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Essays in Historical Political Economy of Development
Essays in Historical Political Economy of Development
Essays in Historical Political Economy of Development

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105416
ISBN  
9798293893195
DDC  
320
저자명  
Bacherikov, Pavel.
서명/저자  
Essays in Historical Political Economy of Development
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
97 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Xu, Guo.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation consists of three essays on political economy and economic history. While the settings considered in each chapter are separated in time and space, all three studies are motivated by a shared research interest in the underlying political economy of development in historical perspective. Whether studying the welfare implications of the Russian colonization of indigenous nomadic lands in Central Asia over 1890s-1918 (Chapter 1), productivity and labor market consequences of the feudal pomestie reform in Russia in 15th-16th centuries (Chapter 2), or the political economy of anti-usury ecclesiastical legislation and the consequences of its enforcement on urban development in Europe in 12th-16th centuries (Chapter 3), this dissertation aims to shed light on the role the state, the elites, and various interest groups play in shaping and implementing developmental policies and regulations.In Chapter 1, I study how a sharp exogenous increase in land pressure resulting from massive land expropriations and in-migrations of peasant-settlers organized by the Russian colonial authorities in the late 19th and early 20th century affected social structures and economic activities of indigenous nomadic pastoralists in Central Asia. I assemble a novel household level dataset constructed from two waves of Russian colonial censuses of nomadic population in 1896-1901 and 1908-1913 combined with hand-collected data from archival plot-level annual land expropriation reports that, together with landuse-based expropriation rule, allow me to use fuzzy regression discontinuity design to show that those nomadic households that experienced expropriations between ca. 1897 and ca. 1908 were more likely to partially sedentarize and intensify the use of the most fertile lands they were left with. Within extended households and beyond, an increase in land pressure facilitated the development of more individualized ownership and use rights for land, as well as gave rise to contractual labor market and rental market for land. Such a shift from pastoralism to semi-sedentary mode of production rapidly reduced the importance of top-level clan and tribe institutions traditionally regulating the use of common pastures. Instead, lower level sub-clan self-identification became more salient, households started to invest more in agricultural tools and construction of permanent buildings.Feudalism was the dominant system of land ownership throughout medieval Europe, yet little causal evidence of its effect on agricultural productivity, labor markets, and welfare exists. Chapter 2 of this dissertation attempts to fill this gap by studying one of the largest late medieval land reforms, the feudal pomestie reform in Russia. In 1478, the Grand Prince of Moscow Ivan III annexed the Republic of Novgorod. By ca. 1488, he expropriated most of the landed properties there. More than half of them were eventually granted to several thousand Muscovite military class people as fiefs. Using data from 1478-1500 tax cadasters (called pistsovye knigi), I show that, compared to estates that remained under status quo (allodial or freehold tenure), properties that were feudalized by 1490 and granted to new proprietors experienced a sharp decline in levels of grain productivity and total grain yield by 1500. I also demonstrate that (i) feudalization caused outmigration of tenant households and workers from affected estates, (ii) feudalized estates generated lower per capita incomes by 1576/77, and (iii) had higher incidence of sharecropping and lower levels of commercialized handicrafts by 1790.In Chapter 3, I study whether European cities that hosted merchant-moneylenders collectively known as Lombards grew faster than cities without these financial establishments in Europe between 1100 and 1550. Since the late 12th century, amid massive demographic growth, political consolidation, and increase in intra-European trade, hundreds of Italian merchant-moneylenders migrated across the Alps from Lombardy and Piedmont, creating a network of banking establishments across hundreds of cities and towns in the Kingdom of France, England, and the Holy Roman Empire. In 1274, in response to these rapid changes of financial markets, Pope Gregory X writes and promulgates the Usurarum Voraginem decree which called upon secular lords to expel foreign professional usurers and-for the first time-outlined punishments for hesitant authorities. Using difference-in-differences design and newly collected archival data on nobel concessions, financial contracts, and ecclesiastical legislation referencing anti-usury provisions of the Usurarum Voraginem decree, paired with a high-frequency proxy for local economic activity-hand-collected data on all major city-level construction events in 1100-1550 for 4,035 European cities-I find that cities that hosted Lombard establishments at some point during the study period experienced 6.4-6.7% more construction activity over contemporaneous 25-year-long period. An instrumental variable strategy that leverages local variation in ecclesiastical attitudes towards usury yields estimates of similar magnitude, suggesting that Lombards were not (or weren't able to) strategically selecting faster-growing cities when choosing their main place of residence.
