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Approximate Bayesian Inference for Network Processes
Approximate Bayesian Inference for Network Processes
Approximate Bayesian Inference for Network Processes

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103523
ISBN  
9798280710016
DDC  
574
저자명  
Wang, Maxwell H.
서명/저자  
Approximate Bayesian Inference for Network Processes
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
115 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Onnela, Jukk-Pekka.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약In network science and epidemiology, simulations are valuable for understanding real-world systems, informing predictions, and evaluating intervention strategies. However, for simulations to be useful, inference or calibration must be conducted on the internal parameters of the model. In many situations, this inference can be difficult, as many simulated models, even with relatively simple mechanistic rules, do not have computationally tractable likelihoods.For inferences on such models, one popular set of methods is Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC), an approach that has been utilized for models in population genetics (Tavare et al., 1997; Beaumont et al., 2002), physics (Akeret et al., 2015), and ecology (Toni et al., 2009). In order to compare simulation outputs and observed data, ABC methods require the specification of a set of summary statistics. In this dissertation, we seek to combine ABC methods with literature on Mixture Density Networks (MDN), which are neural networks that aim to learn a parametrized approximation to the posterior distribution of the parameters, conditioned on observed data (Bishop, 1994).In Chapter 1, we will investigate the use of Mixture Density Network-Augmented ABC (MDN-ABC) (Hoffmann and Onnela, 2022) for inferences on epidemics where the event times (times of infection and recovery) are not observed. By learning informative summary statistics through an MDN, we show how valid Bayesian inferences can be obtained while circumventing the summary statistic selection step that most ABC methods rely on. Furthermore, we discuss the interpretability of the summary statistics obtained from MDNs.In Chapter 2, we will continue to explore the use of MDN-ABC for epidemics on networks, but in cases where the contact network itself is also unobserved. By adopting a framework for modeling noise and missingness on networks proposed by Young et al. (2020), we find that it is possible to account for contact network uncertainty in a statistically valid manner through an additional network sampling step. In this chapter, we apply this Network-Augmented MDN-ABC (NA-MDN-ABC) to conduct inferences on Tattoo Skin Disease (TSD) spreading among dolphins in Shark Bay, Australia (Powell et al., 2019) and estimate the per-contact transmissibility and infectious period of the disease.In Chapter 3, we will discuss Bayesian inferences for mixture-of-mechanisms models for networks. Bayesian inferences on the relative importance of network formation mechanisms remains a difficult problem, as mechanistic network models do not generally yield tractable likelihoods. Existing methods focus on utilizing network summary statistics (Ratmann et al., 2007; Raynal and Onnela, 2022), but it is not guaranteed that such statistics are informative or optimal. In this chapter, we will discuss the use of an MDN that utilizes a Graph Neural Network (GNN) to extract network information and conduct Bayesian inferences.Approximate Bayesian inference tools provide a flexible framework with which researchers can study complex systems through simulations. By leveraging neural networks to extract relevant information from datasets, the methods we present allow for the automated learning of summary statistics, which avoids the use of ad hoc summary statistics and circumventing the summary statistic selection step.Simulations, in principle, can be designed to emulate reality as closely as possible, given the available computational budget. However, parameter inference and estimation for such simulations often require automated, statistically principled methods for likelihood-free inferences. By developing Bayesian methods capable of accommodating a wide range of data inputs, we seek to bridge this existing gap between realistic simulations and valid statistical inferences.
