinus(93-99%). This chapter was accepted for publication in Frontiers in Microbiologyin September 2024.Chapter 3 evaluated high-density biomass as the substrate and electron donors to stimulate biosulfidogenesis in the deep layer of CM in a lab-based study. Solid-phase amendments were selected because they can be pressed into pelletized form that is dense enough to settle into the deep layer of a stratified lake. This 'direct delivery' of electron donor overcomes the current 'indirect method' to stimulate algae growth in the upper layer of the lake and wait for it to die and settle into the deep layer. Solid-phase amendments tested were two acid-tolerant microalgae and one aquatic plant. Coccomyxa,the dominant microalgal genus in the surface layer and chemocline of CM, was introduced in dry powder form as the organic substrate. Additionally, other types of solid-phase biomass, including the acid-tolerant microalgae Euglena, and duckweed (Lemnoideae minor) were evaluated. All types of solid-phase biomass tested promoted the growth of acid-tolerant SRB and enhanced sulfide production. Biocomponents of these complex amendments were assessed to better understand the stimulatory effects of amino acids, sugars, and long-chain fatty acids. Amino acids emerged as the preferred biocomponent for sulfate reduction in the deep layer of CM, based on the shorter adaptation period, while sugar monomers demonstrated a sulfide production rate comparable to that of amino acids once dissimilatory sulfate reduction commenced.Chapter 4 addressed another potential limiting factor leading to low sulfide accumulation and metal(loid) removal in the deep layer of CM: the suspected continuous input of trace amounts of oxygen due to groundwater recharge. According to the chemical profiles of this lake, sulfide was produced and accumulated under strictly anoxic conditions but underwent biogenic re-oxidation upon the introduction of trace oxygen. Simultaneously, metal(loid)s, particularly arsenic, which had been immobilized under anoxic conditions, re-dissolved upon oxygen exposure. Biologically, the acid-tolerant SRB genus Desulfosporosinuswas significantly enriched under anoxic conditions but its growth was inhibited under oxic conditions. In contrast, the acid-tolerant sulfur-oxidizing bacterial genus Acidithiobacillusproliferated under oxic conditions, increasing in abundance with an increasing number of redox oscillation phases. Genetic analysis via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed the high abundance of dissimilatory sulfate reduction genes under anoxic conditions but their inhibition upon the introduction of trace amounts of oxygen. Conversely, sulfur-oxidizing genes remained undetected until oxygen was introduced, and their abundance gradually increased with prolonged oxygen exposure. In conclusion, this research demonstrated that biogenic sulfur oxidation, stimulated by the continuous input of trace amounts of oxygen, is a critical factor limiting sulfide accumulation and, consequently, suppressing metal(loid) removal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first laboratory study investigating the complete S cycle in acidic pit lakes.
일반주제명  
Study abroad
일반주제명  
Minerals
일반주제명  
Zinc
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
일반주제명  
Bacteria
일반주제명  
Fatty acids
일반주제명  
Water
일반주제명  
Generations
일반주제명  
Copper
일반주제명  
Biomass
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Mining
일반주제명  
Genes
일반주제명  
Glycerol
일반주제명  
Oxidation
일반주제명  
Lakes
일반주제명  
Hydrologic cycle
일반주제명  
Carbon
일반주제명  
Glucose
일반주제명  
Acid mine drainage
일반주제명  
Arsenic
일반주제명  
Microorganisms
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aLiu,  Yutong.
