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Genetic and Environmental Factors Impacting Response to Selection of Flowering Time and Mycotoxin Production in Maize
Genetic and Environmental Factors Impacting Response to Selection of Flowering Time and My...
Genetic and Environmental Factors Impacting Response to Selection of Flowering Time and Mycotoxin Production in Maize

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105630
ISBN  
9798297622487
DDC  
630
저자명  
Butoto, Eric.
서명/저자  
Genetic and Environmental Factors Impacting Response to Selection of Flowering Time and Mycotoxin Production in Maize
발행사항  
[Sl] : North Carolina State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
223 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Holland, James B.;Rellan Alvarez, Ruben.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Understanding the genetic and environmental factors that impact response to selection for important traits such as flowering time and disease resistance is essential to crop improvements in the face of a changing climate and to ensuring long-term food security.In Chapter 1, I review the history of maize breeding in the United States and highlight the importance of flowering time in maize adaptation, focusing particularly on the adaptation of tropical maize populations to temperate regions. I then discuss how genetic diversity influences the response to selection for flowering time. Finally, I detail efforts to understand and breed for resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination, which have significant implications for human and animal health.In Chapter 2, I investigate how initial genetic diversity influences the response to selection for flowering time across different maize populations with differing amounts of initial genetic diversity. Populations with greater molecular diversity generally showed stronger selection responses, though exceptions highlight the roles of breeding history and genetic architecture. Tropical populations responded more strongly at higher latitudes due to photoperiod sensitivity. Limited evidence for selection at known flowering time genes suggests a largely polygenic basis. These results emphasize the importance of both genetic diversity and trait architecture in guiding crop improvement.In Chapter 3, I introgressed resistance alleles for Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination from GE440, a highly resistant inbred, into LH132, a susceptible but elite commercial inbred. I developed improved backcross lines that maintained agronomic performance and yield. Genotyping of these lines revealed large introgression regions associated with resistance, which aligns with previous mapping studies. While these regions are broad and contain many genes, they offer a valuable starting point for identifying resistance genes. Importantly, the developed lines represent useful resources for breeders.In Chapter 4, I investigate the effects of Bt maize on Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination and the environmental factors influencing these two traits. Bt hybrids generally reduced Fusarium ear rot and insect feeding, though differences in fumonisin levels were minimal due to limited variation in the sampled environments. I identified several environmental covariates associated with disease severity. The results from this chapter highlight the complex interactions among pathogens, mycotoxins, insect pests, and environmental conditions and demonstrate the need for broader, multi-environmental studies to understand these dynamics better.
일반주제명  
Agricultural production
일반주제명  
Flowers & plants
일반주제명  
Domestication
일반주제명  
Corn
일반주제명  
Adaptation
일반주제명  
Chromosomes
일반주제명  
Sorghum
일반주제명  
Genomes
일반주제명  
Germplasm
일반주제명  
Crop diseases
일반주제명  
Circadian rhythm
일반주제명  
Statistical significance
일반주제명  
Genetic diversity
일반주제명  
Genotype & phenotype
일반주제명  
Genes
일반주제명  
Agriculture
일반주제명  
Climate change
키워드  
Maize breeding
키워드  
Flowering time
기타저자  
North Carolina State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aButoto,  Eric.
■24510▼aGenetic  and  Environmental  Factors  Impacting  Response  to  Selection  of  Flowering  Time  and  Mycotoxin  Production  in  Maize
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorth  Carolina  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a223  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Holland,  James  B.;Rellan  Alvarez,  Ruben.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--North  Carolina  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aUnderstanding  the  genetic  and  environmental  factors  that  impact  response  to  selection  for  important  traits  such  as  flowering  time  and  disease  resistance  is  essential  to  crop  improvements  in  the  face  of  a  changing  climate  and  to  ensuring  long-term  food  security.In  Chapter  1,  I  review  the  history  of  maize  breeding  in  the  United  States  and  highlight  the  importance  of  flowering  time  in  maize  adaptation,  focusing  particularly  on  the  adaptation  of  tropical  maize  populations  to  temperate  regions.  I  then  discuss  how  genetic  diversity  influences  the  response  to  selection  for  flowering  time.  Finally,  I  detail  efforts  to  understand  and  breed  for  resistance  to  Fusarium  ear  rot  and  fumonisin  contamination,  which  have  significant  implications  for  human  and  animal  health.In  Chapter  2,  I  investigate  how  initial  genetic  diversity  influences  the  response  to  selection  for  flowering  time  across  different  maize  populations  with  differing  amounts  of  initial  genetic  diversity.  Populations  with  greater  molecular  diversity  generally  showed  stronger  selection  responses,  though  exceptions  highlight  the  roles  of  breeding  history  and  genetic  architecture.  Tropical  populations  responded  more  strongly  at  higher  latitudes  due  to  photoperiod  sensitivity.  Limited  evidence  for  selection  at  known  flowering  time  genes  suggests  a  largely  polygenic  basis.  These  results  emphasize  the  importance  of  both  genetic  diversity  and  trait  architecture  in  guiding  crop  improvement.In  Chapter  3,  I  introgressed  resistance  alleles  for  Fusarium  ear  rot  and  fumonisin  contamination  from  GE440,  a  highly  resistant  inbred,  into  LH132,  a  susceptible  but  elite  commercial  inbred.  I  developed  improved  backcross  lines  that  maintained  agronomic  performance  and  yield.  Genotyping  of  these  lines  revealed  large  introgression  regions  associated  with  resistance,  which  aligns  with  previous  mapping  studies.  While  these  regions  are  broad  and  contain  many  genes,  they  offer  a  valuable  starting  point  for  identifying  resistance  genes.  Importantly,  the  developed  lines  represent  useful  resources  for  breeders.In  Chapter  4,  I  investigate  the  effects  of  Bt  maize  on  Fusarium  ear  rot  and  fumonisin  contamination  and  the  environmental  factors  influencing  these  two  traits.  Bt  hybrids  generally  reduced  Fusarium  ear  rot  and  insect  feeding,  though  differences  in  fumonisin  levels  were  minimal  due  to  limited  variation  in  the  sampled  environments.  I  identified  several  environmental  covariates  associated  with  disease  severity.  The  results  from  this  chapter  highlight  the  complex  interactions  among  pathogens,  mycotoxins,  insect  pests,  and  environmental  conditions  and  demonstrate  the  need  for  broader,  multi-environmental  studies  to  understand  these  dynamics  better.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0155.
■650  4▼aAgricultural  production
■650  4▼aFlowers  &  plants
■650  4▼aDomestication
■650  4▼aCorn
■650  4▼aAdaptation
■650  4▼aChromosomes
■650  4▼aSorghum
■650  4▼aGenomes
■650  4▼aGermplasm
■650  4▼aCrop  diseases
■650  4▼aCircadian  rhythm
■650  4▼aStatistical  significance
■650  4▼aGenetic  diversity
■650  4▼aGenotype  &  phenotype
■650  4▼aGenes
■650  4▼aAgriculture
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■653    ▼aMaize  breeding
■653    ▼aFlowering  time
■690    ▼a0473
■690    ▼a0404
■71020▼aNorth  Carolina  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0155
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360867▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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