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Genomic Tools for Sweetpotato Variety Development: Genomic Selection, Fusarium Wilt Resistance, and High-Throughput Phenotyping for Guava Root-Knot Nematode Resistance
Genomic Tools for Sweetpotato Variety Development: Genomic Selection, Fusarium Wilt Resist...
Genomic Tools for Sweetpotato Variety Development: Genomic Selection, Fusarium Wilt Resistance, and High-Throughput Phenotyping for Guava Root-Knot Nematode Resistance

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105632
ISBN  
9798297633575
DDC  
635
저자명  
Fraher, Simon Phillip.
서명/저자  
Genomic Tools for Sweetpotato Variety Development: Genomic Selection, Fusarium Wilt Resistance, and High-Throughput Phenotyping for Guava Root-Knot Nematode Resistance
발행사항  
[Sl] : North Carolina State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
140 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Yencho, G. Craig.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) (2n = 6x = 90) is among the most important vegetable crops. Breeding sweetpotato cultivars for increased yield and quality traits, as well as resistance to pests and diseases, has been the focus of breeding programs globally. Genomic tools to facilitate earlier breeding decisions, like marker-assisted and genomic selection, have lagged largely due to the complex genetics of sweetpotato. Resources now exist that have allowed breeders to implement these technologies, including the development of reference genomes and genomic tools specific to polyploid crops. Chapter 1 of this dissertation is a literature review describing these resources and tools in more detail, as well as the production and breeding of sweetpotato and some of the constraints to variety development.Chapter 2 describes strategies for high-throughput phenotyping resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii, the guava root-knot nematode, a quarantined pest in the state of North Carolina. These approaches utilized machine learning to identify and count nematode eggs, information which can inform breeders as to the resistance level of a given sweetpotato genotype. Using convolutional neural networks and human-defined parameters, a hybrid machine learning model was able to detect eggs as well as human evaluators (M. enterolobii R2 = 0.985, M. incognita R2 = 0.992, M. javanica R2 = 0.983). Automated counting protocols have the potential to save hundreds of hours of labor while enhancing genetic gain for resistance for plant breeders.Chapter 3 details a QTL analysis focused on resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. batatas, commonly called Fusarium wilt disease. This was once the most important disease in US sweetpotato production, however, cultivar resistance has largely addressed this issue. In breeding for resistance to M. enterolobii, population-level resistance to Fusarium wilt disease may decline as some nematode-resistant lines lack Fusarium resistance. Over three trials, we bioassayed a 454-clone biparental mapping population, NCDM04-0001 x 'Covington', and found a single major locus on chromosome 10, herein named qIbFo-10.1, that explained 33.8% of variation for resistance to Fusarium wilt, suggesting resistance may be controlled by one or a few tightly-linked loci. This locus should be considered a priority target for marker-assisted breeding.Chapter 4 of this dissertation addresses quantitative traits, including yield, shape, and USDA grade by deploying genome-wide markers which can be used to predict the parental breeding value of a given individual for these traits. We utilized the DArTag genotyping platform and performed field trials on both a training and breeding population, each with 528 genotypes representing the NC State sweetpotato breeding program's diversity. We compared BLUPs generated using mixed models and compared pedigree, genomic, and hybrid relationship matrices for trait predictions. Predictive abilities for the genomic BLUP model were highest in the breeding population for storage root count (r = 0.195) and length to diameter ratio (r = 0.317), and highest in the training population for total yield (r = 0.363) and USDA No. 1 storage root packout (r = 0.408). This provides evidence that genomic selection can increase the rate of genetic gain for quantitative traits in sweetpotato for the first time.Chapter 5 summarizes my experiences in the breeding program and includes details about several projects that were outside the scope of this dissertation. This chapter also identifies future research targets, including the use of drones for high-throughput phenotyping and future applications of genomic selection.This research strives to increase the rate of genetic gain for necessary traits for the sweetpotato breeding community. With the availability of genomic and high-throughput phenotyping tools, sweetpotato breeders can improve traits at the population-level, ultimately increasing the likelihood of selecting the next major sweetpotato variety.
