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Unveiling the Nexus of Energy Efficiency, Carbon Emissions, and Energy Affordability for Sustainable Buildings
Unveiling the Nexus of Energy Efficiency, Carbon Emissions, and Energy Affordability for S...
Unveiling the Nexus of Energy Efficiency, Carbon Emissions, and Energy Affordability for Sustainable Buildings

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105318
ISBN  
9798297671850
DDC  
333.79
저자명  
Yang, Yizhi.
서명/저자  
Unveiling the Nexus of Energy Efficiency, Carbon Emissions, and Energy Affordability for Sustainable Buildings
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
212 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Zuo, Wangda.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Building operations account for approximately 30% of global carbon emissions. Retrofitting existing buildings to improve energy efficiency can indirectly reduce emissions by lowering overall energy demand. However, the quantifiable impact of retrofit measures varies significantly across different climatic and regional contexts, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation. Moreover, beyond carbon reduction, affordability must also be considered, as retrofit measures can have substantial economic implications. This dissertation develops and applies multi-scale building energy modeling frameworks to assess the interconnected impacts of energy efficiency, carbon emissions, and energy affordability, aiming to support the development of affordable and sustainable buildings. To achieve this objective, it comprehensively evaluates the trade-offs between energy consumption, carbon emissions, and affordability by analyzing the impact of these measures at multiple scales. Furthermore, to enhance multifaceted decision-making, an innovative large-scale building energy modeling (BEM) framework is developed, leveraging online housing data to improve the effectiveness and applicability of building assessments.First, to investigate the correlation between energy efficiency improvements and carbon emissions reduction, this dissertation proposes a method to evaluate the long-term carbon reduction potential of building retrofits quantitatively. The approach is initially demonstrated using representative school buildings in hot climate zones. The results indicate that the aggregated carbon emissions reduction potential will decrease from 3.33 to 2.01 megatons between 2024 and 2050 due to the increasing penetration of renewable energy. To scale beyond individual regional case studies, this dissertation conducts a national assessment of K-12 school buildings to examine regional variations in carbon reduction potential. The findings indicate that even within the same climate zone, grid composition plays a critical role in determining retrofit effectiveness. Building on this method, it is further integrated with large-scale BEM to assess the broader impacts under future climate trends, demonstrated using commercial buildings in the northwestern U.S. The results suggest that while the long-term carbon reduction potential of retrofitted buildings will decline with increasing clean energy penetration, future climate trends will also significantly impact carbon intensity. By applying both representative building energy models and large-scale BEM, this study provides a comprehensive approach to understanding and quantifying the effectiveness of retrofit measures in reducing carbon emissions across different spatial and temporal scales.While building retrofits contribute to carbon reduction, addressing energy affordability in residential buildings is crucial for balanced decarbonization. This dissertation expands its scope to examine how retrofit measures impact energy affordability for homeowners across diverse climate zones. Hence, to address these challenges, this dissertation develops a quantitative assessment framework that evaluates the trade-offs between energy efficiency, carbon emissions, and economic impacts of building retrofit measures. Then, the method is demonstrated using single-family detached houses with common energy efficiency retrofit (EER) and electrification measures. While electrification successfully lowers emissions in cooling-dominant climates, it significantly increases energy burdens in heating-dominant regions, with household energy costs rising by as much as 8.24% in some cases. This underscores the need for tailored decarbonization strategies based on regional climate characteristics. In addition, EER measures in highly electrified buildings can shorten payback periods by up to 48.98%, highlighting the trade-off between decarbonization and energy affordability.
일반주제명  
Energy modeling
일반주제명  
Energy consumption
일반주제명  
Climate change
일반주제명  
Decision making
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Sustainability
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aYang,  Yizhi.
