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T Cell-Mediated Mechanisms in Autoimmune Diseases: Epigenetic Regulation by UTX in Type 1 Diabetes and Clonal Dynamics in Chronic Inflammatory Neuropathy
T Cell-Mediated Mechanisms in Autoimmune Diseases: Epigenetic Regulation by UTX in Type 1 ...
T Cell-Mediated Mechanisms in Autoimmune Diseases: Epigenetic Regulation by UTX in Type 1 Diabetes and Clonal Dynamics in Chronic Inflammatory Neuropathy

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105145
ISBN  
9798293834778
DDC  
616.079
저자명  
Chen, Ho-Chung.
서명/저자  
T Cell-Mediated Mechanisms in Autoimmune Diseases: Epigenetic Regulation by UTX in Type 1 Diabetes and Clonal Dynamics in Chronic Inflammatory Neuropathy
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
106 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Su, Maureen An-Ping.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) and autoimmune neuropathies, including chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), can both have a devastating effect on a patient's quality of life as they represent an integrated systems approach to a complex negative health outcome characterized by multifaceted pathogenic mechanisms and lack of therapeutic interventions. T1D has an unrelenting autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells leading to continued and life-long insulin dependence along with high rates of life-threatening complications. CIDP also poses numerous challenges in clinical practice due to chronic inflammation, demyelination and occasionally challenging or varying responses to current therapies. To discuss T cell-mediated pathobiology in T1D and CIDP provides an opportunity to more clearly drive understanding towards the development of new treatments and improvement in patient outcomes.This dissertation explores the role of the epigenetic regulator UTX in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Using T cell-specific UTX-deficient NOD mice, we demonstrate significant protection against diabetes development via loss of UTX, which acts by inhibiting stem-like progenitor CD8+ T cells differentiation into cytolytic effector cells. Integrative genomic analyses showed direct UTX binding at the progenitor and effector gene loci, able to directly regulate chromatin accessibility and gene expression that are required for T cell differentiation. Notably, UTX's function in promoting this differentiation is not dependent on UTX's inherent histone demethylase activity, but rather the overall combination of the transcription factors TCF1 and STAT3 via UTX, forming a regulatory complex promoting autoimmune chronicity. Lastly, our findings extend to human type 1 diabetes as we reveal UTX also regulates differentiation from human stem-cell memory CD8+ T cells into terminal effector cells.In addition, this dissertation also examines autoimmune neuropathy, focusing on the T cell-mediated pathogenesis in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Using single-cell RNA sequencing and T cell receptor profiling, we describe the clonal composition and phenotypic heterogeneity of T subsets identified in sciatic nerves from the mouse CIDP models. We identified new transcriptional states, different clonotypes of autoreactive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and new cytotoxic characteristics in regulatory T cells (Tregs) that could represent new aspects of the complexity of Treg behavior and clonal diversity in a chronic autoimmune neuropathy. In summary, this dissertation has advanced our understanding of T cell-mediated autoimmunity in disparate, yet highly related contexts, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) and CIDP. In T1D, we have characterized UTX as a critical regulator of CD8⁺ T cell differentiation and disease. Through transcription factor-mediated processes, we have also highlighted UTX as a crucial element in sustaining the chronicity of autoimmunity, which does not require histone demethylase activity. Most importantly, our study highlights UTX as an important potential target for intervention in T1D and reveals important principles of regulatory conservation in human disease. Taking this approach to autoimmune neuropathy, single-cell profiling in the CIDP models showed marked heterogeneity among T cell populations that included diverse and clonally expanded T cell populations, including atypical cytotoxic Tregs, and evidence supports the complex nature of T cell involvement in the processes involved with chronic autoimmune neuropathy.
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Health sciences
키워드  
Autoimmune diseases
키워드  
Type 1 diabetes
키워드  
Inflammation
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Microbiology Immunology & Molecular Genetics 0440
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aChen,  Ho-Chung.
■24510▼aT  Cell-Mediated  Mechanisms  in  Autoimmune  Diseases:  Epigenetic  Regulation  by  UTX  in  Type  1  Diabetes  and  Clonal  Dynamics  in  Chronic  Inflammatory  Neuropathy
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a106  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Su,  Maureen  An-Ping.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2025.
