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Omics Approach to Elucidating Skin Immunity in Health and Fibrosis
Omics Approach to Elucidating Skin Immunity in Health and Fibrosis
Omics Approach to Elucidating Skin Immunity in Health and Fibrosis

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105633
ISBN  
9798297644489
DDC  
616.079
저자명  
Xing, Enze.
서명/저자  
Omics Approach to Elucidating Skin Immunity in Health and Fibrosis
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
136 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gudjonsson, Johann E.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The skin is a highly immunologically relevant organ which serves as the body's first barrier against the environment, providing protection against external insults including trauma, pathogens, and toxins. To perform these functions, the skin relies on immune components, including immune cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, T cells, and B cells which are found in the skin at homeostasis, but can also be recruited during inflammation. In addition, structural skin cells such as keratinocytes and fibroblasts have recently been recognized as non-classical innate immune cells due to their ability to detect and respond to pathological stimulation by modulating the immune response. Identification of these populations at homeostasis and in different contexts allows for the unraveling of the cellular functions and cell-cell interactions within disease states, resulting in the ability to identify treatments based on the underlying pathophysiological landscape. Omics approaches including single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing are helpful tools to achieve these detailed characterizations of the healthy and diseased states of skin.Our first objective was to determine if skin immunity was consistent within the organ in healthy conditions. Palmoplantar (PP) skin has been shown to be functionally and histologically distinct from non-PP skin, indicating PP skin may embody a unique immunological niche. We aimed to identify these differences by performing single-cell RNA-sequencing on CD45+ immune cells isolated from matched palm and hip biopsies from 5 healthy donors. We identified similar immune cell numbers between PP and non-PP skin, and the primary cell types isolated were myeloid and T cells. The myeloid populations between the skin sites were distinct, but Langerhans cells (LCs) were the primary myeloid cell type in both PP and non-PP skin, with transcriptomic analysis suggesting functional differences between the LC subtypes enriched in PP and non-PP skin. While the T cell populations were fairly consistent between the two sites, they also appeared functionally distinct, with palmar CD4 and CD8 T cells exhibiting increased activation compared to those from the hip. Overall, these results define PP skin as a distinct immunological site and suggest special attention should be given to the research of PP presentations of common inflammatory dermatoses.Our second objective was to utilize omics approaches to understand the pathological mechanisms of pansclerotic morphea (PSM), a rare, devastating disease characterized by extensive soft tissue fibrosis, secondary contractions, and significant morbidity. PSM pathogenesis is unknown, and aggressive immunosuppressive treatments rarely slow disease progression. We characterized molecular mechanisms driving PSM using single-cell and spatial RNA-sequencing with immunostaining and in vitro validation. We identified dense myeloid, B cell, and T cell infiltration in PSM lesional skin, with type-II IFN secretion by T cells. A type-II IFN responsive CXCL9+ fibroblast population was enriched in PSM, characterized by increased chemokine and antigen presentation machinery expression. We also identified COL8A1+ myofibroblasts, with enriched TGF-β response and extracellular matrix remodeling functions. Finally, cell-cell interaction analyses revealed cDC2B dendritic cells as a key communication hub between CXCL9+ fibroblasts and COL8A1+ myofibroblasts. Overall, these results define PSM as an autoimmune fibrotic condition centered on type-II IFN responses. This work identified pathogenic circuits between T-cells, cDC2Bs, and myofibroblasts, and suggests JAK1/2 inhibition is a potential therapeutic option in PSM.In addition to their individual findings, these works demonstrate the effective application of omics approaches to address outstanding questions in the field of skin immunology.