■24510▼aStrategies  to  Stimulate  Biosulfidogenesis  in  the  Deep  Layer  of  a  Meromictic  Acidic  Pit  Lake  for  Environmental  Remediation
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a208  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Burgos,  William  D.;Macalady,  Jennifer  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aAcidic  pit  lakes  are  formed  by  the  flooding  of  abandoned  open  pit  mines,  where  the  polymetallic  sulfide  ores  are  exposed  to  water,  and  oxidants,  such  as  oxygen  (O₂)  and  ferric  iron  (Fe³⁺),  catalyze  their  oxidative  dissolution.  They  posed  significant  environmental  challenges  over  the  past  few  decades,  particularly  after  periods  of  intense  mining  activity  and  the  closure  of  mining  sites  without  proper  protection  and  restoration  measures,  resulting  in  the  collection  of  significantly  metal(loid)-rich  and  acidic  water  in  open  ponds.  The  water  in  acidic  pit  lakes  is  widely  regarded  as  a  pressing  environmental  issue  requiring  remediation.  This  Ph.D.  research  focused  on  studying  processes  occurring  in  the  deep  layer  of  the  well-studied  meromictic  acidic  pit  lake,  Cueva  de  la  Mora  (CM),  located  in  Huelva  Province  in  southwestern  Spain.Chapters  2  and  3  focused  on  strategies  for  the  removal  of  harmful  metal(loid)s  and  the  neutralization  of  lake  water.  Traditional  remediation  methods  primarily  employ  alkaline  addition,  such  as  soda  ash  or  lime,  to  raise  pH  and  immobilize  such  metal(loid)s  by  forming  metal  hydroxide  and/or  metal  carbonate  precipitates.  However,  this  approach  can  be  expensive  and  generate  secondary  pollutants,  such  as  bulky  sludge  (Johnson  et  al.,  2019).  Herein,  we  stimulated  biogenic  dissimilatory  sulfate  reduction  (biosulfidogenesis)  as  an  alternative  approach  to  immobilize  harmful  metal(loid)s  by  precipitating  them  as  low-solubility  metal(loid)-sulfide  compounds.  A  challenge  with  this  approach,  however,  is  the  lack  of  electron  donors  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM  to  facilitate  dissimilatory  sulfate  reduction.  Furthermore,  although  previous  research  has  revealed  the  presence  of  sulfate-reducing  bacteria  (SRB)  and  genes  regulating  dissimilatory  sulfate  reduction  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM,  the  relative  abundance  of  SRB  is  below  1%,  and  the  gene  abundance  is  lower  than  that  of  other  major  metabolic  pathways.  This  leads  to  uncertainty  regarding  the  growth  of  SRB  to  functionally  significant  levels.Chapter  2  aimed  to  promote  biosulfidogenesis  by  supplying  substrates  that  are  lacking  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM  in  a  lab-based  study.  Glycerol  was  selected  as  the  organic  substrate  and  electron  donor,  demonstrating  its  effectiveness  in  promoting  biosulfidogenesis  in  this  layer.  The  combined  addition  of  glycerol  and  elemental  sulfur  (S(0))  further  increased  sulfide  production  rates  and  enhanced  the  removal  of  metal(loid)s.  This  suggested  that  acid-tolerant  sulfate-reducing  microorganisms  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM  can  also  utilize  S(0)  as  an  electron  acceptor  to  produce  sulfide,  provided  that  suitable  electron  donors  are  available.  Notably,  sulfur  disproportionation  did  not  occur  in  the  presence  of  S(0)  on  its  own.  From  a  microbiological  perspective,  the  addition  of  glycerol  enriched  the  acid-tolerant  SRB  genus  Desulfosporosinus(76%-96%  relative  abundance);  even  more  efficient  sulfide  production  were  observed  in  microcosms  containing  both  glycerol  and  S(0),  along  with  a  higher  enrichment  of  Desulfosporosinus(93-99%).  This  chapter  was  accepted  for  publication  in  Frontiers  in  Microbiologyin  September  2024.Chapter  3  evaluated  high-density  biomass  as  the  substrate  and  electron  donors  to  stimulate  biosulfidogenesis  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM  in  a  lab-based  study.  