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Secretary Problems, Prophet Inequalities, and Contention Resolution Schemes
Secretary Problems, Prophet Inequalities, and Contention Resolution Schemes
Secretary Problems, Prophet Inequalities, and Contention Resolution Schemes

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104737
ISBN  
9798290649269
DDC  
519.2
저자명  
Nuti, Pranav.
서명/저자  
Secretary Problems, Prophet Inequalities, and Contention Resolution Schemes
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
165 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Vondrak, Jan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In this thesis, we study online selection problems, focusing on variants of secretary problems, prophet inequalities, and contention resolution schemes.In chapter 2, we study variants of the secretary problem where the observations Xj are draws from distributions Dj, and we wish to find algorithms which maximize the probability of selecting the largest draw. In case we have access to the distributions and the draws are randomly ordered, we give an optimal algorithm with success probability 0.5801, matching the case where the distributions are identical, and establishing a conjecture of Esfandiari et al. We then study variants where we only have sample access to the distributions. Our main results in the context are: (i) an algorithm with success probability 0.5009 in the single sample random order case (nearly matching the upper bound of ≃ 0.5024); (ii) an optimal algorithm with success probability 0.25 in the single sample adversarial order case.In chapter 3, we study prophet inequalities with cancellation costs. Most of the literature on online selection problems focuses on settings with irrevocable decisions. In contrast, we consider a model in which after deciding to select some variable Xj, we may still choose to discard it and accept another variable Xj at a buyback cost of f X₁. The goal is to maximize the expected value of the final accepted variable minus the cost of discarding all the other accepted variables. Our main results are: (i) in case f≥ 1. an optimal prophet inequality with competitive ratio 1+f/1+2f; (ii) in case f→ 0. an asymptotically optimal prophet inequality with competitive ratio 1 − Θ ( f log( 1/f ) ) .In chapter 4, we study contention resolution schemes (CRSs) for matchings focusing on the regime with vanishing edge probabilities. Our main results in this regime are: (i) an optimal ≃ 0.544-selectable CRS in the offline case; (ii) a conjecturally optimal ≃ 0.382-selectable OCRS in the adversarial order case, along with an upper bound of 0.390 on the selectability; (iii) an optimal 0.5-selectable RCRS in the random order case; and (iv) a ≃0.510-selectable CRS in the free order case. In the non-vanishing regime, we construct a 0.509-selectable contention resolution scheme for bipartite matchings, establishing for the first time, a separation between offline and random order online contention resolution schemes.
일반주제명  
Probability
일반주제명  
Linear programming
일반주제명  
Success
일반주제명  
Bids
일반주제명  
Decision making
일반주제명  
Applied mathematics
키워드  
Secretary problems
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aNuti,  Pranav.
■24510▼aSecretary  Problems,  Prophet  Inequalities,  and  Contention  Resolution  Schemes
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a165  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Vondrak,  Jan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  this  thesis,  we  study  online  selection  problems,  focusing  on  variants  of  secretary  problems,  prophet  inequalities,  and  contention  resolution  schemes.In  chapter  2,  we  study  variants  of  the  secretary  problem  where  the  observations  Xj  are  draws  from  distributions  Dj,  and  we  wish  to  find  algorithms  which  maximize  the  probability  of  selecting  the  largest  draw.  In  case  we  have  access  to  the  distributions  and  the  draws  are  randomly  ordered,  we  give  an  optimal  algorithm  with  success  probability  0.5801,  matching  the  case  where  the  distributions  are  identical,  and  establishing  a  conjecture  of  Esfandiari  et  al.  We  then  study  variants  where  we  only  have  sample  access  to  the  distributions.  Our  main  results  in  the  context  are:  (i)  an  algorithm  with  success  probability  0.5009  in  the  single  sample  random  order  case  (nearly  matching  the  upper  bound  of  ≃  0.5024);  (ii)  an  optimal  algorithm  with  success  probability  0.25  in  the  single  sample  adversarial  order  case.In  chapter  3,  we  study  prophet  inequalities  with  cancellation  costs.  Most  of  the  literature  on  online  selection  problems  focuses  on  settings  with  irrevocable  decisions.  In  contrast,  we  consider  a  model  in  which  after  deciding  to  select  some  variable  Xj,  we  may  still  choose  to  discard  it  and  accept  another  variable  Xj  at  a  buyback  cost  of  f  X₁.  The  goal  is  to  maximize  the  expected  value  of  the  final  accepted  variable  minus  the  cost  of  discarding  all  the  other  accepted  variables.  Our  main  results  are:  (i)  in  case  f≥  1.  an  optimal  prophet  inequality  with  competitive  ratio  1+f/1+2f;  (ii)  in  case  f→  0.  an  asymptotically  optimal  prophet  inequality  with  competitive  ratio  1  −  Θ  (  f  log(  1/f  )  )  .In  chapter  4,  we  study  contention  resolution  schemes  (CRSs)  for  matchings  focusing  on  the  regime  with  vanishing  edge  probabilities.  Our  main  results  in  this  regime  are:  (i)  an  optimal  ≃  0.544-selectable  CRS  in  the  offline  case;  (ii)  a  conjecturally  optimal  ≃  0.382-selectable  OCRS  in  the  adversarial  order  case,  along  with  an  upper  bound  of  0.390  on  the  selectability;  (iii)  an  optimal  0.5-selectable  RCRS  in  the  random  order  case;  and  (iv)  a  ≃0.510-selectable  CRS  in  the  free  order  case.  In  the  non-vanishing  regime,  we  construct  a  0.509-selectable  contention  resolution  scheme  for  bipartite  matchings,  establishing  for  the  first  time,  a  separation  between  offline  and  random  order  online  contention  resolution  schemes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aProbability
■650  4▼aLinear  programming
■650  4▼aSuccess
■650  4▼aBids
■650  4▼aDecision  making
■650  4▼aApplied  mathematics
■653    ▼aSecretary  problems
■690    ▼a0364
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358687▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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