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Decarbonizing Road Transportation: Energy, Emissions, Cost, and Policy Drivers for Battery Electric and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
Decarbonizing Road Transportation: Energy, Emissions, Cost, and Policy Drivers for Battery...
Decarbonizing Road Transportation: Energy, Emissions, Cost, and Policy Drivers for Battery Electric and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105632
ISBN  
9798297644588
DDC  
001
저자명  
Woody, Maxwell.
서명/저자  
Decarbonizing Road Transportation: Energy, Emissions, Cost, and Policy Drivers for Battery Electric and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
380 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Keoleian, Gregory A.;Skerlos, Steven J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Decarbonizing the road transportation sector, which makes up 23% of U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, is critical to meeting climate goals. Deploying battery electric vehicles (EVs), hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, or both will play a primary role in reducing GHG emissions. But the technologies, policies, and timelines will vary across light-, medium-, and heavy-duty vehicles and across freight and passenger transport due to the different performance requirements of each purpose and mode.This dissertation characterizes decarbonization pathways across modes, looking at key drivers, including environmental performance, economic performance, and policy support. It addresses research questions specific to each mode, using life cycle assessment, techno-economic analysis, and policy analysis techniques. Ultimately, this dissertation aims to encourage and accelerate the decarbonization of road transportation by investigating the key technologies and policies driving the transition.The first half of the dissertation (Chapters 2-4) focuses on the electrification of light-duty vehicles. First, I assess the U.S. goal of reaching 50% EV sales in the light-duty sector by 2030. Even if sales goals are met, emissions reductions in this sector fall short of the U.S. economy wide emissions target of a 50-52% reduction from 2005 levels by 2030 due to long vehicle lifetimes and slow fleet turnover.Next, I investigate one of the main barriers to widespread EV adoption - cost. I compare the total cost of ownership (TCO) of gasoline and electric vehicles across the U.S. to provide insight into consumer decision making and to highlight opportunities to lower TCO and accelerate EV adoption. New EVs are currently cost competitive only for small or low-range models; however, in the used vehicle market light-duty EVs of all sizes are less costly than conventional alternatives.Then, I discuss vehicle scrappage policies, which have the potential to hasten decarbonization by accelerating vehicle fleet turnover. I review the successes and shortcomings of historic and contemporary scrappage programs and develop recommendations for future vehicle scrappage policies.The second half of this dissertation (Chapters 5-6) focuses on medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. While EVs are leading the way for light-duty applications, the technological solutions for larger and heavier vehicles are less clear. First, I assess the use of green hydrogen for transportation, focusing on the energy efficiency and intensity of different hydrogen pathways. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles use 3-4 times more renewable electricity than EVs and should be strategically deployed only in situations where electrification is not viable.Lastly, I conduct a life cycle assessment of the GHG emissions of battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, using a parametric model to assess which powertrain is environmentally preferable across a range of sizes, cargo weights, and driving patterns. Both alternative powertrains can achieve significant GHG reductions compared to diesel vehicles; however, fuel cell vehicles have higher renewable electricity demands and have an indirect global warming impact from hydrogen leakage throughout the supply chain.Collectively, these studies provide a view towards the future of road transportation and the technology and policy tools needed to decarbonize the sector. Decarbonization requires ambitious goals with clear emissions reduction pathways, deployment of new technologies and infrastructure, and increased policy support to align economic and environmental drivers that will accelerate the transition. Implementing these strategies rapidly, efficiently, and justly gives the road transportation sector an opportunity to meet emissions goals and mitigate climate change.
