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Reactions to Misinformation Corrections Made by Ambiguous Human and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Sources
Reactions to Misinformation Corrections Made by Ambiguous Human and Artificial Intelligenc...
Reactions to Misinformation Corrections Made by Ambiguous Human and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Sources

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105634
ISBN  
9798297962118
DDC  
150
저자명  
Amaddio, Kelly M.
서명/저자  
Reactions to Misinformation Corrections Made by Ambiguous Human and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Sources
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Ohio State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
160 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Wegener, Duane T.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Misinformation poses a significant challenge to informed decision making, yet corrections sometimes fail to eliminate false beliefs. The research in this dissertation examined how source characteristics and individual attitudes towards the focal topic interact to influence the effectiveness of misinformation corrections coming from both human and artificial intelligence (AI) sources. Seven studies (N = 2,967) investigated participant reactions to corrections of false claims about gun control and hydraulic fracturing. Studies 1-5 featured human correction sources, whereas studies 6 and 7 utilized automated fact-checking systems as correction sources.Across all studies, results revealed a robust interaction between individuals' prior attitudes and source ambiguity. When correction sources possessed mixed credibility characteristics (e.g., varying levels of expertise, accuracy, or vested interest), the impact of source ambiguity depended critically on the alignment between participants' attitudes and the original misinformation. Specifically, source ambiguity had its strongest effects when the misinformation was attitude-consistent-that is, when participants' prior beliefs supported the false information being corrected. Under these conditions, individuals were significantly more likely to continue endorsing the misinformation when corrections came from ambiguous sources compared to unambiguously credible sources. Conversely, when the misinformation was attitude-inconsistent with participants' beliefs, source ambiguity had minimal impact on correction effectiveness. This asymmetric pattern suggests that individuals strategically exploit ambiguous source characteristics primarily when doing so serves to maintain attitude-consistent beliefs, rather than applying such scrutiny uniformly across all corrections.Mediation analyses in Studies 4 and 5 explored the underlying psychological mechanisms that facilitated this effect. The influence of attitudes on misinformation endorsement operated through multiple pathways: increased motivation to dismiss the correction, more negative source perceptions, and greater feelings of justification for source dismissal. Importantly, the effects of prior attitudes on misinformation endorsement were amplified when correction sources were ambiguous because such sources provided individuals with sensible reasons to dismiss corrections that contradicted their existing beliefs. This pattern suggests that source ambiguity does not universally impair correction effectiveness, but rather selectively facilitates the dismissal of unwanted information by offering a plausible justification for rejection.Studies 6 and 7 extended these findings to automated fact checking systems. Despite potential expectations of AI objectivity, participants continued to evaluate corrections made by the automated fact checker through the lens of their prior attitudes. When the accuracy level of the automated system was either unspecified or relatively low (67% accurate), attitudes strongly predicted misinformation endorsement and system reliability perceptions. However, when participants were provided explicit information about high system accuracy (97%), this effect was attenuated, especially for misinformation endorsement. For both misinformation endorsement and perceived reliability of the system, bias remained across both system accuracy conditions.These findings make key theoretical contributions to research on motivated reasoning, the Continued Influence Effect (CIE), source credibility, and human-AI interaction, demonstrating that correction effectiveness depends on cognitive and motivational processes that help explain a critical interaction between source characteristics and recipient attitudes that together allow people to maintain attitude-consistent beliefs.
일반주제명  
Psychology
일반주제명  
Information science
키워드  
Misinformation
키워드  
Source credibility
키워드  
Motivated reasoning
키워드  
Continued Influence Effect
키워드  
Source ambiguity
기타저자  
The Ohio State University Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32383422
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■1001  ▼aAmaddio,  Kelly  M.
