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Quantifying the Fate and Transport of Energetic Compounds Through Bench Scale Experiments, Field Scale Observations, and Modeling
Quantifying the Fate and Transport of Energetic Compounds Through Bench Scale Experiments, Field Scale Observations, and Modeling
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103142
- ISBN
- 9798315735021
- DDC
- 577
- 저자명
- Karls, Benjamin.
- 서명/저자
- Quantifying the Fate and Transport of Energetic Compounds Through Bench Scale Experiments, Field Scale Observations, and Modeling
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The University of Arizona, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 160 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Dontsova, Katerina.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Arizona, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Energetic materials are used around the world in training operations and combat. When energetics munitions function as designed, most of their constituent compounds are expended leaving small amounts of residue on the soil surface. However, occasional low order detonations, also known as failed or incomplete detonations, can result in significant deposition of energetic material. The deposition of explosive contaminants in particulate form onto the soil surface during low-order detonations and continual regular use can lead to ground and surface water contamination. Understanding the fate and transport of these potentially toxic compounds is necessary to predict their environmental impacts. The recent introduction of insensitive munitions (IMX-104 and IMX-101), which are safer in handling than legacy munitions (Comp B and TNT), have resulted in the need to examine the environmental fate and transport of their constituent compounds. This dissertation presents a comprehensive approach to this problem by showcasing bench scale experiments, field scale observation, and modeling to quantify and predict their environmental behavior. In Chapter 2, I present an experimental study that explores the impact of overland flow and rill erosion on the transport of IMX-104 constituent compounds 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). In Chapter 3, I present a review that summarizes the current available information about factors affecting fate and transport of both legacy munitions (TNT [2,4,6-trinitrotoluene] and Comp B [TNT, RDX, and HMX]) and newer insensitive munitions (IMX-101 [DNAN, NTO, and NQ (nitroguanidine)] and IMX-104 [DNAN, NTO, and RDX]). This chapter suggests approaches for predicting site-specific parameters for their fate and transport in soils and in overland flow. Chapter 4 combines field observations of energetic compound deposition and transport in overland flow with modeling that predicts their fate and transport. The training range we worked with was Florence Military Reservation (FMR) in Florence, Arizona. By picking this field site we were able to explore the fate and transport of energetic compounds in arid environments, which is challenging to predict due to limited information and understanding.
- 일반주제명
- Environmental science
- 일반주제명
- Hydrologic sciences
- 일반주제명
- Chemistry
- 키워드
- Deposition
- 키워드
- Fate
- 키워드
- Modeling
- 키워드
- Surface runoff
- 키워드
- Transport
- 기타저자
- The University of Arizona Environmental Science
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202103142
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798315735021
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31994559
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a577
■1001 ▼aKarls, Benjamin.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-2873-5490
■24510▼aQuantifying the Fate and Transport of Energetic Compounds Through Bench Scale Experiments, Field Scale Observations, and Modeling
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe University of Arizona▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a160 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Dontsova, Katerina.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Arizona, 2025.
■520 ▼aEnergetic materials are used around the world in training operations and combat. When energetics munitions function as designed, most of their constituent compounds are expended leaving small amounts of residue on the soil surface. However, occasional low order detonations, also known as failed or incomplete detonations, can result in significant deposition of energetic material. The deposition of explosive contaminants in particulate form onto the soil surface during low-order detonations and continual regular use can lead to ground and surface water contamination. Understanding the fate and transport of these potentially toxic compounds is necessary to predict their environmental impacts. The recent introduction of insensitive munitions (IMX-104 and IMX-101), which are safer in handling than legacy munitions (Comp B and TNT), have resulted in the need to examine the environmental fate and transport of their constituent compounds. This dissertation presents a comprehensive approach to this problem by showcasing bench scale experiments, field scale observation, and modeling to quantify and predict their environmental behavior. In Chapter 2, I present an experimental study that explores the impact of overland flow and rill erosion on the transport of IMX-104 constituent compounds 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). In Chapter 3, I present a review that summarizes the current available information about factors affecting fate and transport of both legacy munitions (TNT [2,4,6-trinitrotoluene] and Comp B [TNT, RDX, and HMX]) and newer insensitive munitions (IMX-101 [DNAN, NTO, and NQ (nitroguanidine)] and IMX-104 [DNAN, NTO, and RDX]). This chapter suggests approaches for predicting site-specific parameters for their fate and transport in soils and in overland flow. Chapter 4 combines field observations of energetic compound deposition and transport in overland flow with modeling that predicts their fate and transport. The training range we worked with was Florence Military Reservation (FMR) in Florence, Arizona. By picking this field site we were able to explore the fate and transport of energetic compounds in arid environments, which is challenging to predict due to limited information and understanding.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0009.
■650 4▼aEnvironmental science
■650 4▼aHydrologic sciences
■650 4▼aChemistry
■653 ▼aDeposition
■653 ▼aEnergetic compounds
■653 ▼aFate
■653 ▼aModeling
■653 ▼aSurface runoff
■653 ▼aTransport
■690 ▼a0768
■690 ▼a0388
■690 ▼a0485
■71020▼aThe University of Arizona▼bEnvironmental Science.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-11B.
■790 ▼a0009
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357170▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
