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Impact of Disease Management Practices in Floriculture Crop Production on Phytophthora Species, Soilborne Diseases and Detection of P. nicotianae in North Carolina
Impact of Disease Management Practices in Floriculture Crop Production on Phytophthora Spe...
Impact of Disease Management Practices in Floriculture Crop Production on Phytophthora Species, Soilborne Diseases and Detection of P. nicotianae in North Carolina

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105631
ISBN  
9798297622760
DDC  
635.9
저자명  
Marie Meadows, Inga.
서명/저자  
Impact of Disease Management Practices in Floriculture Crop Production on Phytophthora Species, Soilborne Diseases and Detection of P. nicotianae in North Carolina
발행사항  
[Sl] : North Carolina State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
157 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Beagle Ristaino, Jean.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Floriculture crop production is economically important to North Carolina. The crops are produced primarily in greenhouses and includes bedding plants such as petunia and annual vinca and herbaceous perennial plants such as coneflower and verbena. However, growers report that soilborne pathogens cause some of the most important disease problems they face.Management practices that suppress or prevent soilborne diseases in floriculture crop production under greenhouse conditions are known, but the extent that these practices are employed by floriculture crop producers in North Carolina is unknown. Understanding current practices can help identify areas in need of intervention that, if remedied, could potentially lead to improved disease management. In Chapter 1, 32 greenhouses growers in North Carolina were surveyed using a 35-question, in-person questionnaire that included topics related to soilborne disease occurrence to understand practices growers currently use, identify practices associated with the incidence of soilborne diseases, and identify research or extension needs for floriculture growers to mitigate soilborne diseases under greenhouse conditions. Survey results revealed disease suppressive production practices, such as treating irrigation water and inspecting propagation material before transplant, were used by most growers and associated with no disease occurrence. However, the incidence of soilborne diseases on annual vinca and petunia were often greater when conducive practices were employed. Results highlight the need for continued research and extension efforts, particularly in integrated pest management techniques to reduce crop losses to soilborne diseases.Floriculture crop producers report that species of Phytophthora are among the most common soilborne pathogens affecting their crops. Species of Phytophthora are particularly suited to survive and proliferate under greenhouse conditions because of the presence of a wide variety of hosts present, a continually conducive environment (warm and humid with frequent irrigation events), and their ability to produce survival structures (e.g., oospores and chlamydospores) which allows them to survive in plant debris or potting media between crops. Given that the international trade of ornamental plants plays a role in spreading pathogens worldwide, it is important to understand the species of Phytophthora affecting floriculture crops in North Carolina and characterize these pathogens to identify potentially new threats to floricultural crops. In Chapter 2, I identified and characterized species of Phytophthora collected from 32 floriculture crop greenhouses in North Carolina. P. nicotianae was the dominant species recovered, but P. drechsleri, P. heterospora, and P. tropicalis were also found. This is the first time a hybrid species, P. pseudocryptogea, has been recovered in North Carolina. Analysis of microsatellite markers for P. nicotianae revealed that some genotypes persisted from year to year in the same greenhouse. Closely related genotypes were shared among greenhouses and may have been spread via propagation material.Detection of P. nicotianae in floriculture crops is important for growers to implement management practices early to minimize crop loss. However, detection of P. nicotianae may be affected if systemic fungicides had been recently applied to infected plants. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a field-ready assay that detects DNA of a specific organism. A primer pair (F-loop/B-loop) was added to a previously published LAMP assay specific to P. nicotianae to improve the reaction time. In Chapter 3, detection of P. nicotianae in leaves of inoculated annual vinca plants treated with or without three systemic fungicides (cyazofamid, mefenoxam, or oxathiapiprolin) was compared using three detection methods: LAMP, culturing on semi-selective medium, and Agdia ImmunoStrip®. None of the systemic fungicides inhibited detection of P. nicotianae by the LAMP assay, but detection by ImmunoStrips® or culturing ranged from 80 to 100% and 60 to 100%, respectively. The LAMP assay specific to P. nicotianae may help diagnosticians detect the pathogen rapidly when culturing or ImmunoStrips® fail.