일반주제명  
Political science
키워드  
Colonization
키워드  
Economic history
키워드  
Feudalism
키워드  
Lombards
키워드  
Russia
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Business Administration PhD Program
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32236123
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
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■1001  ▼aBacherikov,  Pavel.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Historical  Political  Economy  of  Development
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a97  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Xu,  Guo.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  consists  of  three  essays  on  political  economy  and  economic  history.  While  the  settings  considered  in  each  chapter  are  separated  in  time  and  space,  all  three  studies  are  motivated  by  a  shared  research  interest  in  the  underlying  political  economy  of  development  in  historical  perspective.  Whether  studying  the  welfare  implications  of  the  Russian  colonization  of  indigenous  nomadic  lands  in  Central  Asia  over  1890s-1918  (Chapter  1),  productivity  and  labor  market  consequences  of  the  feudal  pomestie  reform  in  Russia  in  15th-16th  centuries  (Chapter  2),  or  the  political  economy  of  anti-usury  ecclesiastical  legislation  and  the  consequences  of  its  enforcement  on  urban  development  in  Europe  in  12th-16th  centuries  (Chapter  3),  this  dissertation  aims  to  shed  light  on  the  role  the  state,  the  elites,  and  various  interest  groups  play  in  shaping  and  implementing  developmental  policies  and  regulations.In  Chapter  1,  I  study  how  a  sharp  exogenous  increase  in  land  pressure  resulting  from  massive  land  expropriations  and  in-migrations  of  peasant-settlers  organized  by  the  Russian  colonial  authorities  in  the  late  19th  and  early  20th  century  affected  social  structures  and  economic  activities  of  indigenous  nomadic  pastoralists  in  Central  Asia.  I  assemble  a  novel  household  level  dataset  constructed  from  two  waves  of  Russian  colonial  censuses  of  nomadic  population  in  1896-1901  and  1908-1913  combined  with  hand-collected  data  from  archival  plot-level  annual  land  expropriation  reports  that,  together  with  landuse-based  expropriation  rule,  allow  me  to  use  fuzzy  regression  discontinuity  design  to  show  that  those  nomadic  households  that  experienced  expropriations  between  ca.  1897  and  ca.  1908  were  more  likely  to  partially  sedentarize  and  intensify  the  use  of  the  most  fertile  lands  they  were  left  with.  Within  extended  households  and  beyond,  an  increase  in  land  pressure  facilitated  the  development  of  more  individualized  ownership  and  use  rights  for  land,  as  well  as  gave  rise  to  contractual  labor  market  and  rental  market  for  land.  Such  a  shift  from  pastoralism  to  semi-sedentary  mode  of  production  rapidly  reduced  the  importance  of  top-level  clan  and  tribe  institutions  traditionally  regulating  the  use  of  common  pastures.  Instead,  lower  level  sub-clan  self-identification  became  more  salient,  households  started  to  invest  more  in  agricultural  tools  and  construction  of  permanent  buildings.Feudalism  was  the  dominant  system  of  land  ownership  throughout  medieval  Europe,  yet  little  causal  evidence  of  its  effect  on  agricultural  productivity,  labor  markets,  and  welfare  exists.  Chapter  2  of  this  dissertation  attempts  to  fill  this  gap  by  studying  one  of  the  largest  late  medieval  land  reforms,  the  feudal  pomestie  reform  in  Russia.  In  1478,  the  Grand  Prince  of  Moscow  Ivan  III  annexed  the  Republic  of  Novgorod.  By  ca.  1488,  he  expropriated  most  of  the  landed  properties  there.  More  than  half  of  them  were  eventually  granted  to  several  thousand  Muscovite  military  class  people  as  fiefs.  Using  data  from  1478-1500  tax  cadasters  (called  pistsovye  knigi),  I  show  that,  compared  to  estates  that  remained  under  status  quo  (allodial  or  freehold  tenure),  properties  that  were  feudalized  by  1490  and  granted  to  new  proprietors  experienced  a  sharp  decline  in  levels  of  grain  productivity  and  total  grain  yield  by  1500.  I  also  demonstrate  that  (i)  feudalization  caused  outmigration  of  tenant  households  and  workers  from  affected  estates,  (ii)  feudalized  estates  generated  lower  per  capita  incomes  by  1576/77,  and  (iii)  had  higher  incidence  of  sharecropping  and  lower  levels  of  commercialized  handicrafts  by  1790.In  Chapter  3,  I  study  whether  European  cities  that  hosted  merchant-moneylenders  collectively  known  as  Lombards  grew  faster  than  cities  without  these  financial  establishments  in  Europe  between  1100  and  1550.  Since  the  late  12th  century,  amid  massive  demographic  growth,  political  consolidation,  and  increase  in  intra-European  trade,  hundreds  of  Italian  merchant-moneylenders  migrated  across  the  Alps  from  Lombardy  and  Piedmont,  creating  a  network  of  banking  establishments  across  hundreds  of  cities  and  towns  in  the  Kingdom  of  France,  England,  and  the  Holy  Roman  Empire.  In  1274,  in  response  to  these  rapid  changes  of  financial  markets,  Pope  Gregory  X  writes  and  promulgates  the  Usurarum  Voraginem  decree  which  called  upon  secular  lords  to  expel  foreign  professional  usurers  and-for  the  first  time-outlined  punishments  for  hesitant  authorities.  Using  difference-in-differences  design  and  newly  collected  archival  data  on  nobel  concessions,  financial  contracts,  and  ecclesiastical  legislation  referencing  anti-usury  provisions  of  the  Usurarum  Voraginem  decree,  paired  with  a  high-frequency  proxy  for  local  economic  activity-hand-collected  data  on  all  major  city-level  construction  events  in  1100-1550  for  4,035  European  cities-I  find  that  cities  that  hosted  Lombard  establishments  at  some  point  during  the  study  period  experienced  6.4-6.7%  more  construction  activity  over  contemporaneous  25-year-long  period.  An  instrumental  variable  strategy  that  leverages  local  variation  in  ecclesiastical  attitudes  towards  usury  yields  estimates  of  similar  magnitude,  suggesting  that  Lombards  were  not  (or  weren't  able  to)  strategically  selecting  faster-growing  cities  when  choosing  their  main  place  of  residence.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■653    ▼aColonization
■653    ▼aEconomic  history
■653    ▼aFeudalism
■653    ▼aLombards
■653    ▼aRussia
■690    ▼a0310
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0615
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bBusiness  Administration,  Ph.D.  Program.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04A.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360270▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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