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Expanding and Supporting the Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Workforce to Improve Health Outcomes for Communities and Patients with Language Needs
Expanding and Supporting the Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Workforce to Improve Health O...
Expanding and Supporting the Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Workforce to Improve Health Outcomes for Communities and Patients with Language Needs

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104804
ISBN  
9798288886195
DDC  
610.73
저자명  
Horton, Madison.
서명/저자  
Expanding and Supporting the Primary Care Nurse Practitioner Workforce to Improve Health Outcomes for Communities and Patients with Language Needs
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
145 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Poghosyan, Lusine.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The population with language needs in the U.S. has grown substantially due to increased immigration, language diversification, and persistent structural barriers to education and employment that perpetuate linguistic isolation. This demographic shift pressures healthcare systems to adapt and provide more language-accessible care, as patients with language needs experience worse health outcomes than English-proficient patients. Primary care involves continuous, coordinated healthcare services that range from preventive, routine, and chronic disease care management. Access to primary care services prevents unnecessary acute care utilization and promotes health equity for underserved populations, including those with language needs. However, increasing demands, workforce shortages, and unsupportive care environments within primary care practices serving patients with language needs challenge the delivery of high-quality primary care. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) are a fast-growing workforce of primary care providers who provide safe, high-quality care, especially to patients residing in underserved areas. Therefore, the NP workforce is well-positioned to help meet the increasing demand for primary care for those with language needs and make primary care more accessible in communities with language needs. When NPs work in supportive care environments, patients receive higher-quality care and have improved health outcomes; however, most NPs work in poor care environments, which may limit their ability to meet the language needs of communities and individuals. To our knowledge, no study has explored patient outcomes in NP primary care practices in communities with language needs or assessed how NP care environments influence differences in patient outcomes related to caring for patients with language needs. The dissertation aimed to address these gaps by evaluating the effectiveness of NPs as primary care providers for communities with language needs and identifying ways to best support NPs caring for patients with language needs to reduce health disparities. The overall purpose of this dissertation is to produce evidence on expanding and supporting the primary care NP workforce to improve health outcomes for communities and patients with language needs.In Chapter 1, we provide an overview of the unique healthcare needs of patients and communities with language needs and the role of NPs and supportive work environments in improving access to primary care and reducing reliance on acute care services. In Chapter 2, existing evidence on the impact of primary care service delivery on acute care utilization (emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and readmissions) and access to care for patients with LEP was synthesized. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Primary care services (i.e., interpreters, language-concordant providers, and telehealth) reduced ED utilization and readmissions for patients with LEP, but did not significantly impact hospitalizations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with LEP faced disparities in access to care. Our synthesis suggests that ensuring reliable access to language services in primary care practices is essential to meet the needs of patients with LEP and to reduce health disparities. In Chapter 3, we performed a secondary data analysis of an existing cross-sectional dataset containing information on Medicare beneficiaries, including demographic characteristics, ED and hospitalization use, and data on the percentage of households with LEP in communities where primary care practices are located. This was a merged dataset of Medicare data with American Community Survey data, resulting in a sample of 506,516 Medicare beneficiaries receiving primary care services at 895 NP-employing practices located in communities with varying percentages of households with LEP, ranging from 0.0% to 72.4%, We assessed whether the percentage of households with LEP in communities where NP primary care practices are located is associated with ED use and hospitalization among older adult patients receiving care at these practices. We found that receiving care at NP practices located in communities with a higher percentage of households with LEP was associated with a significantly lower incidence of ED visits and a marginally significantly lower incidence of hospitalizations among older adults. Our findings suggest that the NP workforce is essential to increasing access to primary care in LEP communities and reducing reliance on acute care services. In Chapter 4, we assessed how the NP work environment moderates the relationship between the likelihood of primary care practices caring for non-English speaking (NES) patients and ED visits and hospitalizations. Across 596,677 Medicare beneficiaries receiving care in 1,042 primary care practices, we found that as the NP work environment improved, the positive association between practices reporting a higher likelihood of caring for NES patients and higher acute care use weakened. Our findings provide novel evidence that improved NP work environments can significantly weaken or eliminate health disparities related to caring for NES patients. In Chapter 5, we conclude with a summary of the findings and provide practice, policy, and research implications aimed at enhancing the accessibility of health services to communities and patients with language needs and fostering more supportive NP care environments for safe and high-quality care. We also discuss the strengths and limitations of this dissertation.
