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Performance Optimization of Advanced Vapor Compression Systems Working With Low-GWP Refrigerants Using Numerical and Experimental Methods
Performance Optimization of Advanced Vapor Compression Systems Working With Low-GWP Refrig...
Performance Optimization of Advanced Vapor Compression Systems Working With Low-GWP Refrigerants Using Numerical and Experimental Methods

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105653
ISBN  
9798265453051
DDC  
621
저자명  
Haider, Muhammad.
서명/저자  
Performance Optimization of Advanced Vapor Compression Systems Working With Low-GWP Refrigerants Using Numerical and Experimental Methods
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
193 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Miljkovic, Nenad.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Recent research has focused on reducing the environmental impact of HVAC&R systems while enhancing their performance. Current trends indicate that low-GWP pure refrigerants and blends hold significance for future applications. Moreover, the emergence of new applications suggests that future vapor compression systems (VCS) will be more complex than their predecessors. Therefore, advanced design tools are necessary to handle complex VCS using pure refrigerants with ease, along with analyzing the intricacies of refrigerant blends. One objective of this research is to develop robust, accurate and computationally efficient steady-state system solvers using gradient methods for both pure and mixture refrigerants. Experimental methods are utilized not only for validating different components and system models, but also to develop novel techniques when essential knowledge gaps need filling. The research has focused on ejector systems, as they represent a family of complex VCS and are a good representative example of advanced VCS. The research develops robust and computationally efficient simultaneous system solvers by modeling a transcritical CO2 air conditioning system operating on a standard ejector cycle with an internal heat exchanger. Computationally efficient and accurate component models are developed. A novel ejector performance map is developed from experimental data to predict the performance of a fixed-geometry ejector across a wide range of operating conditions. For heat exchangers, both finite volume (FV) and artificial neural network (ANN) approaches are developed and compared. It is found that the advanced VCS transforms into a non-convex and ill-conditioned problem, which makes gradient methods struggle to find convergence, particularly when the number of solver variables is increased. The work proposes that the robustness of simultaneous solvers can be improved by appropriate scaling factors in the residual equations. Furthermore, using constrained algorithms instead of unconstrained algorithms improves the solver's robustness even with a higher number of solver variables. The simultaneous solvers are extended to model vapor compression systems working with zeotropic blends. The focus is to identify an ejector cycle whose performance can be enhanced with blends. Three different cycle architectures, one conventional system and two ejector cycles, namely, the standard ejector cycle and the COS cycle, are modeled using low-GWP mixtures of R1234yf/R32. The conventional system and the COS ejector cycle have the same circulation composition as the system is fed from the liquid port of the receiver, whereas the standard ejector cycle has two circulation compositions for high and low-side due to fractionation inside the separator. The numerical models provide insight that the performance of systems with the same circulation composition is expected to improve upon the addition of the more-volatile substance, whereas the performance of the standard ejector cycle will decrease. The decrease is attributed to fractionation as it causes most of the added more-volatile substance to move towards the high-side of the cycle, thus leading to an increase in compressor power. Based on this analysis, experiments are conducted on a chiller facility to test the performance of the conventional system and the COS ejector cycle using R134a/R32 mixtures. It is found that the COP of the conventional system with an internal heat exchanger is increased by 27% under matched capacity conditions, whereas the COP of COS ejector cycle increases by almost 23%. Thus, this proves that gain in the ejector system with blends is possible and requires careful investigation of the storage vessel's location inside the cycle. Another important aspect in a blend system is to measure the circulation composition accurately, which could be different from the charged composition. For measuring circulation composition, a novel PTD (gas) method is developed. Furthermore, three different in-situ estimation techniques are evaluated for their effectiveness. It is recommended that a calibration procedure should be used before using any of the in-situ estimation methods to avoid a 2-5% error in reporting the system performance. The present research can be useful in analyzing advanced VCS with relative ease. The findings can help improve the finite volume heat exchanger model and integrate complex closure equations like charge modeling. In addition, it also presents a few experimental techniques like a novel ejector performance map that can help with ejector selection decision, and a novel PTD (gas) method to measure a blend's circulation composition, making experimental studies of blends relatively an easier endeavor.
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
일반주제명  
Applied physics
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Thermodynamics
키워드  
Advanced vapor compression systems
키워드  
Steady-state system modeling
키워드  
Ejector performance map
키워드  
Heat exchanger modeling
키워드  
Circulation composition measurement
기타저자  
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Mechanical Sci & Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a621
■1001  ▼aHaider,  Muhammad.
■24510▼aPerformance  Optimization  of  Advanced  Vapor  Compression  Systems  Working  With  Low-GWP  Refrigerants  Using  Numerical  and  Experimental  Methods
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a193  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Miljkovic,  Nenad.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign,  2024.
