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Mechanisms and Characterization of Upper and Lower Limb Motor Pathway Activation in People With Parkinson's Disease
Mechanisms and Characterization of Upper and Lower Limb Motor Pathway Activation in People...
Mechanisms and Characterization of Upper and Lower Limb Motor Pathway Activation in People With Parkinson's Disease

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103041
ISBN  
9798314845042
DDC  
610
저자명  
Lecy, Emily Elizabeth.
서명/저자  
Mechanisms and Characterization of Upper and Lower Limb Motor Pathway Activation in People With Parkinsons Disease
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
166 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: MacKinnon, Colum D.;Johnson, Matthew D.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder defined by the characteristic patterns of alpha-synuclein buildup and neuronal degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Degeneration is accompanied by the emergence of cardinal motor symptoms of bradykinesia, akinesia, resting tremor, muscle rigidity, postural instability, and gait dysfunction. Many of the primary motor symptoms (bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor) can be improved with therapies (dopamine replacement therapy and deep brain stimulation (DBS)) but other motor signs (posture, balance, gait) are often resistant to treatment. Currently, the mechanisms and characteristics driving impaired neural control of the upper and lower limbs in PD and their responses to DBS are unknown but likely reflect differences in corticospinal, basal ganglia, and corticoreticular contributions to muscle control. In this dissertation, three projects assessed upper and lower extremity motor control in people with PD. Project 1 characterized responses of upper and lower extremities to corticospinal activation, demonstrating that there are larger magnitudes of responses in upper compared to lower extremities and in distal compared to proximal muscles in people with PD. Project 2 used transcranial magnetic stimulation to examine the excitability of intracortical, corticospinal and corticoreticular pathways projecting to the ankle muscles during isometric contractions in people with PD and age matched controls. These experiments demonstrated that the excitability of corticoreticular projections of plantar flexors during isometric plantar, but not dorsiflexion, were increased in PD. Lastly, in Project 3, we examined the mechanisms by which DBS reduces upper limb rigidity using patient-specific pathway activation models of the basal ganglia in people with PD and pallidal DBS. This project showed that activation of efferent fibers projecting from the globus pallidus internus were associated with decreased rigidity. The results of this dissertation provide a greater understanding of the impacts of disease and DBS on upper and lower extremity function which can directly enhance our knowledge of and improve the quality of life for those with PD.
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Experimental psychology
키워드  
Computational modeling
키워드  
Deep brain stimulation
키워드  
Parkinson's disease
키워드  
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Neuroscience
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aLecy,  Emily  Elizabeth.
■24510▼aMechanisms  and  Characterization  of  Upper  and  Lower  Limb  Motor  Pathway  Activation  in  People  With  Parkinson's  Disease
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a166  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  MacKinnon,  Colum  D.;Johnson,  Matthew  D.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2025.
■520    ▼aParkinson's  disease  (PD)  is  a  progressive  neurodegenerative  disorder  defined  by  the  characteristic  patterns  of  alpha-synuclein  buildup  and  neuronal  degeneration  of  dopaminergic  cells  in  the  substantia  nigra  pars  compacta.  Degeneration  is  accompanied  by  the  emergence  of  cardinal  motor  symptoms  of  bradykinesia,  akinesia,  resting  tremor,  muscle  rigidity,  postural  instability,  and  gait  dysfunction.  Many  of  the  primary  motor  symptoms  (bradykinesia,  rigidity,  tremor)  can  be  improved  with  therapies  (dopamine  replacement  therapy  and  deep  brain  stimulation  (DBS))  but  other  motor  signs  (posture,  balance,  gait)  are  often  resistant  to  treatment.  Currently,  the  mechanisms  and  characteristics  driving  impaired  neural  control  of  the  upper  and  lower  limbs  in  PD  and  their  responses  to  DBS  are  unknown  but  likely  reflect  differences  in  corticospinal,  basal  ganglia,  and  corticoreticular  contributions  to  muscle  control.  In  this  dissertation,  three  projects  assessed  upper  and  lower  extremity  motor  control  in  people  with  PD.  Project  1  characterized  responses  of  upper  and  lower  extremities  to  corticospinal  activation,  demonstrating  that  there  are  larger  magnitudes  of  responses  in  upper  compared  to  lower  extremities  and  in  distal  compared  to  proximal  muscles  in  people  with  PD.  Project  2  used  transcranial  magnetic  stimulation  to  examine  the  excitability  of  intracortical,  corticospinal  and  corticoreticular  pathways  projecting  to  the  ankle  muscles  during  isometric  contractions  in  people  with  PD  and  age  matched  controls.  These  experiments  demonstrated  that  the  excitability  of  corticoreticular  projections  of  plantar  flexors  during  isometric  plantar,  but  not  dorsiflexion,  were  increased  in  PD.  Lastly,  in  Project  3,  we  examined  the  mechanisms  by  which  DBS  reduces  upper  limb  rigidity  using  patient-specific  pathway  activation  models  of  the  basal  ganglia  in  people  with  PD  and  pallidal  DBS.  This  project  showed  that  activation  of  efferent  fibers  projecting  from  the  globus  pallidus  internus  were  associated  with  decreased  rigidity.  The  results  of  this  dissertation  provide  a  greater  understanding  of  the  impacts  of  disease  and  DBS  on  upper  and  lower  extremity  function  which  can  directly  enhance  our  knowledge  of  and  improve  the  quality  of  life  for  those  with  PD.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aExperimental  psychology
■653    ▼aComputational  modeling
■653    ▼aDeep  brain  stimulation
■653    ▼aParkinson's  disease
■653    ▼aTranscranial  magnetic  stimulation
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0623
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bNeuroscience.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356814▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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