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Wildfire Smoke Exposure and Poor Health Outcomes Among People Who Are Incarcerated in California and Oregon
Wildfire Smoke Exposure and Poor Health Outcomes Among People Who Are Incarcerated in Cali...
Wildfire Smoke Exposure and Poor Health Outcomes Among People Who Are Incarcerated in California and Oregon

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104805
ISBN  
9798291556108
DDC  
614.4
저자명  
Cowan, Kristen N.
서명/저자  
Wildfire Smoke Exposure and Poor Health Outcomes Among People Who Are Incarcerated in California and Oregon
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
141 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Engel, Lawrence.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Wildfires are becoming more frequent and widespread due to climate change, yet limited research has examined their health impacts on vulnerable populations living near fires or working in wildfire response. Wildfire smoke exposure is linked to cardiovascular disease, asthma and COPD exacerbations, respiratory infections, and all-cause mortality. Incarcerated individuals may face heightened risks due to minimal protections during wildfires, lack of evacuation plans, limited ventilation, and their involvement in firefighting efforts. Incarceration is also associated with poorer health, driven by higher rates of chronic and mental illness and reduced access to care. These factors-combined with limited autonomy and inadequate healthcare-may increase vulnerability to wildfire smoke. However, no studies have assessed wildfire health impacts in incarcerated populations. To address this gap, I linked healthcare utilization data from California and Oregon with demographic data on incarcerated and non-incarcerated populations and modeled wildfire smoke exposure. This work describes spatial patterns of smoke exposure for incarcerated people in California and estimates associations between wildfire-attributable PM2.5 and hospitalization risk. My first aim found that across the state of California, census tracts with incarcerated people living in them do have heightened wildfire-attributable PM2.5 exposures and a large proportion of California's incarcerated population (50%) resides in places that are highly exposed to higher levels of long-term wildfire-attributable PM2.5 than non-incarcerated people. In my second aim, novel methodology for identifying people who are incarcerated in patient discharge data expanded upon use of only the ICD codes for incarceration by using additional variables such as the source of admission and the Zip-code of residence to improve the inclusivity for identifying carceral status in claims data. Finally, in my case-crossover analysis examining the associations between wildfire smoke exposure and hospitalizations among incarcerated people in California (2010-2019) and Oregon (2009-2019), significant associations were observed between 0-2 and 0-3 day-lag wildfire smoke and acute respiratory failure, as well for 0-5 and 0-7 day lag and overdose. Action should be taken to develop wildfire preparedness plans that consider evacuation needs, to measure wildfire smoke in carceral facilities and to monitor health risks among people with chronic conditions who are incarcerated.
일반주제명  
Epidemiology
일반주제명  
Environmental justice
일반주제명  
Geography
일반주제명  
Public health
키워드  
Air pollution
키워드  
Environmental epidemiology
키워드  
Incarceration
키워드  
Spatial epidemiology
키워드  
Wildfires
기타저자  
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Epidemiology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aCowan,  Kristen  N.
■24510▼aWildfire  Smoke  Exposure  and  Poor  Health  Outcomes  Among  People  Who  Are  Incarcerated  in  California  and  Oregon
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Engel,  Lawrence.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill,  2025.
■520    ▼aWildfires  are  becoming  more  frequent  and  widespread  due  to  climate  change,  yet  limited  research  has  examined  their  health  impacts  on  vulnerable  populations  living  near  fires  or  working  in  wildfire  response.  Wildfire  smoke  exposure  is  linked  to  cardiovascular  disease,  asthma  and  COPD  exacerbations,  respiratory  infections,  and  all-cause  mortality.  Incarcerated  individuals  may  face  heightened  risks  due  to  minimal  protections  during  wildfires,  lack  of  evacuation  plans,  limited  ventilation,  and  their  involvement  in  firefighting  efforts.  Incarceration  is  also  associated  with  poorer  health,  driven  by  higher  rates  of  chronic  and  mental  illness  and  reduced  access  to  care.  These  factors-combined  with  limited  autonomy  and  inadequate  healthcare-may  increase  vulnerability  to  wildfire  smoke.  However,  no  studies  have  assessed  wildfire  health  impacts  in  incarcerated  populations.  To  address  this  gap,  I  linked  healthcare  utilization  data  from  California  and  Oregon  with  demographic  data  on  incarcerated  and  non-incarcerated  populations  and  modeled  wildfire  smoke  exposure.  This  work  describes  spatial  patterns  of  smoke  exposure  for  incarcerated  people  in  California  and  estimates  associations  between  wildfire-attributable  PM2.5  and  hospitalization  risk.  My  first  aim  found  that  across  the  state  of  California,  census  tracts  with  incarcerated  people  living  in  them  do  have  heightened  wildfire-attributable  PM2.5  exposures  and  a  large  proportion  of  California's  incarcerated  population  (50%)  resides  in  places  that  are  highly  exposed  to  higher  levels  of  long-term  wildfire-attributable  PM2.5  than  non-incarcerated  people.  In  my  second  aim,  novel  methodology  for  identifying  people  who  are  incarcerated  in  patient  discharge  data  expanded  upon  use  of  only  the  ICD  codes  for  incarceration  by  using  additional  variables  such  as  the  source  of  admission  and  the  Zip-code  of  residence  to  improve  the  inclusivity  for  identifying  carceral  status  in  claims  data.  Finally,  in  my  case-crossover  analysis  examining  the  associations  between  wildfire  smoke  exposure  and  hospitalizations  among  incarcerated  people  in  California  (2010-2019)  and  Oregon  (2009-2019),  significant  associations  were  observed  between  0-2  and  0-3  day-lag  wildfire  smoke  and  acute  respiratory  failure,  as  well  for  0-5  and  0-7  day  lag  and  overdose.  Action  should  be  taken  to  develop  wildfire  preparedness  plans  that  consider  evacuation  needs,  to  measure  wildfire  smoke  in  carceral  facilities  and  to  monitor  health  risks  among  people  with  chronic  conditions  who  are  incarcerated.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0153.
■650  4▼aEpidemiology
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  justice
■650  4▼aGeography
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■653    ▼aAir  pollution
■653    ▼aEnvironmental  epidemiology
■653    ▼aIncarceration
■653    ▼aSpatial  epidemiology
■653    ▼aWildfires
■690    ▼a0766
■690    ▼a0619
■690    ▼a0366
■690    ▼a0573
■71020▼aThe  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill▼bEpidemiology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0153
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358882▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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