■520    ▼aType  1  Diabetes  Mellitus  (T1D)  and  autoimmune  neuropathies,  including  chronic  inflammatory  demyelinating  polyneuropathy  (CIDP),  can  both  have  a  devastating  effect  on  a  patient's  quality  of  life  as  they  represent  an  integrated  systems  approach  to  a  complex  negative  health  outcome  characterized  by  multifaceted  pathogenic  mechanisms  and  lack  of  therapeutic  interventions.  T1D  has  an  unrelenting  autoimmune  destruction  of  pancreatic  beta  cells  leading  to  continued  and  life-long  insulin  dependence  along  with  high  rates  of  life-threatening  complications.  CIDP  also  poses  numerous  challenges  in  clinical  practice  due  to  chronic  inflammation,  demyelination  and  occasionally  challenging  or  varying  responses  to  current  therapies.  To  discuss  T  cell-mediated  pathobiology  in  T1D  and  CIDP  provides  an  opportunity  to  more  clearly  drive  understanding  towards  the  development  of  new  treatments  and  improvement  in  patient  outcomes.This  dissertation  explores  the  role  of  the  epigenetic  regulator  UTX  in  the  development  of  type  1  diabetes  (T1D).  Using  T  cell-specific  UTX-deficient  NOD  mice,  we  demonstrate  significant  protection  against  diabetes  development  via  loss  of  UTX,  which  acts  by  inhibiting  stem-like  progenitor  CD8+  T  cells  differentiation  into  cytolytic  effector  cells.  Integrative  genomic  analyses  showed  direct  UTX  binding  at  the  progenitor  and  effector  gene  loci,  able  to  directly  regulate  chromatin  accessibility  and  gene  expression  that  are  required  for  T  cell  differentiation.  Notably,  UTX's  function  in  promoting  this  differentiation  is  not  dependent  on  UTX's  inherent  histone  demethylase  activity,  but  rather  the  overall  combination  of  the  transcription  factors  TCF1  and  STAT3  via  UTX,  forming  a  regulatory  complex  promoting  autoimmune  chronicity.  Lastly,  our  findings  extend  to  human  type  1  diabetes  as  we  reveal  UTX  also  regulates  differentiation  from  human  stem-cell  memory  CD8+  T  cells  into  terminal  effector  cells.In  addition,  this  dissertation  also  examines  autoimmune  neuropathy,  focusing  on  the  T  cell-mediated  pathogenesis  in  chronic  inflammatory  demyelinating  polyneuropathy  (CIDP).  Using  single-cell  RNA  sequencing  and  T  cell  receptor  profiling,  we  describe  the  clonal  composition  and  phenotypic  heterogeneity  of  T  subsets  identified  in  sciatic  nerves  from  the  mouse  CIDP  models.  We  identified  new  transcriptional  states,  different  clonotypes  of  autoreactive  CD8+  and  CD4+  T  cells,  and  new  cytotoxic  characteristics  in  regulatory  T  cells  (Tregs)  that  could  represent  new  aspects  of  the  complexity  of  Treg  behavior  and  clonal  diversity  in  a  chronic  autoimmune  neuropathy. In  summary,  this  dissertation  has  advanced  our  understanding  of  T  cell-mediated  autoimmunity  in  disparate,  yet  highly  related  contexts,  Type  1  Diabetes  Mellitus  (T1D)  and  CIDP.  In  T1D,  we  have  characterized  UTX  as  a  critical  regulator  of  CD8⁺  T  cell  differentiation  and  disease.  Through  transcription  factor-mediated  processes,  we  have  also  highlighted  UTX  as  a  crucial  element  in  sustaining  the  chronicity  of  autoimmunity,  which  does  not  require  histone  demethylase  activity.  Most  importantly,  our  study  highlights  UTX  as  an  important  potential  target  for  intervention  in  T1D  and  reveals  important  principles  of  regulatory  conservation  in  human  disease.  Taking  this  approach  to  autoimmune  neuropathy,  single-cell  profiling  in  the  CIDP  models  showed  marked  heterogeneity  among  T  cell  populations  that  included  diverse  and  clonally  expanded  T  cell  populations,  including  atypical  cytotoxic  Tregs,  and  evidence  supports  the  complex  nature  of  T  cell  involvement  in  the  processes  involved  with  chronic  autoimmune  neuropathy.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aHealth  sciences
■653    ▼aAutoimmune  diseases
■653    ▼aType  1  diabetes
■653    ▼aInflammation
■690    ▼a0982
■690    ▼a0566
■690    ▼a0379
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bMicrobiology,  Immunology,  &  Molecular  Genetics  0440.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359603▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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