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AAM Maneuver Noise Prediction: Establishing a Framework with Quasi-Static Modeling
AAM Maneuver Noise Prediction: Establishing a Framework with Quasi-Static Modeling
AAM Maneuver Noise Prediction: Establishing a Framework with Quasi-Static Modeling

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104732
ISBN  
9798290648743
DDC  
330
저자명  
Ramsey, Damaris Rene.
서명/저자  
AAM Maneuver Noise Prediction: Establishing a Framework with Quasi-Static Modeling
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
241 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Greenwood, Eric;Brentner, Kenneth S.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약As Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) vehicles have emerged in the aerospace market, their innovative design changes present both opportunities and challenges. Unlike traditional helicopters, AAM vehicles incorporate multiple rotors, variable RPM, variable rotor hub pitch, and sometimes additional wing surfaces. These control mechanisms significantly alter the aircraft's aerodynamic and acoustic profile. This dissertation aims to develop the framework for a simplified model to predict noise generated by AAM vehicles along various flight paths. This will be achieved using a quasi-static acoustic mapping (QSAM) model, which correlates the acoustic output of an aircraft to a static vehicle condition. By linking multiple static vehicle conditions, a flight path can be simulated, allowing for the prediction of the corresponding acoustic noise for that flight path.Through a review of current QSAM models for helicopters, four key adaptations were identified as needed for application to AAM designs. All of these adaptations stem from the addition of multiple rotors for AAM designs. First, it is important to understand far-field development for multirotor vehicles. Since additional rotors are present, the far-field distance is likely to increase. Other design factors specific to AAM, such as tip speed and distribution of rotors, may also have a significant impact on the development of the far field. Second, identifying vehicle operating parameters that define a static aerodynamic condition is essential. The addition of new rotors and lifting surfaces present in AAM complicate the aerodynamic environment of the aircraft. The aerodynamic environment of the whole vehicle needs to be related back to a given flight condition in order to apply QSAM to AAM. Third, evaluating time-varying acoustic interference, which is common in many AAM designs, is important. The multiple rotors may acoustically interfere, leading to modulation in the noise. Aerodynamic interactions also have the potential to induce noise variation over time. Both need to be evaluated to ensure a steady noise hemisphere can be used to represent the sound produced by AAM. Finally, a better understanding of how aerodynamic interactions change with operating conditions in AAM is needed. A QSAM database requires hundreds of noise hemispheres which are computationally time consuming and physically expensive to test. Determining ways to shortcut the collection of this data will enhance the application of QSAM for AAM. These areas are vital for accurately predicting and mitigating noise in AAM designs, ensuring their successful integration into urban environments.The first study in this dissertation emphasizes the importance of understanding far-field development for AAM systems, as current methods can introduce significant errors. New parameters, such as multiple rotors and variable RPM, complicate the acoustic propagation of noise from these vehicles, necessitating a reevaluation of existing methods for determining the far field. Far-field studies in this work revealed that vehicle radius, rotor placement, and rotation direction significantly impact noise characteristics. The findings underscore the need to consider the geometry, rotation direction, and proximity of rotors in far-field validation for AAM vehicles.The research also identifies vehicle operating parameters that define a static aerodynamic state, essential for the QSAM model. While some reductions are made, further verification or simplification within QSAM may be needed. The study examines the time-varying effects of acoustic interference and evaluates two different pitch conditions for temporal steadiness in aerodynamic interactions. Additionally, the use of periodic predictions for blade loading is assessed to reduce computation time for interacting rotors and wings. Test studies on the effects of windowing on temporal steadiness of noise indicate that current practices produce steady results with minimal impacts on flight testing or prediction methods.Studies are conducted to evaluate different vehicle pitch conditions and the aerodynamic interactions with rotor inflow variables. A significant link was found between perpendicular inflow changes and increased aerodynamic interactions, with certain operating conditions showing deviations from expected trends due to wake changes at higher inflow angles. The research also explores the relationship between aerodynamic environment and rotor rotation rates, determining that interactions are negligible when the front rotor is slower than the aft rotor, but increase when the front rotor spins as fast or faster than the aft rotor. It is found that rotation rates have a smaller effect on noise compared to vehicle inflow angles.In summary, transitioning from traditional helicopters to AAM vehicles requires a comprehensive understanding of new design parameters and their impact on noise generation. This research provides valuable insights into optimizing rotorcraft and AAM vehicle designs, ensuring accurate acoustic models and effective noise control strategies. These understandings assist in the application of the QSAM model to AAM vehicles, as they address the complexities introduced by multiple rotors, variable RPM, and adjustable rotor/wing pitch. By incorporating these insights, the QSAM model can more accurately predict and mitigate noise, facilitating the successful integration of AAM technologies into urban environments and contributing to sustainable urban air mobility solutions.
일반주제명  
Aircraft
일반주제명  
Acoustics
일반주제명  
Aerodynamics
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a330
■1001  ▼aRamsey,  Damaris  Rene.