일반주제명  
Systems science
일반주제명  
Transportation
일반주제명  
Sustainability
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
키워드  
Transportation sustainability
키워드  
Electric vehicles
키워드  
Hydrogen fuel cells
키워드  
Life cycle assessment
키워드  
Techno-economic analysis
키워드  
Decarbonization
기타저자  
University of Michigan Env & Sust & Mech Eng PhD
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aDecarbonizing  Road  Transportation:  Energy,  Emissions,  Cost,  and  Policy  Drivers  for  Battery  Electric  and  Hydrogen  Fuel  Cell  Vehicles
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a380  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Keoleian,  Gregory  A.;Skerlos,  Steven  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aDecarbonizing  the  road  transportation  sector,  which  makes  up  23%  of  U.S.  greenhouse  gas  (GHG)  emissions,  is  critical  to  meeting  climate  goals.  Deploying  battery  electric  vehicles  (EVs),  hydrogen  fuel  cell  vehicles,  or  both  will  play  a  primary  role  in  reducing  GHG  emissions.  But  the  technologies,  policies,  and  timelines  will  vary  across  light-,  medium-,  and  heavy-duty  vehicles  and  across  freight  and  passenger  transport  due  to  the  different  performance  requirements  of  each  purpose  and  mode.This  dissertation  characterizes  decarbonization  pathways  across  modes,  looking  at  key  drivers,  including  environmental  performance,  economic  performance,  and  policy  support.  It  addresses  research  questions  specific  to  each  mode,  using  life  cycle  assessment,  techno-economic  analysis,  and  policy  analysis  techniques.  Ultimately,  this  dissertation  aims  to  encourage  and  accelerate  the  decarbonization  of  road  transportation  by  investigating  the  key  technologies  and  policies  driving  the  transition.The  first  half  of  the  dissertation  (Chapters  2-4)  focuses  on  the  electrification  of  light-duty  vehicles.  First,  I  assess  the  U.S.  goal  of  reaching  50%  EV  sales  in  the  light-duty  sector  by  2030.  Even  if  sales  goals  are  met,  emissions  reductions  in  this  sector  fall  short  of  the  U.S.  economy  wide  emissions  target  of  a  50-52%  reduction  from  2005  levels  by  2030  due  to  long  vehicle  lifetimes  and  slow  fleet  turnover.Next,  I  investigate  one  of  the  main  barriers  to  widespread  EV  adoption  -  cost.  I  compare  the  total  cost  of  ownership  (TCO)  of  gasoline  and  electric  vehicles  across  the  U.S.  to  provide  insight  into  consumer  decision  making  and  to  highlight  opportunities  to  lower  TCO  and  accelerate  EV  adoption.  New  EVs  are  currently  cost  competitive  only  for  small  or  low-range  models;  however,  in  the  used  vehicle  market  light-duty  EVs  of  all  sizes  are  less  costly  than  conventional  alternatives.Then,  I  discuss  vehicle  scrappage  policies,  which  have  the  potential  to  hasten  decarbonization  by  accelerating  vehicle  fleet  turnover.  I  review  the  successes  and  shortcomings  of  historic  and  contemporary  scrappage  programs  and  develop  recommendations  for  future  vehicle  scrappage  policies.The  second  half  of  this  dissertation  (Chapters  5-6)  focuses  on  medium-  and  heavy-duty  vehicles.  While  EVs  are  leading  the  way  for  light-duty  applications,  the  technological  solutions  for  larger  and  heavier  vehicles  are  less  clear.  First,  I  assess  the  use  of  green  hydrogen  for  transportation,  focusing  on  the  energy  efficiency  and  intensity  of  different  hydrogen  pathways.  Hydrogen  fuel  cell  vehicles  use  3-4  times  more  renewable  electricity  than  EVs  and  should  be  strategically  deployed  only  in  situations  where  electrification  is  not  viable.Lastly,  I  conduct  a  life  cycle  assessment  of  the  GHG  emissions  of  battery  electric  and  hydrogen  fuel  cell  medium-  and  heavy-duty  vehicles,  using  a  parametric  model  to  assess  which  powertrain  is  environmentally  preferable  across  a  range  of  sizes,  cargo  weights,  and  driving  patterns.  Both  alternative  powertrains  can  achieve  significant  GHG  reductions  compared  to  diesel  vehicles;  however,  fuel  cell  vehicles  have  higher  renewable  electricity  demands  and  have  an  indirect  global  warming  impact  from  hydrogen  leakage  throughout  the  supply  chain.Collectively,  these  studies  provide  a  view  towards  the  future  of  road  transportation  and  the  technology  and  policy  tools  needed  to  decarbonize  the  sector.  Decarbonization  requires  ambitious  goals  with  clear  emissions  reduction  pathways,  deployment  of  new  technologies  and  infrastructure,  and  increased  policy  support  to  align  economic  and  environmental  drivers  that  will  accelerate  the  transition.  Implementing  these  strategies  rapidly,  efficiently,  and  justly  gives  the  road  transportation  sector  an  opportunity  to  meet  emissions  goals  and  mitigate  climate  change.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aSystems  science
■650  4▼aTransportation
■650  4▼aSustainability
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■653    ▼aTransportation  sustainability
■653    ▼aElectric  vehicles
■653    ▼aHydrogen  fuel  cells
■653    ▼aLife  cycle  assessment
■653    ▼aTechno-economic  analysis
■653    ▼aDecarbonization
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■690    ▼a0709
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bEnv  &  Sust  &  Mech  Eng  PhD.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360879▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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