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Mapping the Therapeutic Checkpoints of the STING Pathway
Mapping the Therapeutic Checkpoints of the STING Pathway
Mapping the Therapeutic Checkpoints of the STING Pathway

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104738
ISBN  
9798290651125
DDC  
572.57
저자명  
Mardjuki, Rachel Elicia.
서명/저자  
Mapping the Therapeutic Checkpoints of the STING Pathway
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
133 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Li, Lingyin.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약Cancer immunotherapy has been heralded for major breakthroughs in treating otherwise terminal patients. However, it is not currently effective for a high percentage of patients and cancers. A growing body of evidence shows that the activation of the innate immune system is required for the adaptive checkpoint blockades to be effective.The cGAMP-STING pathway allows for the detection of cancer by the immune system. Produced by cancer cells upon the presence of dsDNA in the cytosol, cGAMP is exported into the extracellular space where it then goes on to activate the innate immune system. Studying the regulation of cGAMP and understanding when it is produced, how it is transported, and how it is hydrolyzed is therefore critical to developing novel anticancer treatments that harness the cGAMP-STING pathway.This thesis contributes to understanding the regulation of cGAMP in two ways. First, existing tools to quantify cGAMP fall short of scientific needs, particularly in terms of accessibility and throughput. The development of cGAMP-Luc, a high-throughput, sensitive and precise enzymatic assay for the quantitation of cGAMP in complex biological samples bridges this gap. cGAMP-Luc has and will continue to enable the characterization of transporters of cGAMP such as LRRC8A, an ion channel that is both an importer and exporter of cGAMP. cGAMP-Luc also enables the development of novel inhibitors of cGAMP hydrolases through high-throughput characterization of their Ki.Second, the hydrolases of cGAMP are particularly important targets for inhibition in the treatment of cancer. Through studies of ENPP1-/-mice, this thesis identifies ENPP3 as a cGAMP hydrolase. ENPP3 is biochemically very similar to ENPP1, the first known hydrolase of cGAMP. However, because they display very orthogonal tissue-specific expression, they are not completely redundant enzymes. In particular, ENPP1 and ENPP3 both play a role in regulating the growth of primary orthotopic breast tumors. However, though ENPP1 has been shown to play a role in both breast cancer and melanoma metastasis, ENPP3 has only been shown to play a role in melanoma metastasis. Further studies will examine how these two enzymes can be so similar biochemically but so different physiologically.
일반주제명  
Adenosine
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Venom
일반주제명  
Pathogens
일반주제명  
Insulin resistance
일반주제명  
Acids
일반주제명  
Antibodies
일반주제명  
Allergies
일반주제명  
Bile ducts
일반주제명  
Metabolism
일반주제명  
Small intestine
일반주제명  
Signal transduction
일반주제명  
Allergens
일반주제명  
Immune system
일반주제명  
Viruses
일반주제명  
Glycosylation
일반주제명  
Snakes
일반주제명  
Phosphorylation
일반주제명  
Interferon
일반주제명  
Cell division
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

 008260126s2023        us                              c    eng  d
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■020    ▼a9798290651125
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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordkc070nx0984
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a572.57
■1001  ▼aMardjuki,  Rachel  Elicia.
■24510▼aMapping  the  Therapeutic  Checkpoints  of  the  STING  Pathway
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a133  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Li,  Lingyin.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aCancer  immunotherapy  has  been  heralded  for  major  breakthroughs  in  treating  otherwise  terminal  patients.  However,  it  is  not  currently  effective  for  a  high  percentage  of  patients  and  cancers.  A  growing  body  of  evidence  shows  that  the  activation  of  the  innate  immune  system  is  required  for  the  adaptive  checkpoint  blockades  to  be  effective.The  cGAMP-STING  pathway  allows  for  the  detection  of  cancer  by  the  immune  system.  Produced  by  cancer  cells  upon  the  presence  of  dsDNA  in  the  cytosol,  cGAMP  is  exported  into  the  extracellular  space  where  it  then  goes  on  to  activate  the  innate  immune  system.  Studying  the  regulation  of  cGAMP  and  understanding  when  it  is  produced,  how  it  is  transported,  and  how  it  is  hydrolyzed  is  therefore  critical  to  developing  novel  anticancer  treatments  that  harness  the  cGAMP-STING  pathway.This  thesis  contributes  to  understanding  the  regulation  of  cGAMP  in  two  ways.  First,  existing  tools  to  quantify  cGAMP  fall  short  of  scientific  needs,  particularly  in  terms  of  accessibility  and  throughput.  The  development  of  cGAMP-Luc,  a  high-throughput,  sensitive  and  precise  enzymatic  assay  for  the  quantitation  of  cGAMP  in  complex  biological  samples  bridges  this  gap.  cGAMP-Luc  has  and  will  continue  to  enable  the  characterization  of  transporters  of  cGAMP  such  as  LRRC8A,  an  ion  channel  that  is  both  an  importer  and  exporter  of  cGAMP.  cGAMP-Luc  also  enables  the  development  of  novel  inhibitors  of  cGAMP  hydrolases  through  high-throughput  characterization  of  their  Ki.Second,  the  hydrolases  of  cGAMP  are  particularly  important  targets  for  inhibition  in  the  treatment  of  cancer.  Through  studies  of  ENPP1-/-mice,  this  thesis  identifies  ENPP3  as  a  cGAMP  hydrolase.  ENPP3  is  biochemically  very  similar  to  ENPP1,  the  first  known  hydrolase  of  cGAMP.  However,  because  they  display  very  orthogonal  tissue-specific  expression,  they  are  not  completely  redundant  enzymes.  In  particular,  ENPP1  and  ENPP3  both  play  a  role  in  regulating  the  growth  of  primary  orthotopic  breast  tumors.  However,  though  ENPP1  has  been  shown  to  play  a  role  in  both  breast  cancer  and  melanoma  metastasis,  ENPP3  has  only  been  shown  to  play  a  role  in  melanoma  metastasis.  Further  studies  will  examine  how  these  two  enzymes  can  be  so  similar  biochemically  but  so  different  physiologically.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aAdenosine
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aVenom
■650  4▼aPathogens
■650  4▼aInsulin  resistance
■650  4▼aAcids
■650  4▼aAntibodies
■650  4▼aAllergies
■650  4▼aBile  ducts
■650  4▼aMetabolism
■650  4▼aSmall  intestine
■650  4▼aSignal  transduction
■650  4▼aAllergens
■650  4▼aImmune  system
■650  4▼aViruses
■650  4▼aGlycosylation
■650  4▼aSnakes
■650  4▼aPhosphorylation
■650  4▼aInterferon
■650  4▼aCell  division
■690    ▼a0719
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358693▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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