■24510▼aUnveiling  the  Nexus  of  Energy  Efficiency,  Carbon  Emissions,  and  Energy  Affordability  for  Sustainable  Buildings
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a212  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Zuo,  Wangda.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aBuilding  operations  account  for  approximately  30%  of  global  carbon  emissions.  Retrofitting  existing  buildings  to  improve  energy  efficiency  can  indirectly  reduce  emissions  by  lowering  overall  energy  demand.  However,  the  quantifiable  impact  of  retrofit  measures  varies  significantly  across  different  climatic  and  regional  contexts,  necessitating  a  comprehensive  evaluation.  Moreover,  beyond  carbon  reduction,  affordability  must  also  be  considered,  as  retrofit  measures  can  have  substantial  economic  implications.  This  dissertation  develops  and  applies  multi-scale  building  energy  modeling  frameworks  to  assess  the  interconnected  impacts  of  energy  efficiency,  carbon  emissions,  and  energy  affordability,  aiming  to  support  the  development  of  affordable  and  sustainable  buildings.  To  achieve  this  objective,  it  comprehensively  evaluates  the  trade-offs  between  energy  consumption,  carbon  emissions,  and  affordability  by  analyzing  the  impact  of  these  measures  at  multiple  scales.  Furthermore,  to  enhance  multifaceted  decision-making,  an  innovative  large-scale  building  energy  modeling  (BEM)  framework  is  developed,  leveraging  online  housing  data  to  improve  the  effectiveness  and  applicability  of  building  assessments.First,  to  investigate  the  correlation  between  energy  efficiency  improvements  and  carbon  emissions  reduction,  this  dissertation  proposes  a  method  to  evaluate  the  long-term  carbon  reduction  potential  of  building  retrofits  quantitatively.  The  approach  is  initially  demonstrated  using  representative  school  buildings  in  hot  climate  zones.  The  results  indicate  that  the  aggregated  carbon  emissions  reduction  potential  will  decrease  from  3.33  to  2.01  megatons  between  2024  and  2050  due  to  the  increasing  penetration  of  renewable  energy.  To  scale  beyond  individual  regional  case  studies,  this  dissertation  conducts  a  national  assessment  of  K-12  school  buildings  to  examine  regional  variations  in  carbon  reduction  potential.  The  findings  indicate  that  even  within  the  same  climate  zone,  grid  composition  plays  a  critical  role  in  determining  retrofit  effectiveness.  Building  on  this  method,  it  is  further  integrated  with  large-scale  BEM  to  assess  the  broader  impacts  under  future  climate  trends,  demonstrated  using  commercial  buildings  in  the  northwestern  U.S.  The  results  suggest  that  while  the  long-term  carbon  reduction  potential  of  retrofitted  buildings  will  decline  with  increasing  clean  energy  penetration,  future  climate  trends  will  also  significantly  impact  carbon  intensity.  By  applying  both  representative  building  energy  models  and  large-scale  BEM,  this  study  provides  a  comprehensive  approach  to  understanding  and  quantifying  the  effectiveness  of  retrofit  measures  in  reducing  carbon  emissions  across  different  spatial  and  temporal  scales.While  building  retrofits  contribute  to  carbon  reduction,  addressing  energy  affordability  in  residential  buildings  is  crucial  for  balanced  decarbonization.  This  dissertation  expands  its  scope  to  examine  how  retrofit  measures  impact  energy  affordability  for  homeowners  across  diverse  climate  zones.  Hence,  to  address  these  challenges,  this  dissertation  develops  a  quantitative  assessment  framework  that  evaluates  the  trade-offs  between  energy  efficiency,  carbon  emissions,  and  economic  impacts  of  building  retrofit  measures.  Then,  the  method  is  demonstrated  using  single-family  detached  houses  with  common  energy  efficiency  retrofit  (EER)  and  electrification  measures.  While  electrification  successfully  lowers  emissions  in  cooling-dominant  climates,  it  significantly  increases  energy  burdens  in  heating-dominant  regions,  with  household  energy  costs  rising  by  as  much  as  8.24%  in  some  cases.  This  underscores  the  need  for  tailored  decarbonization  strategies  based  on  regional  climate  characteristics.  In  addition,  EER  measures  in  highly  electrified  buildings  can  shorten  payback  periods  by  up  to  48.98%,  highlighting  the  trade-off  between  decarbonization  and  energy  affordability.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aEnergy  modeling
■650  4▼aEnergy  consumption
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■650  4▼aDecision  making
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aSustainability
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0640
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04A.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360189▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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