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Understanding Regional Aerosol Variability and Trends Through Satellite Constraints on Source Region Drivers and Arctic Processes
Understanding Regional Aerosol Variability and Trends Through Satellite Constraints on Sou...
Understanding Regional Aerosol Variability and Trends Through Satellite Constraints on Source Region Drivers and Arctic Processes

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105141
ISBN  
9798293839407
DDC  
551.5
저자명  
Smith, Sarah Elise.
서명/저자  
Understanding Regional Aerosol Variability and Trends Through Satellite Constraints on Source Region Drivers and Arctic Processes
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
136 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Wu, Yutian;Ting, Mingfang.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Globally, aerosols exert a strong influence on Earth's energy balance by absorbing or reflecting solar radiation, and modifying cloud radiative characteristics. However, both global and regional radiative effects from aerosol remain highly uncertain, both in the present climate and under future emissions scenarios. In the present climate, some of that uncertainty arises from poor constraints on the variability of aerosol loadings in space and time. This is especially true in remote regions like the Arctic, where observations are sparse. As aerosol radiative effects depend on factors such as solar insolation, temperature, surface albedo, and moisture availability---all of which also vary across regions and seasons---improving constraints on the spatiotemporal variability of aerosol within remote regions, and the processes governing that variability, is an important step for understanding the energy budget in such locations. The Arctic in particular is both highly sensitive to variations in radiative forcing, and also shapes important feedbacks that affect the rest of the global climate. Hence, constraints on the processes governing aerosol variability in this region are especially important for understanding both the regional energy balance and the long term effects of Arctic warming on the broader climate system. In populated, industrial regions, observations are less limited, but uncertainty surrounding future aerosol impacts arises from challenges disentangling natural and anthropogenic signals, as well as scenario uncertainty stemming from the inherent unpredictability of human activities. Recent air pollution regulations in many countries have produced multi-year declines in anthropogenic emissions. At the same time, increasing summertime emissions from wildfires have changed the chemical and seasonal distribution of global and regional aerosol burdens. In the near-future, anticipated further declines in industrial emissions are expected to unmask additional warming from greenhouse gases. However, such declines are likely to be regionally in homogenous, and the extent to which political and social changes influence local emissions remains difficult to predict. Lockdown periods during the COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to examine the effects of lifestyle changes on aerosol burdens, globally and in different source regions, and to disentangle the effects of societal changes from long-term trends and natural sources of variability. Satellite observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) are widely used for assessing variability and trends in global and regional aerosol burdens, providing high resolution, long-term coverage across much of the globe. Indeed, these data products play a central role in this dissertation. However, over the course of my research I found that many satellite and reanalysis AOD products exhibited a seasonal cycle opposite to that found in ground-based station measures and satellite lidar products, over the mid to high latitudes. This discrepancy suggests that biases in retrieval processing may be distorting representations of seasonality in these regions. Understanding the causes of these biases and assessing the magnitude of their effects is an important step toward improving aerosol characterization in future research, while also offering an opportunity to address fundamental questions in remote sensing.In Chapters 2 and 3 of this dissertation, I use satellite observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) to examine the processes governing aerosol spatiotemporal variability in the Arctic, and to disentangle the effects of long-term trends, natural variability, and pandemic-related lifestyle changes on source region aerosol burdens over the first year of the pandemic. In Chapter 4, I assess the extent to which sampling biases, data quality, retrieval geometry, and lidar retrieval artifacts contribute to the biases in seasonality described above. To address the first question, I applied a K-Means clustering algorithm to monthly median (2007-2021) Arctic AODs, finding four distinct aerosol seasonality regimes. The subregions corresponding to each regime exhibited distinct topographic, ecological, and meteorological characteristics that likely affect transport, emissions, and deposition. This chapter constrains aerosol variability in the Arctic and identifies potential drivers of subregional variations in seasonality.To understand the role of lifestyle changes on regional aerosol burdens, I compared the effects of the pandemic lockdowns with long-term trends and variations in AOD from natural aerosol sources, such as dust and smoke, in four major Northern Hemisphere source regions. I found that in most regions, the lockdown-signature was smaller than the effects of long-term trends. In one region (India), natural variability from dust emissions eclipsed the lockdown-signature by an order of magnitude, while smoke emissions from wildfires in the Western United States (US) masked pandemic-signatures in both the US and Europe in the later part of the year. These findings suggest that emissions changes resulting from individual lifestyle changes may play a relatively minor role in shaping global and regional aerosol burdens, and that policy-driven changes, climate change feedbacks, and natural variability in aerosol emissions may exert greater influence on future aerosol trends and their associated climate impacts. Finally, in Chapter 4 I use colocated retrievals from lidar and a passive sensor instrument to show that seasonality biases between data products arise from the interplay between passive sensor retrieval quality and retrieval geometry. Specifically, passive sensor retrievals flagged as "low-quality" declined relative to lidar measures as the solar zenith angle (SZA) increased, while those flagged as "high-quality" remained stable. In the winter in the mid to high latitudes, "low-quality" retrievals predominate and the SZA is high, resulting in systematically lower average passive sensor AODs. In contrast, the NH summer is characterized primarily by "high-quality" retrievals at most latitudes, such that aggregate products maintain a constant high bias relative to lidar. I further demonstrate that the drivers of globally low biases in lidar products do not vary with solar geometry, and that the effects of sampling biases on seasonality are small compared to the combined influence of retrieval quality and the SZA on passive sensor retrievals. The findings described in Chapter 4 will help data users interpret measurements of Arctic and midlatitude aerosol in different seasons, while also contributing to improved constraints on satellite retrievals of reflectance and AOD under complex viewing conditions.