■24510▼aReactions  to  Misinformation  Corrections  Made  by  Ambiguous  Human  and  Artificial  Intelligence  (AI)  Sources
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Ohio  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a160  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Wegener,  Duane  T.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Ohio  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aMisinformation  poses  a  significant  challenge  to  informed  decision  making,  yet  corrections  sometimes  fail  to  eliminate  false  beliefs.  The  research  in  this  dissertation  examined  how  source  characteristics  and  individual  attitudes  towards  the  focal  topic  interact  to  influence  the  effectiveness  of  misinformation  corrections  coming  from  both  human  and  artificial  intelligence  (AI)  sources.  Seven  studies  (N  =  2,967)  investigated  participant  reactions  to  corrections  of  false  claims  about  gun  control  and  hydraulic  fracturing.  Studies  1-5  featured  human  correction  sources,  whereas  studies  6  and  7  utilized  automated  fact-checking  systems  as  correction  sources.Across  all  studies,  results  revealed  a  robust  interaction  between  individuals'  prior  attitudes  and  source  ambiguity.  When  correction  sources  possessed  mixed  credibility  characteristics  (e.g.,  varying  levels  of  expertise,  accuracy,  or  vested  interest),  the  impact  of  source  ambiguity  depended  critically  on  the  alignment  between  participants'  attitudes  and  the  original  misinformation.  Specifically,  source  ambiguity  had  its  strongest  effects  when  the  misinformation  was  attitude-consistent-that  is,  when  participants'  prior  beliefs  supported  the  false  information  being  corrected.  Under  these  conditions,  individuals  were  significantly  more  likely  to  continue  endorsing  the  misinformation  when  corrections  came  from  ambiguous  sources  compared  to  unambiguously  credible  sources.  Conversely,  when  the  misinformation  was  attitude-inconsistent  with  participants'  beliefs,  source ambiguity  had  minimal  impact  on  correction  effectiveness.  This  asymmetric  pattern  suggests  that  individuals  strategically  exploit  ambiguous  source  characteristics  primarily  when  doing  so  serves  to  maintain  attitude-consistent  beliefs,  rather  than  applying  such  scrutiny  uniformly  across  all  corrections.Mediation  analyses  in  Studies  4  and  5  explored  the  underlying  psychological  mechanisms  that  facilitated  this  effect.  The  influence  of  attitudes  on  misinformation  endorsement  operated  through  multiple  pathways:  increased  motivation  to  dismiss  the  correction,  more  negative  source  perceptions,  and  greater  feelings  of  justification  for  source  dismissal.  Importantly,  the  effects  of  prior  attitudes  on  misinformation  endorsement  were  amplified  when  correction  sources  were  ambiguous  because  such  sources  provided  individuals  with  sensible  reasons  to  dismiss  corrections  that  contradicted  their  existing  beliefs.  This  pattern  suggests  that  source  ambiguity  does  not  universally  impair  correction  effectiveness,  but  rather  selectively  facilitates  the  dismissal  of  unwanted  information  by  offering  a  plausible  justification  for  rejection.Studies  6  and  7  extended  these  findings  to  automated  fact  checking  systems.  Despite  potential  expectations  of  AI  objectivity,  participants  continued  to  evaluate  corrections  made  by  the  automated  fact  checker  through  the  lens  of  their  prior  attitudes.  When  the  accuracy  level  of  the  automated  system  was  either  unspecified  or  relatively  low  (67%  accurate),  attitudes  strongly  predicted  misinformation  endorsement  and  system  reliability  perceptions.  However,  when  participants  were  provided  explicit  information  about  high  system  accuracy  (97%),  this  effect  was  attenuated,  especially  for misinformation  endorsement.  For  both  misinformation  endorsement  and  perceived  reliability  of  the  system,  bias  remained  across  both  system  accuracy  conditions.These  findings  make  key  theoretical  contributions  to  research  on  motivated  reasoning,  the  Continued  Influence  Effect  (CIE),  source  credibility,  and  human-AI  interaction,  demonstrating  that  correction  effectiveness  depends  on  cognitive  and  motivational  processes  that  help  explain  a  critical  interaction  between  source  characteristics  and  recipient  attitudes  that  together  allow  people  to  maintain  attitude-consistent  beliefs.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0168.
■650  4▼aPsychology
■650  4▼aInformation  science
■653    ▼aMisinformation
■653    ▼aSource  credibility
■653    ▼aMotivated  reasoning
■653    ▼aContinued  Influence  Effect
■653    ▼aSource  ambiguity
■690    ▼a0621
■690    ▼a0723
■690    ▼a0800
■71020▼aThe  Ohio  State  University▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0168
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360890▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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