일반주제명  
Nursing
일반주제명  
Communication
일반주제명  
Medical personnel
키워드  
Acute care utilization
키워드  
Language needs
키워드  
Nurse practitioner
키워드  
Primary care
기타저자  
Columbia University Nursing
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■24510▼aExpanding  and  Supporting  the  Primary  Care  Nurse  Practitioner  Workforce  to  Improve  Health  Outcomes  for  Communities  and  Patients  with  Language  Needs
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■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Poghosyan,  Lusine.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  population  with  language  needs  in  the  U.S.  has  grown  substantially  due  to  increased  immigration,  language  diversification,  and  persistent  structural  barriers  to  education  and  employment  that  perpetuate  linguistic  isolation.  This  demographic  shift  pressures  healthcare  systems  to  adapt  and  provide  more  language-accessible  care,  as  patients  with  language  needs  experience  worse  health  outcomes  than  English-proficient  patients.  Primary  care  involves  continuous,  coordinated  healthcare  services  that  range  from  preventive,  routine,  and  chronic  disease  care  management.  Access  to  primary  care  services  prevents  unnecessary  acute  care  utilization  and  promotes  health  equity  for  underserved  populations,  including  those  with  language  needs.  However,  increasing  demands,  workforce  shortages,  and  unsupportive  care  environments  within  primary  care  practices  serving  patients  with  language  needs  challenge  the  delivery  of  high-quality  primary  care.  Nurse  Practitioners  (NPs)  are  a  fast-growing  workforce  of  primary  care  providers  who  provide  safe,  high-quality  care,  especially  to  patients  residing  in  underserved  areas.  Therefore,  the  NP  workforce  is  well-positioned  to  help  meet  the  increasing  demand  for  primary  care  for  those  with  language  needs  and  make  primary  care  more  accessible  in  communities  with  language  needs.  When  NPs  work  in  supportive  care  environments,  patients  receive  higher-quality  care  and  have  improved  health  outcomes;  however,  most  NPs  work  in  poor  care  environments,  which  may  limit  their  ability  to  meet  the  language  needs  of  communities  and  individuals.  To  our  knowledge,  no  study  has  explored  patient  outcomes  in  NP  primary  care  practices  in  communities  with  language  needs  or  assessed  how  NP  care  environments  influence  differences  in  patient  outcomes  related  to  caring  for  patients  with  language  needs.  The  dissertation  aimed  to  address  these  gaps  by  evaluating  the  effectiveness  of  NPs  as  primary  care  providers  for  communities  with  language  needs  and  identifying  ways  to  best  support  NPs  caring  for  patients  with  language  needs  to  reduce  health  disparities.  The  overall  purpose  of  this  dissertation  is  to  produce  evidence  on  expanding  and  supporting  the  primary  care  NP  workforce  to  improve  health  outcomes  for  communities  and  patients  with  language  needs.In  Chapter  1,  we  provide  an  overview  of  the  unique  healthcare  needs  of  patients  and  communities  with  language  needs  and  the  role  of  NPs  and  supportive  work  environments  in  improving  access  to  primary  care  and  reducing  reliance  on  acute  care  services.  In  Chapter  2,  existing  evidence  on  the  impact  of  primary  care  service  delivery  on  acute  care  utilization  (emergency  department  (ED)  visits,  hospitalizations,  and  readmissions)  and  access  to  care  for  patients  with  LEP  was  synthesized.  Nine  studies  met  the  inclusion  criteria.  Primary  care  services  (i.e.,  interpreters,  language-concordant  providers,  and  telehealth)  reduced  ED  utilization  and  readmissions  for  patients  with  LEP,  but  did  not  significantly  impact  hospitalizations.  During  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  patients  with  LEP  faced  disparities  in  access  to  care.  Our  synthesis  suggests  that  ensuring  reliable  access  to  language  services  in  primary  care  practices  is  essential  to  meet  the  needs  of  patients  with  LEP  and  to  reduce  health  disparities.  In  Chapter  3,  we  performed  a  secondary  data  analysis  of  an  existing  cross-sectional  dataset  containing  information  on  Medicare  beneficiaries,  including  demographic  characteristics,  ED  and  hospitalization  use,  and  data  on  the  percentage  of  households  with  LEP  in  communities  where  primary  care  practices  are  located.  This  was  a  merged  dataset  of  Medicare  data  with  American  Community  Survey  data,  resulting  in  a  sample  of  506,516  Medicare  beneficiaries  receiving  primary  care  services  at  895  NP-employing  practices  located  in  communities  with  varying  percentages  of  households  with  LEP,  ranging  from  0.0%  to  72.4%,  We  assessed  whether  the  percentage  of  households  with  LEP  in  communities  where  NP  primary  care  practices  are  located  is  associated  with  ED  use  and  hospitalization  among  older  adult  patients  receiving  care  at  these  practices.  We  found  that  receiving  care  at  NP  practices  located  in  communities  with  a  higher  percentage  of  households  with  LEP  was  associated  with  a  significantly  lower  incidence  of  ED  visits  and  a  marginally  significantly  lower  incidence  of  hospitalizations  among  older  adults.  Our  findings  suggest  that  the  NP  workforce  is  essential  to  increasing  access  to  primary  care  in  LEP  communities  and  reducing  reliance  on  acute  care  services.  In  Chapter  4,  we  assessed  how  the  NP  work  environment  moderates  the  relationship  between  the  likelihood  of  primary  care  practices  caring  for  non-English  speaking  (NES)  patients  and  ED  visits  and  hospitalizations.  Across  596,677  Medicare  beneficiaries  receiving  care  in  1,042  primary  care  practices,  we  found  that  as  the  NP  work  environment  improved,  the  positive  association  between  practices  reporting  a  higher  likelihood  of  caring  for  NES  patients  and  higher  acute  care  use  weakened.  Our  findings  provide  novel  evidence  that  improved  NP  work  environments  can  significantly  weaken  or  eliminate  health  disparities  related  to  caring  for  NES  patients.  In  Chapter  5,  we  conclude  with  a  summary  of  the  findings  and  provide  practice,  policy,  and  research  implications  aimed  at  enhancing  the  accessibility  of  health  services  to  communities  and  patients  with  language  needs  and  fostering  more  supportive  NP  care  environments  for  safe  and  high-quality  care.  We  also  discuss  the  strengths  and  limitations  of  this  dissertation.
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■650  4▼aNursing
■650  4▼aCommunication
■650  4▼aMedical  personnel
■653    ▼aAcute  care  utilization
■653    ▼aLanguage  needs
■653    ▼aNurse  practitioner
■653    ▼aPrimary  care
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■690    ▼a0459
■690    ▼a0207
■690    ▼a0769
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bNursing.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358875▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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