일반주제명  
Atmospheric sciences
일반주제명  
Remote sensing
일반주제명  
Meteorology
일반주제명  
Climate change
키워드  
Aerosol
키워드  
Climate
키워드  
Clouds
키워드  
Emissions
키워드  
Machine learning
기타저자  
Columbia University Earth and Environmental Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aSmith,  Sarah  Elise.
■24510▼aUnderstanding  Regional  Aerosol  Variability  and  Trends  Through  Satellite  Constraints  on  Source  Region  Drivers  and  Arctic  Processes
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Wu,  Yutian;Ting,  Mingfang.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aGlobally,  aerosols  exert  a  strong  influence  on  Earth's  energy  balance  by  absorbing  or  reflecting  solar  radiation,  and  modifying  cloud  radiative  characteristics.  However,  both  global  and  regional  radiative  effects  from  aerosol  remain  highly  uncertain,  both  in  the  present  climate  and  under  future  emissions  scenarios.  In  the  present  climate,  some  of  that  uncertainty  arises  from  poor  constraints  on  the  variability  of  aerosol  loadings  in  space  and  time.  This  is  especially  true  in  remote  regions  like  the  Arctic,  where  observations  are  sparse.  As  aerosol  radiative  effects  depend  on  factors  such  as  solar  insolation,  temperature,  surface  albedo,  and  moisture  availability---all  of  which  also  vary  across  regions  and  seasons---improving  constraints  on  the  spatiotemporal  variability  of  aerosol  within  remote  regions,  and  the  processes  governing  that  variability,  is  an  important  step  for  understanding  the  energy  budget  in  such  locations.  The  Arctic  in  particular  is  both  highly  sensitive  to  variations  in  radiative  forcing,  and  also  shapes  important  feedbacks  that  affect  the  rest  of  the  global  climate.  Hence,  constraints  on  the  processes  governing  aerosol  variability  in  this  region  are  especially  important  for  understanding  both  the  regional  energy  balance  and  the  long  term  effects  of  Arctic  warming  on  the  broader  climate  system.  In  populated,  industrial  regions,  observations  are  less  limited,  but  uncertainty  surrounding  future  aerosol  impacts  arises  from  challenges  disentangling  natural  and  anthropogenic  signals,  as  well  as  scenario  uncertainty  stemming  from  the  inherent  unpredictability  of  human  activities.  Recent  air  pollution  regulations  in  many  countries  have  produced  multi-year  declines  in  anthropogenic  emissions.  At  the  same  time,  increasing  summertime  emissions  from  wildfires  have  changed  the  chemical  and  seasonal  distribution  of  global  and  regional  aerosol  burdens.  In  the  near-future,  anticipated  further  declines  in  industrial  emissions  are  expected  to  unmask  additional  warming  from  greenhouse  gases.  However,  such  declines  are  likely  to  be  regionally  in  homogenous,  and  the  extent  to  which  political  and  social  changes  influence  local  emissions  remains  difficult  to  predict.  Lockdown  periods  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic  provided  an  opportunity  to  examine  the  effects  of  lifestyle  changes  on  aerosol  burdens,  globally  and  in  different  source  regions,  and  to  disentangle  the  effects  of  societal  changes  from  long-term  trends  and  natural  sources  of  variability.  Satellite  observations  of  aerosol  optical  depth  (AOD)  are  widely  used  for  assessing  variability  and  trends  in  global  and  regional  aerosol  burdens,  providing  high  resolution,  long-term  coverage  across  much  of  the  globe.  Indeed,  these  data  products  play  a  central  role  in  this  dissertation.  However,  over  the  course  of  my  research  I  found  that  many  satellite  and  reanalysis  AOD  products  exhibited  a  seasonal  cycle  opposite  to  that  found  in  ground-based  station  measures  and  satellite  lidar  products,  over  the  mid  to  high  latitudes.  This  discrepancy  suggests  that  biases  in  retrieval  processing  may  be  distorting  representations  of  seasonality  in  these  regions.  