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The Aphid Holobiont and the Development of Transgenic Strategies for Polerovirus Control
The Aphid Holobiont and the Development of Transgenic Strategies for Polerovirus Control
The Aphid Holobiont and the Development of Transgenic Strategies for Polerovirus Control

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105316
ISBN  
9798273309685
DDC  
581
저자명  
Preising, Stephanie Eliza.
서명/저자  
The Aphid Holobiont and the Development of Transgenic Strategies for Polerovirus Control
발행사항  
[Sl] : Cornell University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
280 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Cilia, Michelle.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), vectored by the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, is a polerovirus causing significant economic damage in global potato production. PLRV infection results in stunting, leaf rolling, and net necrosis on tubers threatening global cultivation, especially in regions with limited vector management options. Management relies on neonicotinoid insecticides, though increasing regulatory constraints and resistance in vector populations demand the development of alternative tactics. To address this need, I applied a systems level analysis of host, viral proteins, aphid biology, and microbial interactions that influence virus transmission. I then leveraged these insights to design novel virus management strategies.The green peach aphid functions as a holobiont, encompassing both aphid-associated microorganisms and plant pathogenic viruses. I explored ideas to address the pressing need for aphid and PLRV management by targeting interactions within the holobiont. I then delved into PLRV's impact on the aphid holobiont and highlight literature showing the evolutionary and mechanistic ways in which PLRV influences the holobiont during plant infection. In plants, posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a targeted antiviral defense mechanism, which PLRV suppresses using the P0 protein. P0 not only inhibits PTGS in plants but also suppresses aphid immunity against the aphid-infecting virus, Myzus persicae densovirus (MpDNV). Plant expression of P0 independent of PLRV increases MpDNV titer in aphids and enhances aphid fecundity. By generating mutants of the F-box motif critical for P0 function, I demonstrated that the activity of P0 on aphid biology is dependent on functional P0 activity. Further, I showed that additional viral proteins from other plant viruses modulate MpDNV and fecundity, suggesting that aphid RNAi pathways are finely tuned to plant RNAi pathways, independent of vector capabilities and transmission. This work reveals the molecular mechanisms underpinning vector manipulation expected to promote the spread of plant viruses in nature. To dissect aphid-borne transmission, our collaborative group previously solved the 3-D structure of the N-terminal domain of the polerovirus readthrough protein, referred to as the NRTD, for PLRV and the related Turnip yellows virus. Laboratory transmission assays showed that transgenic potato plants expressing the NRTD reduce PLRV acquisition and transmission. To test whether NRTD transgenic plant technology can be scaled to field application, we conducted two years of greenhouse experiments using mass release of thousands of PLRV-viruliferous aphids with NRTD plants as border rows or intercropped with non-transgenic plants. The NRTD plants reduce aphid movement, PLRV transmission, PLRV titer in aphids, and alter the titer of insect-infecting viruses in aphids. Select mutations in the NRTD protein structurally predicted to bind aphid receptors are insecticidal to Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii, the cotton aphid, when orally delivered via artificial diets. Together, the NRTD technology may serve as a biological control of poleroviruses and their aphid vectors. 
일반주제명  
Plant pathology
일반주제명  
Virology
일반주제명  
Entomology
일반주제명  
Plant sciences
일반주제명  
Biology
키워드  
Aphid
키워드  
Capsid proteins
키워드  
Potato leafroll virus
키워드  
Transgenic plants
키워드  
PLRV transmission
기타저자  
Cornell University Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-07B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aPreising,  Stephanie  Eliza.