일반주제명  
Greenhouses
일반주제명  
By products
일반주제명  
Plant diseases
일반주제명  
Agriculture
키워드  
Floriculture
키워드  
Disease management
기타저자  
North Carolina State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■24510▼aImpact  of  Disease  Management  Practices  in  Floriculture  Crop  Production  on  Phytophthora  Species,  Soilborne  Diseases  and  Detection  of  P.  nicotianae  in  North  Carolina
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorth  Carolina  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a157  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Beagle  Ristaino,  Jean.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--North  Carolina  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aFloriculture  crop  production  is  economically  important  to  North  Carolina.  The  crops  are  produced  primarily  in  greenhouses  and  includes  bedding  plants  such  as  petunia  and  annual  vinca  and  herbaceous  perennial  plants  such  as  coneflower  and  verbena.  However,  growers  report  that  soilborne  pathogens  cause  some  of  the  most  important  disease  problems  they  face.Management  practices  that  suppress  or  prevent  soilborne  diseases  in  floriculture  crop  production  under  greenhouse  conditions  are  known,  but  the  extent  that  these  practices  are  employed  by  floriculture  crop  producers  in  North  Carolina  is  unknown.  Understanding  current  practices  can  help  identify  areas  in  need  of  intervention  that,  if  remedied,  could  potentially  lead  to  improved  disease  management.  In  Chapter  1,  32  greenhouses  growers  in  North  Carolina  were  surveyed  using  a  35-question,  in-person  questionnaire  that  included  topics  related  to  soilborne  disease  occurrence  to  understand  practices  growers  currently  use,  identify  practices  associated  with  the  incidence  of  soilborne  diseases,  and  identify  research  or  extension  needs  for  floriculture  growers  to  mitigate  soilborne  diseases  under  greenhouse  conditions.  Survey  results  revealed  disease  suppressive  production  practices,  such  as  treating  irrigation  water  and  inspecting  propagation  material  before  transplant,  were  used  by  most  growers  and  associated  with  no  disease  occurrence.  However,  the  incidence  of  soilborne  diseases  on  annual  vinca  and  petunia  were  often  greater  when  conducive  practices  were  employed.  Results  highlight  the  need  for  continued  research  and  extension  efforts,  particularly  in  integrated  pest  management  techniques  to  reduce  crop  losses  to  soilborne  diseases.Floriculture  crop  producers  report  that  species  of  Phytophthora  are  among  the  most  common  soilborne  pathogens  affecting  their  crops.  Species  of  Phytophthora  are  particularly  suited  to  survive  and  proliferate  under  greenhouse  conditions  because  of  the  presence  of  a  wide  variety  of  hosts  present,  a  continually  conducive  environment  (warm  and  humid  with  frequent  irrigation  events),  and  their  ability  to  produce  survival  structures  (e.g.,  oospores  and  chlamydospores)  which  allows  them  to  survive  in  plant  debris  or  potting  media  between  crops.  Given  that  the  international  trade  of  ornamental  plants  plays  a  role  in  spreading  pathogens  worldwide,  it  is  important  to  understand  the  species  of  Phytophthora  affecting  floriculture  crops  in  North  Carolina  and  characterize  these  pathogens  to  identify  potentially  new  threats  to  floricultural  crops.  In  Chapter  2,  I  identified  and  characterized  species  of  Phytophthora  collected  from  32  floriculture  crop  greenhouses  in  North  Carolina.  P.  nicotianae  was  the  dominant  species  recovered,  but  P.  drechsleri,  P.  heterospora,  and  P.  tropicalis  were  also  found.  This  is  the  first  time  a  hybrid  species,  P.  pseudocryptogea,  has  been  recovered  in  North  Carolina.  Analysis  of  microsatellite  markers  for  P.  nicotianae  revealed  that  some  genotypes  persisted  from  year  to  year  in  the  same  greenhouse.  Closely  related  genotypes  were  shared  among  greenhouses  and  may  have  been  spread  via  propagation  material.Detection  of  P.  nicotianae  in  floriculture  crops  is  important  for  growers  to  implement  management  practices  early  to  minimize  crop  loss.  However,  detection  of  P.  nicotianae  may  be  affected  if  systemic  fungicides  had  been  recently  applied  to  infected  plants.  Loop-mediated  isothermal  amplification  (LAMP)  is  a  field-ready  assay  that  detects  DNA  of  a  specific  organism.  A  primer  pair  (F-loop/B-loop)  was  added  to  a  previously  published  LAMP  assay  specific  to  P.  nicotianae  to  improve  the  reaction  time.  In  Chapter  3,  detection  of  P.  nicotianae  in  leaves  of  inoculated  annual  vinca  plants  treated  with  or  without  three  systemic  fungicides  (cyazofamid, mefenoxam,  or  oxathiapiprolin)  was  compared  using  three  detection  methods:  LAMP,  culturing  on  semi-selective  medium,  and  Agdia  ImmunoStrip®.  None  of  the  systemic  fungicides  inhibited  detection  of  P.  nicotianae  by  the  LAMP  assay,  but  detection  by  ImmunoStrips®  or  culturing  ranged  from  80  to  100%  and  60  to  100%,  respectively.  The  LAMP  assay  specific  to  P.  nicotianae  may  help  diagnosticians  detect  the  pathogen  rapidly  when  culturing  or  ImmunoStrips®  fail.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0155.
■650  4▼aGreenhouses
■650  4▼aBy  products
■650  4▼aPlant  diseases
■650  4▼aAgriculture
■653    ▼aFloriculture
■653    ▼aDisease  management
■690    ▼a0473
■71020▼aNorth  Carolina  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0155
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360870▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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