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Investigating Regulatory Mechanisms of T Cell Effector Function
Investigating Regulatory Mechanisms of T Cell Effector Function
Investigating Regulatory Mechanisms of T Cell Effector Function

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104738
ISBN  
9798290651644
DDC  
572.57
저자명  
Freitas, Katherine Ann.
서명/저자  
Investigating Regulatory Mechanisms of T Cell Effector Function
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
140 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Mackall, Crystal.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약T cells play an important role in recognizing and eliminating malignant cells, as well as providing protection from infectious pathogens. Multiple therapeutic modalities including vaccination, immune checkpoint blockade, and adoptive T cell therapy depend on robust T cell responses. Tumor microenvironments are often characterized by local immunosuppression and decreased T cell effector function. Consequently, increasing T cell effector activity in tumors is a common objective for the development of cancer therapeutics. Conversely, autoimmune disease progression is mediated by an imbalanced effector and regulatory immune response, prompting development of therapeutics to diminish T cell effector activity. Therefore, regulatory mechanisms that control differentiation and function of T cells are relevant for applications in medicine.In this dissertation, I will describe our work to identify regulators of T cell effector function. This question is first addressed in the context of cancer using a model system that mimics chronic antigen exposure to induce T cell dysfunction. Using genome-wide CRISPR screening, we identify the Meditator kinase module as a novel regulator of T cell function. We demonstrate this finding can be leveraged through genetic engineering and pharmacological approaches to augment T cell anti-tumor activity. This study further implicates interactions between the kinase module and core Mediator as a major axis of regulation of T cell differentiation. Technologies to inactivate genes are increasingly available for emerging applications in human medicine highlighting the potential for clinical translation of these findings.In the final chapter of this dissertation, I investigate the expression of immunomodulatory receptors in T cells isolated from patients with autoimmune disease. We identify receptors that are differentially expressed between effector and regulatory T cell subsets, providing a basis for selectively targeting effector T cells while preserving the function of regulatory T cells. Collectively, these studies explore multiple mechanisms to enhance or diminish T cell effector responses, providing new avenues for development of T cell directed therapeutics.
일반주제명  
Adenosine
일반주제명  
Cancer
일반주제명  
Infections
일반주제명  
Pathogens
일반주제명  
Cytotoxicity
일반주제명  
Binding sites
일반주제명  
Cytokines
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Epigenetics
일반주제명  
Metabolism
일반주제명  
Apoptosis
일반주제명  
T cell receptors
일반주제명  
CRISPR
일반주제명  
Autoimmune diseases
일반주제명  
Genetic engineering
일반주제명  
Lymphocytes
일반주제명  
Antigens
일반주제명  
Phosphorylation
일반주제명  
Viral infections
일반주제명  
Tumors
일반주제명  
Metabolites
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aFreitas,  Katherine  Ann.
■24510▼aInvestigating  Regulatory  Mechanisms  of  T  Cell  Effector  Function
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a140  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Mackall,  Crystal.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aT  cells  play  an  important  role  in  recognizing  and  eliminating  malignant  cells,  as  well  as  providing  protection  from  infectious  pathogens.  Multiple  therapeutic  modalities  including  vaccination,  immune  checkpoint  blockade,  and  adoptive  T  cell  therapy  depend  on  robust  T  cell  responses.  Tumor  microenvironments  are  often  characterized  by  local  immunosuppression  and  decreased  T  cell  effector  function.  Consequently,  increasing  T  cell  effector  activity  in  tumors  is  a  common  objective  for  the  development  of  cancer  therapeutics.  Conversely,  autoimmune  disease  progression  is  mediated  by  an  imbalanced  effector  and  regulatory  immune  response,  prompting  development  of  therapeutics  to  diminish  T  cell  effector  activity.  Therefore,  regulatory  mechanisms  that  control  differentiation  and  function  of  T  cells  are  relevant  for  applications  in  medicine.In  this  dissertation,  I  will  describe  our  work  to  identify  regulators  of  T  cell  effector  function.  This  question  is  first  addressed  in  the  context  of  cancer  using  a  model  system  that  mimics  chronic  antigen  exposure  to  induce  T  cell  dysfunction.  Using  genome-wide  CRISPR  screening,  we  identify  the  Meditator  kinase  module  as  a  novel  regulator  of  T  cell  function.  We  demonstrate  this  finding  can  be  leveraged  through  genetic  engineering  and  pharmacological  approaches  to  augment  T  cell  anti-tumor  activity.  This  study  further  implicates  interactions  between  the  kinase  module  and  core  Mediator  as  a  major  axis  of  regulation  of  T  cell  differentiation.  Technologies  to  inactivate  genes  are  increasingly  available  for  emerging  applications  in  human  medicine  highlighting  the  potential  for  clinical  translation  of  these  findings.In  the  final  chapter  of  this  dissertation,  I  investigate  the  expression  of  immunomodulatory  receptors  in  T  cells  isolated  from  patients  with  autoimmune  disease.  We  identify  receptors  that  are  differentially  expressed  between  effector  and  regulatory  T  cell  subsets,  providing  a  basis  for  selectively  targeting  effector  T  cells  while  preserving  the  function  of  regulatory  T  cells.  Collectively,  these  studies  explore  multiple  mechanisms  to  enhance  or  diminish  T  cell  effector  responses,  providing  new  avenues  for  development  of  T  cell  directed  therapeutics.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aAdenosine
■650  4▼aCancer
■650  4▼aInfections
■650  4▼aPathogens
■650  4▼aCytotoxicity
■650  4▼aBinding  sites
■650  4▼aCytokines
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aEpigenetics
■650  4▼aMetabolism
■650  4▼aApoptosis
■650  4▼aT  cell  receptors
■650  4▼aCRISPR
■650  4▼aAutoimmune  diseases
■650  4▼aGenetic  engineering
■650  4▼aLymphocytes
■650  4▼aAntigens
■650  4▼aPhosphorylation
■650  4▼aViral  infections
■650  4▼aTumors
■650  4▼aMetabolites
■690    ▼a0306
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358694▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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