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U.S. Rural-Urban Breast Cancer Screening Inequities: Leveraging Contextual Heterogeneity to Identify Solutions
U.S. Rural-Urban Breast Cancer Screening Inequities: Leveraging Contextual Heterogeneity t...
U.S. Rural-Urban Breast Cancer Screening Inequities: Leveraging Contextual Heterogeneity to Identify Solutions

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103549
ISBN  
9798280717046
DDC  
614
저자명  
Cruz, Jennifer L.
서명/저자  
U.S. Rural-Urban Breast Cancer Screening Inequities: Leveraging Contextual Heterogeneity to Identify Solutions
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
127 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Emmons, Karen M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Breast cancer screening is a critical tool for early detection and prevention, yet rural populations in the U.S. face persistent inequities in access and uptake. Existing research often treats rural communities as a monolith, overlooking contextual differences that may shape health outcomes. This dissertation unpacks rural settings' multidimensional characteristics to better understand and address inequities in breast cancer screening. Drawing on the Community Capitals Framework and guided by Public Health Critical Race Praxis, this mixed-methods dissertation examines how varying rural contexts influence health behaviors and aims to develop tools for identifying place- and equity-centered intervention pathways.The first paper addresses the limitations of standard rural definitions by developing a novel typology of rurality at the census tract level using latent class analysis (LCA). To do so, we compiled nationally representative data across seven domains of community capital - natural, cultural, human, social, political, financial, and built - for all rural census tracts in the U.S. (n=15,643). The LCA identified four distinct rural typologies: Outlying, Developed, Well-Resourced, and Adaptable Rural. These rural types varied in community capital profiles and social vulnerability, underscoring the need for more nuanced definitions in population health.Paper two builds from these findings using qualitative methods to explore how contextual heterogeneity shapes screening behaviors in two rural types, Outlying and Well-Resourced, in South-Central Washington State. Community focus groups identified how barriers such as gender norms, seasonal labor, geographic isolation, and uneven resource distribution emerge across community capitals. Though both rural types reported barriers, their underlying mechanisms differed. Four key themes emerged: seasonality and resource prioritization; distance as a resource-dependent barrier; gender roles and healthcare access; and race and place shaping resource distribution. These findings suggest that targeting barriers that cut across mechanisms, such as cultural and social barriers, may lead to larger impacts than uniform interventions.The third paper introduces a prototype agent-based model (ABM) simulating breast cancer screening behavior across the four rural types identified in Paper 1, using qualitative findings from Paper 2 to inform model rules and contextual parameters. Simulated agents represent screening-eligible women with four characteristics: remoteness, racial identity, poverty status, and insurance status. We found that screening behavior evolves based on these attributes and social network influence. Results show that insurance, poverty, and social connectivity most strongly shape outcomes. Social connectivity improved screening across all groups but had a more pronounced impact among insured and higher-income agents, suggesting connectivity may amplify access where structural barriers are lower. As a theory-building tool, the model clarifies which contextual factors may influence screening and provides a platform to test targeted multilevel interventions before implementation.Together, these studies challenge the notion of rurality as a singular category and propose an equity-centered framework for understanding how place-based differences shape health. By integrating quantitative, qualitative, and simulation methods, this dissertation advances efforts to design interventions aligned with the unique strengths and needs of diverse rural communities. These findings highlight the importance of context-specific, justice-oriented approaches to achieving health equity in cancer prevention and control.