Understanding  the  causes  of  these  biases  and  assessing  the  magnitude  of  their  effects  is  an  important  step  toward  improving  aerosol  characterization  in  future  research,  while  also  offering  an  opportunity  to  address  fundamental  questions  in  remote  sensing.In  Chapters  2  and  3  of  this  dissertation,  I  use  satellite  observations  of  aerosol  optical  depth  (AOD)  to  examine  the  processes  governing  aerosol  spatiotemporal  variability  in  the  Arctic,  and  to  disentangle  the  effects  of  long-term  trends,  natural  variability,  and  pandemic-related  lifestyle  changes  on  source  region  aerosol  burdens  over  the  first  year  of  the  pandemic.  In  Chapter  4,  I  assess  the  extent  to  which  sampling  biases,  data  quality,  retrieval  geometry,  and  lidar  retrieval  artifacts  contribute  to  the  biases  in  seasonality  described  above.  To  address  the  first  question,  I  applied  a  K-Means  clustering  algorithm  to  monthly  median  (2007-2021)  Arctic  AODs,  finding  four  distinct  aerosol  seasonality  regimes.  The  subregions  corresponding  to  each  regime  exhibited  distinct  topographic,  ecological,  and  meteorological  characteristics  that  likely  affect  transport,  emissions,  and  deposition.  This  chapter  constrains  aerosol  variability  in  the  Arctic  and  identifies  potential  drivers  of  subregional  variations  in  seasonality.To  understand  the  role  of  lifestyle  changes  on  regional  aerosol  burdens,  I  compared  the  effects  of  the  pandemic  lockdowns  with  long-term  trends  and  variations  in  AOD  from  natural  aerosol  sources,  such  as  dust  and  smoke,  in  four  major  Northern  Hemisphere  source  regions.  I  found  that  in  most  regions,  the  lockdown-signature  was  smaller  than  the  effects  of  long-term  trends.  In  one  region  (India),  natural  variability  from  dust  emissions  eclipsed  the  lockdown-signature  by  an  order  of  magnitude,  while  smoke  emissions  from  wildfires  in  the  Western  United  States  (US)  masked  pandemic-signatures  in  both  the  US  and  Europe  in  the  later  part  of  the  year.  These  findings  suggest  that  emissions  changes  resulting  from  individual  lifestyle  changes  may  play  a  relatively  minor  role  in  shaping  global  and  regional  aerosol  burdens,  and  that  policy-driven  changes,  climate  change  feedbacks,  and  natural  variability  in  aerosol  emissions  may  exert  greater  influence  on  future  aerosol  trends  and  their  associated  climate  impacts.  Finally,  in  Chapter  4  I  use  colocated  retrievals  from  lidar  and  a  passive  sensor  instrument  to  show  that  seasonality  biases  between  data  products  arise  from  the  interplay  between  passive  sensor  retrieval  quality  and  retrieval  geometry.  Specifically,  passive  sensor  retrievals  flagged  as  "low-quality"  declined  relative  to  lidar  measures  as  the  solar  zenith  angle  (SZA)  increased,  while  those  flagged  as  "high-quality"  remained  stable.  In  the  winter  in  the  mid  to  high  latitudes,  "low-quality"  retrievals  predominate  and  the  SZA  is  high,  resulting  in  systematically  lower  average  passive  sensor  AODs.  In  contrast,  the  NH  summer  is  characterized  primarily  by  "high-quality"  retrievals  at  most  latitudes,  such  that  aggregate  products  maintain  a  constant  high  bias  relative  to  lidar.  I  further  demonstrate  that  the  drivers  of  globally  low  biases  in  lidar  products  do  not  vary  with  solar  geometry,  and  that  the  effects  of  sampling  biases  on  seasonality  are  small  compared  to  the  combined  influence  of  retrieval  quality  and  the  SZA  on  passive  sensor  retrievals.  The  findings  described  in  Chapter  4  will  help  data  users  interpret  measurements  of  Arctic  and  midlatitude  aerosol  in  different  seasons,  while  also  contributing  to  improved  constraints  on  satellite  retrievals  of  reflectance  and  AOD  under  complex  viewing  conditions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences
■650  4▼aRemote  sensing
■650  4▼aMeteorology
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■653    ▼aAerosol
■653    ▼aClimate
■653    ▼aClouds
■653    ▼aEmissions
■653    ▼aMachine  learning
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0799
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0557
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bEarth  and  Environmental  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359578▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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