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Embryonic Plasticity Through Evolution and Development in the Acoel Hofstenia miamia
Embryonic Plasticity Through Evolution and Development in the Acoel Hofstenia miamia
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105145
- ISBN
- 9798265410160
- DDC
- 574
- 저자명
- Rock, Amber.
- 서명/저자
- Embryonic Plasticity Through Evolution and Development in the Acoel Hofstenia miamia
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 133 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Includes supplementary digital materials.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Srivastava, Mansi.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The single-celled zygote ultimately develops into an adult animal with many diverse terminal cell types and tissues. This totipotency is lost during subsequent cleavages as specification begins in the embryo. In Chapter 1, I reviewed and synthesized literature on the divergent modes of early cleavage across animals. Through this study, it was revealed that many phyla, including Xenacoelomorpha, are understudied in regard to early embryonic plasticity. To investigate the potentials of embryonic cells in xenacoelomorphs, I studied the acoel worm Hofstenia miamia, which enables investigations of embryos in the lab. Though H. miamia adults are known for their tremendous regenerative capacity, no prior study has examined the embryo's capacity to compensate for missing cells. In Chapter 2, I conducted an exhaustive examination of the post-zygotic totipotency and embryonic plasticity of the early embryo, from the 2-cell stage to the 8-cell stage. I isolated blastomeres at the 2- and 4-cell stage and found that both 2-cell blastomeres and the 4-cell stage macromeres were competent to develop into complete adult worms, exhibiting post-zygotic totipotency. Examination of the progeny of the micromeres and macromeres at the 4- and 8-cell stage showed that micromeres are specified upon birth and cannot develop cell types beyond what they endogenously produce in the wild type embryo, whereas isolated macromeres can develop cell types beyond their endogenous fates. A dissociation and reconstitution assay found that all blastomeres at the 8-cell stage can expand their developmental potential and contribute to exogenous cell types in response to the perturbation, despite earlier specification. The H. miamia embryo exhibits extraordinary plasticity despite having an invariant cleavage program with early, fate-specifying cleavages. In Chapter 3, I attempted to uncover differentially expressed transcripts between the micromeres and macromeres of the early-stage H. miamia embryos. I assembled a new version of the H. miamia transcriptome, enriched for embryonic stages, adding an additional 6,839 transcripts to the previous transcriptome assembly. After remapping newly and previously collected data to the updated transcriptome, I was able to identify cell type marker genes that were expressed earlier during embryogenesis. Altogether, my thesis research provides a summation of previous experimental embryology experiments across animals, a characterization of the plasticity in the early embryo of the acoel H. miamia and identified putative mRNA maternal determinants in the early embryo.
- 일반주제명
- Developmental biology
- 일반주제명
- Plastics
- 일반주제명
- Evolution & development
- 키워드
- Cleavage
- 키워드
- Embryology
- 키워드
- Evolution
- 키워드
- Plasticity
- 키워드
- Totipotency
- 기타저자
- Harvard University Biology Organismic and Evolutionary
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202105145
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798265410160
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32241204
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a574
■1001 ▼aRock, Amber.
■24510▼aEmbryonic Plasticity Through Evolution and Development in the Acoel Hofstenia miamia
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a133 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aIncludes supplementary digital materials.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Srivastava, Mansi.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
■520 ▼aThe single-celled zygote ultimately develops into an adult animal with many diverse terminal cell types and tissues. This totipotency is lost during subsequent cleavages as specification begins in the embryo. In Chapter 1, I reviewed and synthesized literature on the divergent modes of early cleavage across animals. Through this study, it was revealed that many phyla, including Xenacoelomorpha, are understudied in regard to early embryonic plasticity. To investigate the potentials of embryonic cells in xenacoelomorphs, I studied the acoel worm Hofstenia miamia, which enables investigations of embryos in the lab. Though H. miamia adults are known for their tremendous regenerative capacity, no prior study has examined the embryo's capacity to compensate for missing cells. In Chapter 2, I conducted an exhaustive examination of the post-zygotic totipotency and embryonic plasticity of the early embryo, from the 2-cell stage to the 8-cell stage. I isolated blastomeres at the 2- and 4-cell stage and found that both 2-cell blastomeres and the 4-cell stage macromeres were competent to develop into complete adult worms, exhibiting post-zygotic totipotency. Examination of the progeny of the micromeres and macromeres at the 4- and 8-cell stage showed that micromeres are specified upon birth and cannot develop cell types beyond what they endogenously produce in the wild type embryo, whereas isolated macromeres can develop cell types beyond their endogenous fates. A dissociation and reconstitution assay found that all blastomeres at the 8-cell stage can expand their developmental potential and contribute to exogenous cell types in response to the perturbation, despite earlier specification. The H. miamia embryo exhibits extraordinary plasticity despite having an invariant cleavage program with early, fate-specifying cleavages. In Chapter 3, I attempted to uncover differentially expressed transcripts between the micromeres and macromeres of the early-stage H. miamia embryos. I assembled a new version of the H. miamia transcriptome, enriched for embryonic stages, adding an additional 6,839 transcripts to the previous transcriptome assembly. After remapping newly and previously collected data to the updated transcriptome, I was able to identify cell type marker genes that were expressed earlier during embryogenesis. Altogether, my thesis research provides a summation of previous experimental embryology experiments across animals, a characterization of the plasticity in the early embryo of the acoel H. miamia and identified putative mRNA maternal determinants in the early embryo.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0084.
■650 4▼aDevelopmental biology
■650 4▼aPlastics
■650 4▼aEvolution & development
■653 ▼aCleavage
■653 ▼aEmbryology
■653 ▼aEvolution
■653 ▼aPlasticity
■653 ▼aTotipotency
■690 ▼a0758
■690 ▼a0412
■690 ▼a0795
■71020▼aHarvard University▼bBiology, Organismic and Evolutionary.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05B.
■790 ▼a0084
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359610▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