일반주제명  
Biostatistics
일반주제명  
Statistics
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
키워드  
Approximate inference
키워드  
Bayesian statistics
키워드  
Epidemics
키워드  
Tattoo skin disease
키워드  
Approximate Bayesian computation
기타저자  
Harvard University Biostatistics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aApproximate  Bayesian  Inference  for  Network  Processes
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a115  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Onnela,  Jukk-Pekka.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aIn  network  science  and  epidemiology,  simulations  are  valuable  for  understanding  real-world  systems,  informing  predictions,  and  evaluating  intervention  strategies.  However,  for  simulations  to  be  useful,  inference  or  calibration  must  be  conducted  on  the  internal  parameters  of  the  model.  In  many  situations,  this  inference  can  be  difficult,  as  many  simulated  models,  even  with  relatively  simple  mechanistic  rules,  do  not  have  computationally  tractable  likelihoods.For  inferences  on  such  models,  one  popular  set  of  methods  is  Approximate  Bayesian  computation  (ABC),  an  approach  that  has  been  utilized  for  models  in  population  genetics  (Tavare  et  al.,  1997;  Beaumont  et  al.,  2002),  physics  (Akeret  et  al.,  2015),  and  ecology  (Toni  et  al.,  2009).  In  order  to  compare  simulation  outputs  and  observed  data,  ABC  methods  require  the  specification  of  a  set  of  summary  statistics.  In  this  dissertation,  we  seek  to  combine  ABC  methods  with  literature  on  Mixture  Density  Networks  (MDN),  which  are  neural  networks  that  aim  to  learn  a  parametrized  approximation  to  the  posterior  distribution  of  the  parameters,  conditioned  on  observed  data  (Bishop,  1994).In  Chapter  1,  we  will  investigate  the  use  of  Mixture  Density  Network-Augmented  ABC  (MDN-ABC)  (Hoffmann  and  Onnela,  2022)  for  inferences  on  epidemics  where  the  event  times  (times  of  infection  and  recovery)  are  not  observed.  By  learning  informative  summary  statistics  through  an  MDN,  we  show  how  valid  Bayesian  inferences  can  be  obtained  while  circumventing  the  summary  statistic  selection  step  that  most  ABC  methods  rely  on.  Furthermore,  we  discuss  the  interpretability  of  the  summary  statistics  obtained  from  MDNs.In  Chapter  2,  we  will  continue  to  explore  the  use  of  MDN-ABC  for  epidemics  on  networks,  but  in  cases  where  the  contact  network  itself  is  also  unobserved.  By  adopting  a  framework  for  modeling  noise  and  missingness  on  networks  proposed  by  Young  et  al.  (2020),  we  find  that  it  is  possible  to  account  for  contact  network  uncertainty  in  a  statistically  valid  manner  through  an  additional  network  sampling  step.  In  this  chapter,  we  apply  this  Network-Augmented  MDN-ABC  (NA-MDN-ABC)  to  conduct  inferences  on  Tattoo  Skin  Disease  (TSD)  spreading  among  dolphins  in  Shark  Bay,  Australia  (Powell  et  al.,  2019)  and  estimate  the  per-contact  transmissibility  and  infectious  period  of  the  disease.In  Chapter  3,  we  will  discuss  Bayesian  inferences  for  mixture-of-mechanisms  models  for  networks.  Bayesian  inferences  on  the  relative  importance  of  network  formation  mechanisms  remains  a  difficult  problem,  as  mechanistic  network  models  do  not  generally  yield  tractable  likelihoods.  Existing  methods  focus  on  utilizing  network  summary  statistics  (Ratmann  et  al.,  2007;  Raynal  and  Onnela,  2022),  but  it  is  not  guaranteed  that  such  statistics  are  informative  or  optimal.  In  this  chapter,  we  will  discuss  the  use  of  an  MDN  that  utilizes  a  Graph  Neural  Network  (GNN)  to  extract  network  information  and  conduct  Bayesian  inferences.Approximate  Bayesian  inference  tools  provide  a  flexible  framework  with  which  researchers  can  study  complex  systems  through  simulations.  By  leveraging  neural  networks  to  extract  relevant  information  from  datasets,  the  methods  we  present  allow  for  the  automated  learning  of  summary  statistics,  which  avoids  the  use  of  ad  hoc  summary  statistics  and  circumventing  the  summary  statistic  selection  step.Simulations,  in  principle,  can  be  designed  to  emulate  reality  as  closely  as  possible,  given  the  available  computational  budget.  However,  parameter  inference  and  estimation  for  such  simulations  often  require  automated,  statistically  principled  methods  for  likelihood-free  inferences.  By  developing  Bayesian  methods  capable  of  accommodating  a  wide  range  of  data  inputs,  we  seek  to  bridge  this  existing  gap  between  realistic  simulations  and  valid  statistical  inferences.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aBiostatistics
■650  4▼aStatistics
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■653    ▼aApproximate  inference
■653    ▼aBayesian  statistics
■653    ▼aEpidemics
■653    ▼aTattoo  skin  disease
■653    ▼aApproximate  Bayesian  computation
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■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
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■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357517▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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