Solid-phase  amendments  were  selected  because  they  can  be  pressed  into  pelletized  form  that  is  dense  enough  to  settle  into  the  deep  layer  of  a  stratified  lake.  This  'direct  delivery'  of  electron  donor  overcomes  the  current  'indirect  method'  to  stimulate  algae  growth  in  the  upper  layer  of  the  lake  and  wait  for  it  to  die  and  settle  into  the  deep  layer.  Solid-phase  amendments  tested  were  two  acid-tolerant  microalgae  and  one  aquatic  plant.  Coccomyxa,the  dominant  microalgal  genus  in  the  surface  layer  and  chemocline  of  CM,  was  introduced  in  dry  powder  form  as  the  organic  substrate.  Additionally,  other  types  of  solid-phase  biomass,  including  the  acid-tolerant  microalgae  Euglena,  and  duckweed  (Lemnoideae  minor)  were  evaluated.  All  types  of  solid-phase  biomass  tested  promoted  the  growth  of  acid-tolerant  SRB  and  enhanced  sulfide  production.  Biocomponents  of  these  complex  amendments  were  assessed  to  better  understand  the  stimulatory  effects  of  amino  acids,  sugars,  and  long-chain  fatty  acids.  Amino  acids  emerged  as  the  preferred  biocomponent  for  sulfate  reduction  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM,  based  on  the  shorter  adaptation  period,  while  sugar  monomers  demonstrated  a  sulfide  production  rate  comparable  to  that  of  amino  acids  once  dissimilatory  sulfate  reduction  commenced.Chapter  4  addressed  another  potential  limiting  factor  leading  to  low  sulfide  accumulation  and  metal(loid)  removal  in  the  deep  layer  of  CM:  the  suspected  continuous  input  of  trace  amounts  of  oxygen  due  to  groundwater  recharge.  According  to  the  chemical  profiles  of  this  lake,  sulfide  was  produced  and  accumulated  under  strictly  anoxic  conditions  but  underwent  biogenic  re-oxidation  upon  the  introduction  of  trace  oxygen.  Simultaneously,  metal(loid)s,  particularly  arsenic,  which  had  been  immobilized  under  anoxic  conditions,  re-dissolved  upon  oxygen  exposure.  Biologically,  the  acid-tolerant  SRB  genus  Desulfosporosinuswas  significantly  enriched  under  anoxic  conditions  but  its  growth  was  inhibited  under  oxic  conditions.  In  contrast,  the  acid-tolerant  sulfur-oxidizing  bacterial  genus  Acidithiobacillusproliferated  under  oxic  conditions,  increasing  in  abundance  with  an  increasing  number  of  redox  oscillation  phases.  Genetic  analysis  via  quantitative  polymerase  chain  reaction  (qPCR)  revealed  the  high  abundance  of  dissimilatory  sulfate  reduction  genes  under  anoxic  conditions  but  their  inhibition  upon  the  introduction  of  trace  amounts  of  oxygen.  Conversely,  sulfur-oxidizing  genes  remained  undetected  until  oxygen  was  introduced,  and  their  abundance  gradually  increased  with  prolonged  oxygen  exposure.  In  conclusion,  this  research  demonstrated  that  biogenic  sulfur  oxidation,  stimulated  by  the  continuous  input  of  trace  amounts  of  oxygen,  is  a  critical  factor  limiting  sulfide  accumulation  and,  consequently,  suppressing  metal(loid)  removal.  To  the  best  of  our  knowledge,  this  is  the  first  laboratory  study  investigating  the  complete  S  cycle  in  acidic  pit  lakes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aStudy  abroad
■650  4▼aMinerals
■650  4▼aZinc
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■650  4▼aBacteria
■650  4▼aFatty  acids
■650  4▼aWater
■650  4▼aGenerations
■650  4▼aCopper
■650  4▼aBiomass
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aMining
■650  4▼aGenes
■650  4▼aGlycerol
■650  4▼aOxidation
■650  4▼aLakes
■650  4▼aHydrologic  cycle
■650  4▼aCarbon
■650  4▼aGlucose
■650  4▼aAcid  mine  drainage
■650  4▼aArsenic
■650  4▼aMicroorganisms
■690    ▼a0551
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0775
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358651▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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