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Dermatology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
키워드  
Healthy skin
키워드  
Fibrosis
키워드  
RNA sequencing
키워드  
Palmoplantar
기타저자  
University of Michigan Immunology PhD
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aOmics  Approach  to  Elucidating  Skin  Immunity  in  Health  and  Fibrosis
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a136  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gudjonsson,  Johann  E.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  skin  is  a  highly  immunologically  relevant  organ  which  serves  as  the  body's  first  barrier  against  the  environment,  providing  protection  against  external  insults  including  trauma,  pathogens,  and  toxins.  To  perform  these  functions,  the  skin  relies  on  immune  components,  including  immune  cells  such  as  macrophages,  dendritic  cells,  mast  cells,  T  cells,  and  B  cells  which  are  found  in  the  skin  at  homeostasis,  but  can  also  be  recruited  during  inflammation.  In  addition,  structural  skin  cells  such  as  keratinocytes  and  fibroblasts  have  recently  been  recognized  as  non-classical  innate  immune  cells  due  to  their  ability  to  detect  and  respond  to  pathological  stimulation  by  modulating  the  immune  response.  Identification  of  these  populations  at  homeostasis  and  in  different  contexts  allows  for  the  unraveling  of  the  cellular  functions  and  cell-cell  interactions  within  disease  states,  resulting  in  the  ability  to  identify  treatments  based  on  the  underlying  pathophysiological  landscape.  Omics  approaches  including  single-cell  and  spatial  RNA  sequencing  are  helpful  tools  to  achieve  these  detailed  characterizations  of  the  healthy  and  diseased  states  of  skin.Our  first  objective  was  to  determine  if  skin  immunity  was  consistent  within  the  organ  in  healthy  conditions.  Palmoplantar  (PP)  skin  has  been  shown  to  be  functionally  and  histologically  distinct  from  non-PP  skin,  indicating  PP  skin  may  embody  a  unique  immunological  niche.  We  aimed  to  identify  these  differences  by  performing  single-cell  RNA-sequencing  on  CD45+  immune  cells  isolated  from  matched  palm  and  hip  biopsies  from  5  healthy  donors.  We  identified  similar  immune  cell  numbers  between  PP  and  non-PP  skin,  and  the  primary  cell  types  isolated  were  myeloid  and  T  cells.  The  myeloid  populations  between  the  skin  sites  were  distinct,  but  Langerhans  cells  (LCs)  were  the  primary  myeloid  cell  type  in  both  PP  and  non-PP  skin,  with  transcriptomic  analysis  suggesting  functional  differences  between  the  LC  subtypes  enriched  in  PP  and  non-PP  skin.  While  the  T  cell  populations  were  fairly  consistent  between  the  two  sites,  they  also  appeared  functionally  distinct,  with  palmar  CD4  and  CD8  T  cells  exhibiting  increased  activation  compared  to  those  from  the  hip.  Overall,  these  results  define  PP  skin  as  a  distinct  immunological  site  and  suggest  special  attention  should  be  given  to  the  research  of  PP  presentations  of  common  inflammatory  dermatoses.Our  second  objective  was  to  utilize  omics  approaches  to  understand  the  pathological  mechanisms  of  pansclerotic  morphea  (PSM),  a  rare,  devastating  disease  characterized  by  extensive  soft  tissue  fibrosis,  secondary  contractions,  and  significant  morbidity.  PSM  pathogenesis  is  unknown,  and  aggressive  immunosuppressive  treatments  rarely  slow  disease  progression.  We  characterized  molecular  mechanisms  driving  PSM  using  single-cell  and  spatial  RNA-sequencing  with  immunostaining  and  in  vitro  validation.  We  identified  dense  myeloid,  B  cell,  and  T  cell  infiltration  in  PSM  lesional  skin,  with  type-II  IFN  secretion  by  T  cells.  A  type-II  IFN  responsive  CXCL9+  fibroblast  population  was  enriched  in  PSM,  characterized  by  increased  chemokine  and  antigen  presentation  machinery  expression.  We  also  identified  COL8A1+  myofibroblasts,  with  enriched  TGF-β  response  and  extracellular  matrix  remodeling  functions.  Finally,  cell-cell  interaction  analyses  revealed  cDC2B  dendritic  cells  as  a  key  communication  hub  between  CXCL9+  fibroblasts  and  COL8A1+  myofibroblasts.  Overall,  these  results  define  PSM  as  an  autoimmune  fibrotic  condition  centered  on  type-II  IFN  responses.  This  work  identified  pathogenic  circuits  between  T-cells,  cDC2Bs,  and  myofibroblasts,  and  suggests  JAK1/2  inhibition  is  a  potential  therapeutic  option  in  PSM.In  addition  to  their  individual  findings,  these  works  demonstrate  the  effective  application  of  omics  approaches  to  address  outstanding  questions  in  the  field  of  skin  immunology.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aDermatology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■653    ▼aHealthy  skin
■653    ▼aFibrosis
■653    ▼aRNA  sequencing
■653    ▼aPalmoplantar
■690    ▼a0982
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0757
■690    ▼a0307
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bImmunology  PhD.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360883▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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