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Evaluating the Impact of Different Ventilation Shutdown Methods for Emergency Depopulation
Evaluating the Impact of Different Ventilation Shutdown Methods for Emergency Depopulation
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105629
- ISBN
- 9798297619463
- DDC
- 612.8
- 서명/저자
- Evaluating the Impact of Different Ventilation Shutdown Methods for Emergency Depopulation
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : North Carolina State University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 264 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Anderson, Kenneth E.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) has caused major issues within the poultry industry due to its rapid spread and lethality. When poultry test positive for this disease, they must be depopulated within 24-48 hours after confirmation. Depopulation is necessary to rapidly depopulate poultry as quickly and efficiently as possible while taking as much regard to the birds' welfare as possible. These massive outbreaks lead to depletion of depopulation resources highlighting the need for other methods that are just as effective and are accessible.Additional methods are needed and useful especially if they quicken depopulation and reduce bird stress levels. Ventilation shutdown plus (VSD+) is a method that is approved by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) in constrained circumstances. This dissertation evaluated how different depopulation methods affected poultry time of death (TOD), electroencephalograms (EEGs), pre and post core body temperatures, and blood chemistry. The three treatments that were evaluated for laying hens, broilers, and turkeys, were ventilation shutdown plus heat (VSDH), ventilation shutdown plus heat and relative humidity (VSDHRh), and ventilation shutdown plus carbon dioxide (VSDCO2). The last trial evaluated the differences in VSDH, VDSCO2, and ventilation shutdown plus nitrogen gas (VSDN2) in laying hens alone. Each of these trials had three phases with Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3. Phase 1 evaluated the TOD, EEG, core body temperatures, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and blood chemistry in poultry from onset to TOD. Phase 2 evaluated the changes in HSP70 expression and blood chemistry at calculated removal times based on the average time of death from birds in their respective Phase 1. Both Phase 1 and 2 trials were conducted in environmentally controlled chambers. Phase 3 for each trial was scaled up to mimic industry settings conducted in a 19.5 ft. X 15 ft. X 8 ft. room.The laying hen trial evaluating the effects of VSDHRh in Phase 1, VSDCO2 had significantly quicker TOD compared to VSDH or VSDHRh. Both VSDH and VSDHRh had significantly greater levels of HSP70 production, however there were no differences amongst laying hen behaviors or EEGs. For Phase 3, VSDHRh resulted in greater changes in corticosterone compared to the other two treatments. In the broiler trial Phase 1, much like the layers, the TOD was fastest in the VSDCO2. Based on the EEGs, there was a shift toward unconscious behaviors close to the midway point to TOD. High CO2 concentration in VSDCO2 resulted in changes in pH, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) compared to both VSDH and VSDHRH. In Phase 2, the parameters measured indicated that there was similarity amongst the treatments over time. In Phase 3 VSDH had 0.4% survival rate whereas VSDRH and VSDCO2 had 100% mortality.Hen turkey depopulation was significantly quicker with VSDCO2 compared to the other two treatments. There were no differences in unconscious or conscious behaviors. In VSDCO2 pCO2 was higher than VSDH. There was a greater survivability in VSDH at 25.7% whereas VSDHRh and VSDCO2 had 100%. The layer trial evaluating VSDN2 resulting in similar TOD in VSDN2 and VSDCO2 which were quicker than VSDH. VSDN2 had significantly greater areas under the EEG curves compared to VSDH. Phase 3, VSDN2 had the longest TOD compared to either VSDH or VSDCO2. More research should be conducted to fully determine the effects of each of these treatments on poultry.
- 일반주제명
- Unconsciousness
- 일반주제명
- Electroencephalography
- 일반주제명
- Poultry
- 일반주제명
- Carbon dioxide
- 일반주제명
- Animal diseases
- 일반주제명
- Animal sciences
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202105629
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798297619463
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32331418
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a612.8
■1001 ▼aHarding, Kari Lyn.
■24510▼aEvaluating the Impact of Different Ventilation Shutdown Methods for Emergency Depopulation
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNorth Carolina State University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a264 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Anderson, Kenneth E.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2025.
■520 ▼aHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) has caused major issues within the poultry industry due to its rapid spread and lethality. When poultry test positive for this disease, they must be depopulated within 24-48 hours after confirmation. Depopulation is necessary to rapidly depopulate poultry as quickly and efficiently as possible while taking as much regard to the birds' welfare as possible. These massive outbreaks lead to depletion of depopulation resources highlighting the need for other methods that are just as effective and are accessible.Additional methods are needed and useful especially if they quicken depopulation and reduce bird stress levels. Ventilation shutdown plus (VSD+) is a method that is approved by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) in constrained circumstances. This dissertation evaluated how different depopulation methods affected poultry time of death (TOD), electroencephalograms (EEGs), pre and post core body temperatures, and blood chemistry. The three treatments that were evaluated for laying hens, broilers, and turkeys, were ventilation shutdown plus heat (VSDH), ventilation shutdown plus heat and relative humidity (VSDHRh), and ventilation shutdown plus carbon dioxide (VSDCO2). The last trial evaluated the differences in VSDH, VDSCO2, and ventilation shutdown plus nitrogen gas (VSDN2) in laying hens alone. Each of these trials had three phases with Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 3. Phase 1 evaluated the TOD, EEG, core body temperatures, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and blood chemistry in poultry from onset to TOD. Phase 2 evaluated the changes in HSP70 expression and blood chemistry at calculated removal times based on the average time of death from birds in their respective Phase 1. Both Phase 1 and 2 trials were conducted in environmentally controlled chambers. Phase 3 for each trial was scaled up to mimic industry settings conducted in a 19.5 ft. X 15 ft. X 8 ft. room.The laying hen trial evaluating the effects of VSDHRh in Phase 1, VSDCO2 had significantly quicker TOD compared to VSDH or VSDHRh. Both VSDH and VSDHRh had significantly greater levels of HSP70 production, however there were no differences amongst laying hen behaviors or EEGs. For Phase 3, VSDHRh resulted in greater changes in corticosterone compared to the other two treatments. In the broiler trial Phase 1, much like the layers, the TOD was fastest in the VSDCO2. Based on the EEGs, there was a shift toward unconscious behaviors close to the midway point to TOD. High CO2 concentration in VSDCO2 resulted in changes in pH, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) compared to both VSDH and VSDHRH. In Phase 2, the parameters measured indicated that there was similarity amongst the treatments over time. In Phase 3 VSDH had 0.4% survival rate whereas VSDRH and VSDCO2 had 100% mortality.Hen turkey depopulation was significantly quicker with VSDCO2 compared to the other two treatments. There were no differences in unconscious or conscious behaviors. In VSDCO2 pCO2 was higher than VSDH. There was a greater survivability in VSDH at 25.7% whereas VSDHRh and VSDCO2 had 100%. The layer trial evaluating VSDN2 resulting in similar TOD in VSDN2 and VSDCO2 which were quicker than VSDH. VSDN2 had significantly greater areas under the EEG curves compared to VSDH. Phase 3, VSDN2 had the longest TOD compared to either VSDH or VSDCO2. More research should be conducted to fully determine the effects of each of these treatments on poultry.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0155.
■650 4▼aUnconsciousness
■650 4▼aElectroencephalography
■650 4▼aPoultry
■650 4▼aCarbon dioxide
■650 4▼aAnimal diseases
■650 4▼aAnimal sciences
■653 ▼aHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
■653 ▼aElectroencephalograms
■690 ▼a0475
■690 ▼a0476
■71020▼aNorth Carolina State University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0155
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360860▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


