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Essays in the Economics of Gender
Essays in the Economics of Gender
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104737
- ISBN
- 9798290649054
- DDC
- 612
- 저자명
- Liu, Zhili Lily.
- 서명/저자
- Essays in the Economics of Gender
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 175 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Niederle, Muriel;Voena, Alessandra.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The chapters in this dissertation use experimental and empirical methods to study topics in the economics of gender.The first chapter focuses on a gender difference in behavior, the gender gap in apologies, and studies how it affects women's labor market outcomes. We use an online experiment to study a behavioral gap that helps explain gender disparities in the labor market: the gender gap in apologies. We hypothesize that women are more likely to apologize than men, conditional on having the same ability. Apologies could be seen as a signal of incompetence, which might hold women back in the labor market. We first provide evidence for the gender apology gap and explore confidence as a reason behind it. We find that while the gender confidence gap plays a role, it cannot fully explain the apology gap. Regarding the labor market consequences of the gender apology gap, we show that employers infer lower ability from workers' apologies and do not take gender differences into account when making ability inferences. As a result, employers tend to judge female workers' abilities more negatively. To test the robustness of the apology gap, we conduct two additional experiments and find that it varies with the wording of the apology and the experimental context. Finally, we complement our experimental findings with external evidence from surveys and congressional speech data.The second chapter studies how men and women are evaluated differently. This chapter investigates gender-based attribution bias-the tendency to attribute men's success to ability and women's failure to a lack of ability-using a controlled principal-agent online experiment. We test for this bias across male- and female-typed tasks. In male-typed tasks, we find evidence of attribution bias after task success: principals are more likely to attribute success to ability when the agent is male. We do not observe such bias following failure. In contrast, in female-typed tasks, we find bias against men following task failure, pointing to the importance of task domain in shaping attribution patterns. Our design allows us to rule out taste-based and statistical discrimination. Attribution bias is stronger among individuals with more regressive gender attitudes, but only for male-typed tasks, suggesting an attitudinal basis for attribution patterns.The third chapter dives into a developing context and studies how an important marriage institution, polygyny, affects developmental outcomes. Polygyny, a historically widespread tradition, is still prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. We test whether polygyny crowds out savings, which could lead to slower development in polygynous communities. Our main hypothesis is that men use marriage as a way of saving. We propose a model and test its predictions using the data from the Hunger Safety Net Programme in Kenya, which provided exogenous income shocks to a subset of the population. We find that the data tends to support predictions of the model, which suggests that men indeed view wives as a form of savings to some degree. In particular, men in communities with higher rates of polygyny marry more wives and save less in cash and livestock after receiving a cash transfer.
- 일반주제명
- Gender differences
- 일반주제명
- Marriage
- 일반주제명
- Speeches
- 일반주제명
- Confidence
- 일반주제명
- Age groups
- 일반주제명
- Apologies
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290649054
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■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordjm848qz5833
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a612
■1001 ▼aLiu, Zhili Lily.
■24510▼aEssays in the Economics of Gender
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a175 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Niederle, Muriel;Voena, Alessandra.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
■520 ▼aThe chapters in this dissertation use experimental and empirical methods to study topics in the economics of gender.The first chapter focuses on a gender difference in behavior, the gender gap in apologies, and studies how it affects women's labor market outcomes. We use an online experiment to study a behavioral gap that helps explain gender disparities in the labor market: the gender gap in apologies. We hypothesize that women are more likely to apologize than men, conditional on having the same ability. Apologies could be seen as a signal of incompetence, which might hold women back in the labor market. We first provide evidence for the gender apology gap and explore confidence as a reason behind it. We find that while the gender confidence gap plays a role, it cannot fully explain the apology gap. Regarding the labor market consequences of the gender apology gap, we show that employers infer lower ability from workers' apologies and do not take gender differences into account when making ability inferences. As a result, employers tend to judge female workers' abilities more negatively. To test the robustness of the apology gap, we conduct two additional experiments and find that it varies with the wording of the apology and the experimental context. Finally, we complement our experimental findings with external evidence from surveys and congressional speech data.The second chapter studies how men and women are evaluated differently. This chapter investigates gender-based attribution bias-the tendency to attribute men's success to ability and women's failure to a lack of ability-using a controlled principal-agent online experiment. We test for this bias across male- and female-typed tasks. In male-typed tasks, we find evidence of attribution bias after task success: principals are more likely to attribute success to ability when the agent is male. We do not observe such bias following failure. In contrast, in female-typed tasks, we find bias against men following task failure, pointing to the importance of task domain in shaping attribution patterns. Our design allows us to rule out taste-based and statistical discrimination. Attribution bias is stronger among individuals with more regressive gender attitudes, but only for male-typed tasks, suggesting an attitudinal basis for attribution patterns.The third chapter dives into a developing context and studies how an important marriage institution, polygyny, affects developmental outcomes. Polygyny, a historically widespread tradition, is still prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa. We test whether polygyny crowds out savings, which could lead to slower development in polygynous communities. Our main hypothesis is that men use marriage as a way of saving. We propose a model and test its predictions using the data from the Hunger Safety Net Programme in Kenya, which provided exogenous income shocks to a subset of the population. We find that the data tends to support predictions of the model, which suggests that men indeed view wives as a form of savings to some degree. In particular, men in communities with higher rates of polygyny marry more wives and save less in cash and livestock after receiving a cash transfer.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aGender differences
■650 4▼aMarriage
■650 4▼aSpeeches
■650 4▼aConfidence
■650 4▼aAge groups
■650 4▼aApologies
■653 ▼aGender difference
■690 ▼a0511
■690 ▼a0501
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03A.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358688▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


