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Personalizing Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction
Personalizing Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction
Personalizing Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103140
ISBN  
9798283479873
DDC  
574
저자명  
Khattab, Ahmed.
서명/저자  
Personalizing Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Scripps Research Institute, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
112 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Torkamani, Ali;Zorrilla, Eric P.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Scripps Research Institute, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing public health crisis, driven by both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Its rising prevalence, particularly among younger populations, places a substantial burden on healthcare systems, with global and national costs escalating sharply in recent years. Despite the availability of established screening guidelines and traditional risk assessment models, existing approaches often fail to adequately account for the heterogeneity in T2DM susceptibility across populations. These models predominantly rely on clinical and demographic factors, resulting in suboptimal sensitivity and specificity, particularly in diverse, real-world settings. Advancements in genomics and machine learning (ML) offer transformative potential for improving early detection and prevention of T2DM. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) enable the quantification of genetic susceptibility, while ML models can integrate high-dimensional genetic, clinical, and lifestyle data to uncover complex risk patterns. However, the translation of these innovations into clinical practice remains hindered by data heterogeneity, limited validation in diverse populations, and the complexity of integrating genetic and metabolic factors into screening workflows.This dissertation aims to bridge critical gaps in T2DM risk prediction by developing a unified pipeline of genomic discovery, computational tool development, and ML frameworks to enhance precision screening and personalized prevention strategies. First, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and meta-analysis are conducted to investigate the genetic basis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), identifying novel loci, including a splicing quantitative trait locus in the Nidogen-1 (NID1) gene, which highlights the role of genetic factors in diabetes complications. Second, a versatile and cost-effective PRS calculator, AoUPRS, is developed to enable efficient genomic analyses tailored for the All of Us dataset, facilitating the integration of genetic risk scores into research and clinical practice. Third, a two-stage ML-based screening approach is proposed, integrating PRS with clinical and metabolic data. This screening model is designed to be adaptable to real-world electronic health record (EHR) data, capable of handling missingness, and validated across diverse populations.Together, these studies form a cohesive pipeline that bridges genomic discovery, computational tool development, and ML-driven screening, underscoring the potential of personalized medicine to advance early detection, improve risk prediction, and reduce disparities in T2DM outcomes.
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Statistics
일반주제명  
Epidemiology
키워드  
Machine learning
키워드  
Personalized screening
키워드  
Polygenic risk score
키워드  
Precision medicine
키워드  
Risk prediction
키워드  
Type 2 diabetes
기타저자  
The Scripps Research Institute Computational Biology/Bioinformatics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aPersonalizing  Type  2  Diabetes  Risk  Prediction
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Scripps  Research  Institute▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a112  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Torkamani,  Ali;Zorrilla,  Eric  P.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Scripps  Research  Institute,  2025.
■520    ▼aType  2  diabetes  mellitus  (T2DM)  is  a  rapidly  growing  public  health  crisis,  driven  by  both  modifiable  and  non-modifiable  risk  factors.  Its  rising  prevalence,  particularly  among  younger  populations,  places  a  substantial  burden  on  healthcare  systems,  with  global  and  national  costs  escalating  sharply  in  recent  years.  Despite  the  availability  of  established  screening  guidelines  and  traditional  risk  assessment  models,  existing  approaches  often  fail  to  adequately  account  for  the  heterogeneity  in  T2DM  susceptibility  across  populations.  These  models  predominantly  rely  on  clinical  and  demographic  factors,  resulting  in  suboptimal  sensitivity  and  specificity,  particularly  in  diverse,  real-world  settings.  Advancements  in  genomics  and  machine  learning  (ML)  offer  transformative  potential  for  improving  early  detection  and  prevention  of  T2DM.  Polygenic  risk  scores  (PRS)  enable  the  quantification  of  genetic  susceptibility,  while  ML  models  can  integrate  high-dimensional  genetic,  clinical,  and  lifestyle  data  to  uncover  complex  risk  patterns.  However,  the  translation  of  these  innovations  into  clinical  practice  remains  hindered  by  data  heterogeneity,  limited  validation  in  diverse  populations,  and  the  complexity  of  integrating  genetic  and  metabolic  factors  into  screening  workflows.This  dissertation  aims  to  bridge  critical  gaps  in  T2DM  risk  prediction  by  developing  a  unified  pipeline  of  genomic  discovery,  computational  tool  development,  and  ML  frameworks  to  enhance  precision  screening  and  personalized  prevention  strategies.  First,  a  genome-wide  association  study  (GWAS)  and  meta-analysis  are  conducted  to  investigate  the  genetic  basis  of  diabetic  kidney  disease  (DKD),  identifying  novel  loci,  including  a  splicing  quantitative  trait  locus  in  the  Nidogen-1  (NID1)  gene,  which  highlights  the  role  of  genetic  factors  in  diabetes  complications.  Second,  a  versatile  and  cost-effective  PRS  calculator,  AoUPRS,  is  developed  to  enable  efficient  genomic  analyses  tailored  for  the  All  of  Us  dataset,  facilitating  the  integration  of  genetic  risk  scores  into  research  and  clinical  practice.  Third,  a  two-stage  ML-based  screening  approach  is  proposed,  integrating  PRS  with  clinical  and  metabolic  data.  This  screening  model  is  designed  to  be  adaptable  to  real-world  electronic  health  record  (EHR)  data,  capable  of  handling  missingness,  and  validated  across  diverse  populations.Together,  these  studies  form  a  cohesive  pipeline  that  bridges  genomic  discovery,  computational  tool  development,  and  ML-driven  screening,  underscoring  the  potential  of  personalized  medicine  to  advance  early  detection,  improve  risk  prediction,  and  reduce  disparities  in  T2DM  outcomes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  1179.
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aStatistics
■650  4▼aEpidemiology
■653    ▼aMachine  learning
■653    ▼aPersonalized  screening
■653    ▼aPolygenic  risk  score
■653    ▼aPrecision  medicine
■653    ▼aRisk  prediction
■653    ▼aType  2  diabetes
■690    ▼a0715
■690    ▼a0766
■690    ▼a0463
■690    ▼a0573
■71020▼aThe  Scripps  Research  Institute▼bComputational  Biology/Bioinformatics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■790    ▼a1179
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357155▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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