■520    ▼aRecent  research  has  focused  on  reducing  the  environmental  impact  of  HVAC&R  systems  while  enhancing  their  performance.  Current  trends  indicate  that  low-GWP  pure  refrigerants  and  blends  hold  significance  for  future  applications.  Moreover,  the  emergence  of  new  applications  suggests  that  future  vapor  compression  systems  (VCS)  will  be  more  complex  than  their  predecessors.  Therefore,  advanced  design  tools  are  necessary  to  handle  complex  VCS  using  pure  refrigerants  with  ease,  along  with  analyzing  the  intricacies  of  refrigerant  blends.  One  objective  of  this  research  is  to  develop  robust,  accurate  and  computationally  efficient  steady-state  system  solvers  using  gradient  methods  for  both  pure  and  mixture  refrigerants.  Experimental  methods  are  utilized  not  only  for  validating  different  components  and  system  models,  but  also  to  develop  novel  techniques  when  essential  knowledge  gaps  need  filling.  The  research  has  focused  on  ejector  systems,  as  they  represent  a  family  of  complex  VCS  and  are  a  good  representative  example  of  advanced  VCS.                        The  research  develops  robust  and  computationally  efficient  simultaneous  system  solvers  by  modeling  a  transcritical  CO2  air  conditioning  system  operating  on  a  standard  ejector  cycle  with  an  internal  heat  exchanger.  Computationally  efficient  and  accurate  component  models  are  developed.  A  novel  ejector  performance  map  is  developed  from  experimental  data  to  predict  the  performance  of  a  fixed-geometry  ejector  across  a  wide  range  of  operating  conditions.  For  heat  exchangers,  both  finite  volume  (FV)  and  artificial  neural  network  (ANN)  approaches  are  developed  and  compared.  It  is  found  that  the  advanced  VCS  transforms  into  a  non-convex  and  ill-conditioned  problem,  which  makes  gradient  methods  struggle  to  find  convergence,  particularly  when  the  number  of  solver  variables  is  increased.  The  work  proposes  that  the  robustness  of  simultaneous  solvers  can  be  improved  by  appropriate  scaling  factors  in  the  residual  equations.  Furthermore,  using  constrained  algorithms  instead  of  unconstrained  algorithms  improves  the  solver's  robustness  even  with  a  higher  number  of  solver  variables.                        The  simultaneous  solvers  are  extended  to  model  vapor  compression  systems  working  with  zeotropic  blends.  The  focus  is  to  identify  an  ejector  cycle  whose  performance  can  be  enhanced  with  blends.  Three  different  cycle  architectures,  one  conventional  system  and  two  ejector  cycles,  namely,  the  standard  ejector  cycle  and  the  COS  cycle,  are  modeled  using  low-GWP  mixtures  of  R1234yf/R32.  The  conventional  system  and  the  COS  ejector  cycle  have  the  same  circulation  composition  as  the  system  is  fed  from  the  liquid  port  of  the  receiver,  whereas  the  standard  ejector  cycle  has  two  circulation  compositions  for  high  and  low-side  due  to  fractionation  inside  the  separator.  The  numerical  models  provide  insight  that  the  performance  of  systems  with  the  same  circulation  composition  is  expected  to  improve  upon  the  addition  of  the  more-volatile  substance,  whereas  the  performance  of  the  standard  ejector  cycle  will  decrease.  The  decrease  is  attributed  to  fractionation  as  it  causes  most  of  the  added  more-volatile  substance  to  move  towards  the  high-side  of  the  cycle,  thus  leading  to  an  increase  in  compressor  power.  Based  on  this  analysis,  experiments  are  conducted  on  a  chiller  facility  to  test  the  performance  of  the  conventional  system  and  the  COS  ejector  cycle  using  R134a/R32  mixtures.  It  is  found  that  the  COP  of  the  conventional  system  with  an  internal  heat  exchanger  is  increased  by  27%  under  matched  capacity  conditions,  whereas  the  COP  of  COS  ejector  cycle  increases  by  almost  23%.  Thus,  this  proves  that  gain  in  the  ejector  system  with  blends  is  possible  and  requires  careful  investigation  of  the  storage  vessel's  location  inside  the  cycle.                        Another  important  aspect  in  a  blend  system  is  to  measure  the  circulation  composition  accurately,  which  could  be  different  from  the  charged  composition.  For  measuring  circulation  composition,  a  novel  PTD  (gas)  method  is  developed.  Furthermore,  three  different  in-situ  estimation  techniques  are  evaluated  for  their  effectiveness.  It  is  recommended  that  a  calibration  procedure  should  be  used  before  using  any  of  the  in-situ  estimation  methods  to  avoid  a  2-5%  error  in  reporting  the  system  performance.                        The  present  research  can  be  useful  in  analyzing  advanced  VCS  with  relative  ease.  The  findings  can  help  improve  the  finite  volume  heat  exchanger  model  and  integrate  complex  closure  equations  like  charge  modeling.  In  addition,  it  also  presents  a  few  experimental  techniques  like  a  novel  ejector  performance  map  that  can  help  with  ejector  selection  decision,  and  a  novel  PTD  (gas)  method  to  measure  a  blend's  circulation  composition,  making  experimental  studies  of  blends  relatively  an  easier  endeavor.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0090.
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■650  4▼aApplied  physics
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aThermodynamics
■653    ▼aAdvanced  vapor  compression  systems
■653    ▼aSteady-state  system  modeling
■653    ▼aEjector  performance  map
■653    ▼aHeat  exchanger  modeling
■653    ▼aCirculation  composition  measurement
■690    ▼a0548
■690    ▼a0215
■690    ▼a0348
■690    ▼a0791
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼bMechanical  Sci  &  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-06B.
■790    ▼a0090
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17361023▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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