일반주제명  
Horticulture
키워드  
Sweetpotato
키워드  
Fusarium
기타저자  
North Carolina State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aGenomic  Tools  for  Sweetpotato  Variety  Development:  Genomic  Selection,  Fusarium  Wilt  Resistance,  and  High-Throughput  Phenotyping  for  Guava  Root-Knot  Nematode  Resistance
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorth  Carolina  State  University▼c2025
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■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Yencho,  G.  Craig.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--North  Carolina  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aSweetpotato  (Ipomoea  batatas  (L.)  Lam.)  (2n  =  6x  =  90)  is  among  the  most  important  vegetable  crops.  Breeding  sweetpotato  cultivars  for  increased  yield  and  quality  traits,  as  well  as  resistance  to  pests  and  diseases,  has  been  the  focus  of  breeding  programs  globally.  Genomic  tools  to  facilitate  earlier  breeding  decisions,  like  marker-assisted  and  genomic  selection,  have  lagged  largely  due  to  the  complex  genetics  of  sweetpotato.  Resources  now  exist  that  have  allowed  breeders  to  implement  these  technologies,  including  the  development  of  reference  genomes  and  genomic  tools  specific  to  polyploid  crops.  Chapter  1  of  this  dissertation  is  a  literature  review  describing  these  resources  and  tools  in  more  detail,  as  well  as  the  production  and  breeding  of  sweetpotato  and  some  of  the  constraints  to  variety  development.Chapter  2  describes  strategies  for  high-throughput  phenotyping  resistance  to  Meloidogyne  enterolobii,  the  guava  root-knot  nematode,  a  quarantined  pest  in  the  state  of  North  Carolina.  These  approaches  utilized  machine  learning  to  identify  and  count  nematode  eggs,  information  which  can  inform  breeders  as  to  the  resistance  level  of  a  given  sweetpotato  genotype.  Using  convolutional  neural  networks  and  human-defined  parameters,  a  hybrid  machine  learning  model  was  able  to  detect  eggs  as  well  as  human  evaluators  (M.  enterolobii  R2  =  0.985,  M.  incognita  R2  =  0.992,  M.  javanica  R2  =  0.983).  Automated  counting  protocols  have  the  potential  to  save  hundreds  of  hours  of  labor  while  enhancing  genetic  gain  for  resistance  for  plant  breeders.Chapter  3  details  a  QTL  analysis  focused  on  resistance  to  Fusarium  oxysporum  f.sp.  batatas,  commonly  called  Fusarium  wilt  disease.  This  was  once  the  most  important  disease  in  US  sweetpotato  production,  however,  cultivar  resistance  has  largely  addressed  this  issue.  In  breeding  for  resistance  to  M.  enterolobii,  population-level  resistance  to  Fusarium  wilt  disease  may  decline  as  some  nematode-resistant  lines  lack  Fusarium  resistance.  Over  three  trials,  we  bioassayed  a  454-clone  biparental  mapping  population,  NCDM04-0001  x  'Covington',  and  found  a  single  major  locus  on  chromosome  10,  herein  named  qIbFo-10.1,  that  explained  33.8% of  variation  for  resistance  to  Fusarium  wilt,  suggesting  resistance  may  be  controlled  by  one  or  a  few  tightly-linked  loci.  This  locus  should  be  considered  a  priority  target  for  marker-assisted  breeding.Chapter  4  of  this  dissertation  addresses  quantitative  traits,  including  yield,  shape,  and  USDA  grade  by  deploying  genome-wide  markers  which  can  be  used  to  predict  the  parental  breeding  value  of  a  given  individual  for  these  traits.  We  utilized  the  DArTag  genotyping  platform  and  performed  field  trials  on  both  a  training  and  breeding  population,  each  with  528  genotypes  representing  the  NC  State  sweetpotato  breeding  program's  diversity.  We  compared  BLUPs  generated  using  mixed  models  and  compared  pedigree,  genomic,  and  hybrid  relationship  matrices  for  trait  predictions.  Predictive  abilities  for  the  genomic  BLUP  model  were  highest  in  the  breeding  population  for  storage  root  count  (r  =  0.195)  and  length  to  diameter  ratio  (r  =  0.317),  and  highest  in  the  training  population  for  total  yield  (r  =  0.363)  and  USDA  No.  1  storage  root  packout  (r  =  0.408).  This  provides  evidence  that  genomic  selection  can  increase  the  rate  of  genetic  gain  for  quantitative  traits  in  sweetpotato  for  the  first  time.Chapter  5  summarizes  my  experiences  in  the  breeding  program  and  includes  details  about  several  projects  that  were  outside  the  scope  of  this  dissertation.  This  chapter  also  identifies  future  research  targets,  including  the  use  of  drones  for  high-throughput  phenotyping  and  future  applications  of  genomic  selection.This  research  strives  to  increase  the  rate  of  genetic  gain  for  necessary  traits  for  the  sweetpotato  breeding  community.  With  the  availability  of  genomic  and  high-throughput  phenotyping  tools,  sweetpotato  breeders  can  improve  traits  at  the  population-level,  ultimately  increasing  the  likelihood  of  selecting  the  next  major  sweetpotato  variety.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0155.
■650  4▼aHorticulture
■653    ▼aSweetpotato
■653    ▼aFusarium
■690    ▼a0471
■71020▼aNorth  Carolina  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0155
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360876▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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