■24510▼aThe  Aphid  Holobiont  and  the  Development  of  Transgenic  Strategies  for  Polerovirus  Control
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCornell  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a280  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-07,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Cilia,  Michelle.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aPotato  leafroll  virus  (PLRV),  vectored  by  the  green  peach  aphid,  Myzus  persicae,  is  a  polerovirus  causing  significant  economic  damage  in  global  potato  production.  PLRV  infection  results  in  stunting,  leaf  rolling,  and  net  necrosis  on  tubers  threatening  global  cultivation,  especially  in  regions  with  limited  vector  management  options.  Management  relies  on  neonicotinoid  insecticides,  though  increasing  regulatory  constraints  and  resistance  in  vector  populations  demand  the  development  of  alternative  tactics.  To  address  this  need,  I  applied  a  systems  level  analysis  of  host,  viral  proteins,  aphid  biology,  and  microbial  interactions  that  influence  virus  transmission.  I  then  leveraged  these  insights  to  design  novel  virus  management  strategies.The  green  peach  aphid  functions  as  a  holobiont,  encompassing  both  aphid-associated  microorganisms  and  plant  pathogenic  viruses.  I  explored  ideas  to  address  the  pressing  need  for  aphid  and  PLRV  management  by  targeting  interactions  within  the  holobiont.  I  then  delved  into  PLRV's  impact  on  the  aphid  holobiont  and  highlight  literature  showing  the  evolutionary  and  mechanistic  ways  in  which  PLRV  influences  the  holobiont  during  plant  infection. In  plants,  posttranscriptional  gene  silencing  (PTGS)  is  a  targeted  antiviral  defense  mechanism,  which  PLRV  suppresses  using  the  P0  protein.  P0  not  only  inhibits  PTGS  in  plants  but  also  suppresses  aphid  immunity  against  the  aphid-infecting  virus,  Myzus  persicae  densovirus  (MpDNV).  Plant  expression  of  P0  independent  of  PLRV  increases  MpDNV  titer  in  aphids  and  enhances  aphid  fecundity.  By  generating  mutants  of  the  F-box  motif  critical  for  P0  function,  I  demonstrated  that  the  activity  of  P0  on  aphid  biology  is  dependent  on  functional  P0  activity.  Further,  I  showed  that  additional  viral  proteins  from  other  plant  viruses  modulate  MpDNV  and  fecundity, suggesting  that  aphid  RNAi  pathways  are  finely  tuned  to  plant  RNAi  pathways,  independent  of  vector  capabilities  and  transmission.  This  work  reveals  the  molecular  mechanisms  underpinning  vector  manipulation  expected  to  promote  the  spread  of  plant  viruses  in  nature. To  dissect  aphid-borne  transmission,  our  collaborative  group  previously  solved  the  3-D  structure  of  the  N-terminal  domain  of  the  polerovirus  readthrough  protein,  referred  to  as  the  NRTD,  for  PLRV  and  the  related  Turnip  yellows  virus.  Laboratory  transmission  assays  showed  that  transgenic  potato  plants  expressing  the  NRTD  reduce  PLRV  acquisition  and  transmission.  To  test  whether  NRTD  transgenic  plant  technology  can  be  scaled  to  field  application,  we  conducted  two  years  of  greenhouse  experiments  using  mass  release  of  thousands  of  PLRV-viruliferous  aphids  with  NRTD  plants  as  border  rows  or  intercropped  with  non-transgenic  plants.  The  NRTD  plants  reduce  aphid  movement,  PLRV  transmission,  PLRV  titer  in  aphids,  and  alter  the  titer  of  insect-infecting  viruses  in  aphids.  Select  mutations  in  the  NRTD  protein  structurally  predicted  to  bind  aphid  receptors  are  insecticidal  to  Myzus  persicae  and  Aphis  gossypii,  the  cotton  aphid,  when  orally  delivered  via  artificial  diets.  Together,  the  NRTD  technology  may  serve  as  a  biological  control  of  poleroviruses  and  their  aphid  vectors. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■650  4▼aPlant  pathology
■650  4▼aVirology
■650  4▼aEntomology
■650  4▼aPlant  sciences
■650  4▼aBiology
■653    ▼aAphid
■653    ▼aCapsid  proteins
■653    ▼aPotato  leafroll  virus
■653    ▼aTransgenic  plants
■653    ▼aPLRV  transmission
■690    ▼a0480
■690    ▼a0720
■690    ▼a0353
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0479
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bPlant  Pathology  and  Plant-Microbe  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-07B.
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360181▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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