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Womens studies
키워드  
Agent-based model
키워드  
Latent class analysis
키워드  
Breast cancer screening
기타저자  
Harvard University Population Health Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aCruz,  Jennifer  L.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-4035-743X
■24510▼aU.S.  Rural-Urban  Breast  Cancer  Screening  Inequities:  Leveraging  Contextual  Heterogeneity  to  Identify  Solutions
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a127  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Emmons,  Karen  M.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aBreast  cancer  screening  is  a  critical  tool  for  early  detection  and  prevention,  yet  rural  populations  in  the  U.S.  face  persistent  inequities  in  access  and  uptake.  Existing  research  often  treats  rural  communities  as  a  monolith,  overlooking  contextual  differences  that  may  shape  health  outcomes.  This  dissertation  unpacks  rural  settings'  multidimensional  characteristics  to  better  understand  and  address  inequities  in  breast  cancer  screening.  Drawing  on  the  Community  Capitals  Framework  and  guided  by  Public  Health  Critical  Race  Praxis,  this  mixed-methods  dissertation  examines  how  varying  rural  contexts  influence  health  behaviors  and  aims  to  develop  tools  for  identifying  place-  and  equity-centered  intervention  pathways.The  first  paper  addresses  the  limitations  of  standard  rural  definitions  by  developing  a  novel  typology  of  rurality  at  the  census  tract  level  using  latent  class  analysis  (LCA).  To  do  so,  we  compiled  nationally  representative  data  across  seven  domains  of  community  capital  -  natural,  cultural,  human,  social,  political,  financial,  and  built  -  for  all  rural  census  tracts  in  the  U.S.  (n=15,643).  The  LCA  identified  four  distinct  rural  typologies:  Outlying,  Developed,  Well-Resourced,  and  Adaptable  Rural.  These  rural  types  varied  in  community  capital  profiles  and  social  vulnerability,  underscoring  the  need  for  more  nuanced  definitions  in  population  health.Paper  two  builds  from  these  findings  using  qualitative  methods  to  explore  how  contextual  heterogeneity  shapes  screening  behaviors  in  two  rural  types,  Outlying  and  Well-Resourced,  in  South-Central  Washington  State.  Community  focus  groups  identified  how  barriers  such  as  gender  norms,  seasonal  labor,  geographic  isolation,  and  uneven  resource  distribution  emerge  across  community  capitals.  Though  both  rural  types  reported  barriers,  their  underlying  mechanisms  differed.  Four  key  themes  emerged:  seasonality  and  resource  prioritization;  distance  as  a  resource-dependent  barrier;  gender  roles  and  healthcare  access;  and  race  and  place  shaping  resource  distribution.  These  findings  suggest  that  targeting  barriers  that  cut  across  mechanisms,  such  as  cultural  and  social  barriers,  may  lead  to  larger  impacts  than  uniform  interventions.The  third  paper  introduces  a  prototype  agent-based  model  (ABM)  simulating  breast  cancer  screening  behavior  across  the  four  rural  types  identified  in  Paper  1,  using  qualitative  findings  from  Paper  2  to  inform  model  rules  and  contextual  parameters.  Simulated  agents  represent  screening-eligible  women  with  four  characteristics:  remoteness,  racial  identity,  poverty  status,  and  insurance  status.  We  found  that  screening  behavior  evolves  based  on  these  attributes  and  social  network  influence.  Results  show  that  insurance,  poverty,  and  social  connectivity  most  strongly  shape  outcomes.  Social  connectivity  improved  screening  across  all  groups  but  had  a  more  pronounced  impact  among  insured  and  higher-income  agents,  suggesting  connectivity  may  amplify  access  where  structural  barriers  are  lower.  As  a  theory-building  tool,  the  model  clarifies  which  contextual  factors  may  influence  screening  and  provides  a  platform  to  test  targeted  multilevel  interventions  before  implementation.Together,  these  studies  challenge  the  notion  of  rurality  as  a  singular  category  and  propose  an  equity-centered  framework  for  understanding  how  place-based  differences  shape  health.  By  integrating  quantitative,  qualitative,  and  simulation  methods,  this  dissertation  advances  efforts  to  design  interventions  aligned  with  the  unique  strengths  and  needs  of  diverse  rural  communities.  These  findings  highlight  the  importance  of  context-specific,  justice-oriented  approaches  to  achieving  health  equity  in  cancer  prevention  and  control.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aWomens  studies
■653    ▼aAgent-based  model
■653    ▼aLatent  class  analysis
■653    ▼aBreast  cancer  screening
■690    ▼a0573
■690    ▼a0453
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bPopulation  Health  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12A.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357709▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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