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The Critical Role of Consent in Digital Systems
The Critical Role of Consent in Digital Systems
The Critical Role of Consent in Digital Systems

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105632
ISBN  
9798297644571
DDC  
004
저자명  
Im, Jane.
서명/저자  
The Critical Role of Consent in Digital Systems
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
196 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Toyama, Kentaro.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Consent is fundamentally about ensuring that individuals-especially those with less power-have the agency to decide whether and how an interaction should occur. For example, sex education emphasizes that only after a person who may be more vulnerable-due to factors like physical differences and social norms-grants consent, should the other party try to initiate a sexual interaction. In short, the essence of consent is ensuring that the weakest power-holder can exercise their agency.This dissertation explores the ways, values, and limitations of taking a consent-centered approach to developing digital technologies. Specifically, I theorize and empirically demonstrate how centering the consent of users, who often hold less power than system creators, results in designing and building a new class of systems that better support users' nuanced needs around privacy, safety, and agency.I first propose a theoretical framework of affirmative consent, which I define as being voluntary, informed, specific, revertible, and unburdensome. Drawing from this framework, I develop concrete designs for social media systems that prioritize giving users more agency over their online interactions and data. These designs show that the affirmative consent framework is useful for rethinking many of the traditional assumptions made by system creators, which are often legalistic or engineering-driven.In the remaining part of the thesis, I present two systems projects where I design, build, and deploy specific interfaces and systems that better respect users' consent. First, I focus on the problem of social platforms not giving users findable advertisement settings. Ad settings are among the most basic consent-granting mechanisms for user data. However, research shows that many users are unaware of these settings, due to their poor findability. To address this, I redesigned advertisement control interfaces, guided by the affirmative consent framework. I implemented and deployed these interfaces on Facebook using a Chrome extension, and conducted an online experiment to evaluate their effectiveness. The results showed that the framework is practically implementable and that users appreciated the redesigned controls.That work primarily shows the affirmative consent framework improving the usability of consent-granting interfaces, but the framework extends beyond usability. In the next chapter, I apply it to a complex, interpersonal context: I designed and built a novel social media platform called Moa (모아), which aims to enable sensitive information-sharing around problematic power dynamics. Moa introduces a set of consent-based features; among them, the most novel element is called the "consent boundary"-a mechanism that enables users to anonymously specify who can view their posts or comments, based on contextual attributes that existing permission models do not provide, such as lived experience or social identities. A 3-week field study in two PhD programs showed that Moa's users engaged in a range of sensitive conversations about PhD advising relationships, and that the consent boundaries lowered the barrier to participation for some users. This chapter overall demonstrates that consent-centered systems can enable risky discussions required for social change, by giving users the agency to define their own conditions of engagement.In sum, this dissertation contributes a theoretical framework and empirical evidence of a consent-centered approach to systems design. At its most radical, the affirmative consent approach challenges dominant assumptions held by system creators, and asserts that users should have mechanisms to freely configure systems on their own terms-mechanisms that go beyond access and privacy controls.
일반주제명  
Computer science
일반주제명  
Information technology
일반주제명  
Information science
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
키워드  
Digital systems
키워드  
Human-computer interaction
키워드  
Social computing
키워드  
Agency
키워드  
Privacy
기타저자  
University of Michigan Info & Comp Sci & Engin PhD
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
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■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aConsent  is  fundamentally  about  ensuring  that  individuals-especially  those  with  less  power-have  the  agency  to  decide  whether  and  how  an  interaction  should  occur.  For  example,  sex  education  emphasizes  that  only  after  a  person  who  may  be  more  vulnerable-due  to  factors  like  physical  differences  and  social  norms-grants  consent,  should  the  other  party  try  to  initiate  a  sexual  interaction.  In  short,  the  essence  of  consent  is  ensuring  that  the  weakest  power-holder  can  exercise  their  agency.This  dissertation  explores  the  ways,  values,  and  limitations  of  taking  a  consent-centered  approach  to  developing  digital  technologies.  Specifically,  I  theorize  and  empirically  demonstrate  how  centering  the  consent  of  users,  who  often  hold  less  power  than  system  creators,  results  in  designing  and  building  a  new  class  of  systems  that  better  support  users'  nuanced  needs  around  privacy,  safety,  and  agency.I  first  propose  a  theoretical  framework  of  affirmative  consent,  which  I  define  as  being  voluntary,  informed,  specific,  revertible,  and  unburdensome.  Drawing  from  this  framework,  I  develop  concrete  designs  for  social  media  systems  that  prioritize  giving  users  more  agency  over  their  online  interactions  and  data.  These  designs  show  that  the  affirmative  consent  framework  is  useful  for  rethinking  many  of  the  traditional  assumptions  made  by  system  creators,  which  are  often  legalistic  or  engineering-driven.In  the  remaining  part  of  the  thesis,  I  present  two  systems  projects  where  I  design,  build,  and  deploy  specific  interfaces  and  systems  that  better  respect  users'  consent.  First,  I  focus  on  the  problem  of  social  platforms  not  giving  users  findable  advertisement  settings.  Ad  settings  are  among  the  most  basic  consent-granting  mechanisms  for  user  data.  However,  research  shows  that  many  users  are  unaware  of  these  settings,  due  to  their  poor  findability.  To  address  this,  I  redesigned  advertisement  control  interfaces,  guided  by  the  affirmative  consent  framework.  I  implemented  and  deployed  these  interfaces  on  Facebook  using  a  Chrome  extension,  and  conducted  an  online  experiment  to  evaluate  their  effectiveness.  The  results  showed  that  the  framework  is  practically  implementable  and  that  users  appreciated  the  redesigned  controls.That  work  primarily  shows  the  affirmative  consent  framework  improving  the  usability  of  consent-granting  interfaces,  but  the  framework  extends  beyond  usability.  In  the  next  chapter,  I  apply  it  to  a  complex,  interpersonal  context:  I  designed  and  built  a  novel  social  media  platform  called  Moa  (모아),  which  aims  to  enable  sensitive  information-sharing  around  problematic  power  dynamics.  Moa  introduces  a  set  of  consent-based  features;  among  them,  the  most  novel  element  is  called  the  "consent  boundary"-a  mechanism  that  enables  users  to  anonymously  specify  who  can  view  their  posts  or  comments,  based  on  contextual  attributes  that  existing  permission  models  do  not  provide,  such  as  lived  experience  or  social  identities.  A  3-week  field  study  in  two  PhD  programs  showed  that  Moa's  users  engaged  in  a  range  of  sensitive  conversations  about  PhD  advising  relationships,  and  that  the  consent  boundaries  lowered  the  barrier  to  participation  for  some  users.  This  chapter  overall  demonstrates  that  consent-centered  systems  can  enable  risky  discussions  required  for  social  change,  by  giving  users  the  agency  to  define  their  own  conditions  of  engagement.In  sum,  this  dissertation  contributes  a  theoretical  framework  and  empirical  evidence  of  a  consent-centered  approach  to  systems  design.  At  its  most  radical,  the  affirmative  consent  approach  challenges  dominant  assumptions  held  by  system  creators,  and  asserts  that  users  should  have  mechanisms  to  freely  configure  systems  on  their  own  terms-mechanisms  that  go  beyond  access  and  privacy  controls.
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■653    ▼aDigital  systems
■653    ▼aHuman-computer  interaction
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■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360881▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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