■24510▼aAAM  Maneuver  Noise  Prediction:  Establishing  a  Framework  with  Quasi-Static  Modeling
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a241  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Greenwood,  Eric;Brentner,  Kenneth  S.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aAs  Advanced  Air  Mobility  (AAM)  vehicles  have  emerged  in  the  aerospace  market,  their  innovative  design  changes  present  both  opportunities  and  challenges.  Unlike  traditional  helicopters,  AAM  vehicles  incorporate  multiple  rotors,  variable  RPM,  variable  rotor  hub  pitch,  and  sometimes  additional  wing  surfaces.  These  control  mechanisms  significantly  alter  the  aircraft's  aerodynamic  and  acoustic  profile.  This  dissertation  aims  to  develop  the  framework  for  a  simplified  model  to  predict  noise  generated  by  AAM  vehicles  along  various  flight  paths.  This  will  be  achieved  using  a  quasi-static  acoustic  mapping  (QSAM)  model,  which  correlates  the  acoustic  output  of  an  aircraft  to  a  static  vehicle  condition.  By  linking  multiple  static  vehicle  conditions,  a  flight  path  can  be  simulated,  allowing  for  the  prediction  of  the  corresponding  acoustic  noise  for  that  flight  path.Through  a  review  of  current  QSAM  models  for  helicopters,  four  key  adaptations  were  identified  as  needed  for  application  to  AAM  designs.  All  of  these  adaptations  stem  from  the  addition  of  multiple  rotors  for  AAM  designs.  First,  it  is  important  to  understand  far-field  development  for  multirotor  vehicles.  Since  additional  rotors  are  present,  the  far-field  distance  is  likely  to  increase.  Other  design  factors  specific  to  AAM,  such  as  tip  speed  and  distribution  of  rotors,  may  also  have  a  significant  impact  on  the  development  of  the  far  field.  Second,  identifying  vehicle  operating  parameters  that  define  a  static  aerodynamic  condition  is  essential.  The  addition  of  new  rotors  and  lifting  surfaces  present  in  AAM  complicate  the  aerodynamic  environment  of  the  aircraft.  The  aerodynamic  environment  of  the  whole  vehicle  needs  to  be  related  back  to  a  given  flight  condition  in  order  to  apply  QSAM  to  AAM.  Third,  evaluating  time-varying  acoustic  interference,  which  is  common  in  many  AAM  designs,  is  important.  The  multiple  rotors  may  acoustically  interfere,  leading  to  modulation  in  the  noise.  Aerodynamic  interactions  also  have  the  potential  to  induce  noise  variation  over  time.  Both  need  to  be  evaluated  to  ensure  a  steady  noise  hemisphere  can  be  used  to  represent  the  sound  produced  by  AAM.  Finally,  a  better  understanding  of  how  aerodynamic  interactions  change  with  operating  conditions  in  AAM  is  needed.  A  QSAM  database  requires  hundreds  of  noise  hemispheres  which  are  computationally  time  consuming  and  physically  expensive  to  test.  Determining  ways  to  shortcut  the  collection  of  this  data  will  enhance  the  application  of  QSAM  for  AAM.  These  areas  are  vital  for  accurately  predicting  and  mitigating  noise  in  AAM  designs,  ensuring  their  successful  integration  into  urban  environments.The  first  study  in  this  dissertation  emphasizes  the  importance  of  understanding  far-field  development  for  AAM  systems,  as  current  methods  can  introduce  significant  errors.  New  parameters,  such  as  multiple  rotors  and  variable  RPM,  complicate  the  acoustic  propagation  of  noise  from  these  vehicles,  necessitating  a  reevaluation  of  existing  methods  for  determining  the  far  field.  Far-field  studies  in  this  work  revealed  that  vehicle  radius,  rotor  placement,  and  rotation  direction  significantly  impact  noise  characteristics.  The  findings  underscore  the  need  to  consider  the  geometry,  rotation  direction,  and  proximity  of  rotors  in  far-field  validation  for  AAM  vehicles.The  research  also  identifies  vehicle  operating  parameters  that  define  a  static  aerodynamic  state,  essential  for  the  QSAM  model.  While  some  reductions  are  made,  further  verification  or  simplification  within  QSAM  may  be  needed.  The  study  examines  the  time-varying  effects  of  acoustic  interference  and  evaluates  two  different  pitch  conditions  for  temporal  steadiness  in  aerodynamic  interactions.  Additionally,  the  use  of  periodic  predictions  for  blade  loading  is  assessed  to  reduce  computation  time  for  interacting  rotors  and  wings.  Test  studies  on  the  effects  of  windowing  on  temporal  steadiness  of  noise  indicate  that  current  practices  produce  steady  results  with  minimal  impacts  on  flight  testing  or  prediction  methods.Studies  are  conducted  to  evaluate  different  vehicle  pitch  conditions  and  the  aerodynamic  interactions  with  rotor  inflow  variables.  A  significant  link  was  found  between  perpendicular  inflow  changes  and  increased  aerodynamic  interactions,  with  certain  operating  conditions  showing  deviations  from  expected  trends  due  to  wake  changes  at  higher  inflow  angles.  The  research  also  explores  the  relationship  between  aerodynamic  environment  and  rotor  rotation  rates,  determining  that  interactions  are  negligible  when  the  front  rotor  is  slower  than  the  aft  rotor,  but  increase  when  the  front  rotor  spins  as  fast  or  faster  than  the  aft  rotor.  It  is  found  that  rotation  rates  have  a  smaller  effect  on  noise  compared  to  vehicle  inflow  angles.In  summary,  transitioning  from  traditional  helicopters  to  AAM  vehicles  requires  a  comprehensive  understanding  of  new  design  parameters  and  their  impact  on  noise  generation.  This  research  provides  valuable  insights  into  optimizing  rotorcraft  and  AAM  vehicle  designs,  ensuring  accurate  acoustic  models  and  effective  noise  control  strategies.  These  understandings  assist  in  the  application  of  the  QSAM  model  to  AAM  vehicles,  as  they  address  the  complexities  introduced  by  multiple  rotors,  variable  RPM,  and  adjustable  rotor/wing  pitch.  By  incorporating  these  insights,  the  QSAM  model  can  more  accurately  predict  and  mitigate  noise,  facilitating  the  successful  integration  of  AAM  technologies  into  urban  environments  and  contributing  to  sustainable  urban  air  mobility  solutions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aAircraft
■650  4▼aAcoustics
■650  4▼aAerodynamics
■690    ▼a0986
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358652▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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