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A Theoretical Approach to Trap Macromolecules
A Theoretical Approach to Trap Macromolecules
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103147
- ISBN
- 9798288865374
- DDC
- 660
- 저자명
- Liu, Luofu.
- 서명/저자
- A Theoretical Approach to Trap Macromolecules
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 101 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Wang, Rui.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The control and manipulation of nanoparticles and macromolecules is fundamental to the investigation of their structures, interactions, and kinetic pathways. While a variety of methods have been developed in experiments and computer simulations to trap molecules/particles, it remains a great challenge in polymer theory to realize a robust control of macromolecules. Conventional boundary-condition restrictions in self-consistent field theory (SCFT) calculations fails to restrain the conformational fluctuations of coil polymers and lead to nonphysical results. Existing theoretical methods to capture the fluctuation effects suffer from certain drawbacks: they either impose bias on the confined monomer or rely on the distribution of the confined polymer as a Gaussian chain. A systematic, adaptive, and versatile theory addressing these limitations is crucial for studying the fundamental properties of macromolecules under different conditions like sequence, solvent, charge and salt. Inspired by the trapping approaches developed in experiments and simulations, in this dissertation, we present a Gaussian variational field-theoretical approach to control the center-of-mass (c.m.) of macromolecules. The theory self-consistently introduces a mean force that controls the average position of c.m. and, more importantly, a self-adjustable harmonic potential that counters the fluctuation of c.m. position. The latter makes it applicable to coil polymers, like neutral polymers in θ and good solvents and polyelectrolytes experiencing strong charge repulsions. Our approach makes significant improvements over the existing methods. The field-theoretical nature of our approach facilitates the generalization to macromolecules with various chain architectures, copolymer compositions and charge patterns.To validate the effectiveness of our theory, we first apply it to the classical, yet not fully understood problems of polymer single-chain conformation and inter-chain interaction in the whole regime of solvent quality. For a neutral polymer, the complete picture of swollen coil-ideal coil-globule transition as solvent quality changes from good to θ, and to poor is captured. Our results confirm the classical concept of "thermal blob" in polymer science and provides a straightforward way to characterize its actual size. For polyelectrolytes, we observe the full scenario of globule-pearl necklace-extended coil transition as charge repulsion increases. For inter-chain interaction between two polymer chains, we capture the change from pure repulsion in good solvents to pure attraction in poor solvents, passing an intermediate state of short-range repulsion and long-range attraction. Our predictions are in good agreement with experiments in different aspects like scaling exponents and radius-of-gyration data.To manifest the versatility of the variational approach, we further study two biologically relevant problems: mechanisms for vesicle fission/fusion and the regulation of proteins on stability of biomolecular condensates. The kinetic pathway and the mechanical response during vesicle fission/fusion can be simultaneously captured. By taking vesicles formed by polyelectrolytes as a model system, we predict discontinuous transitions between the three morphologies: parent vesicle with a single cavity, hemifission/hemifusion and two separated child vesicles, as a result of breaking topological isomorphism. This is consistent with the classical picture of "stalk" mechanism for fusion and "budding-fission" mechanism for fission. With the increase of inter-vesicle repulsion, we observe a great reduction of the cleavage energy, indicating that vesicle fission can be achieved without hemifission, in good agreement with simulations where inter-vesicle repulsion is high. We model a real biomolecular condensate as a polymer condensed in a mixture of solvent and cosolvent. Even both solvent and cosolvent are good to the polymer, we demonstrate that strong polymer-cosolvent affinity induces the formation of a single-chain condensate. Even though all the molecular interactions are soft, the potential of mean force between two condensates exhibits an anomalous feature of long-range hard-wall repulsion, which cannot be categorized into any existing types of inter-chain interactions. The underlying mechanism is cosolvent regulation manifested as a discontinuous local condensation of cosolvent. The hard-wall repulsion provides a kinetic barrier to prevent coalescence of condensates and hence highlights the intrinsic role of proteins as a cosolvent in stabilizing biomolecular condensates.Having presented the whole picture of the variational field-theoretical approach from its development to its applications, this dissertation finally concludes by discussing new research directions and possible refinement of the theory in the future.
- 일반주제명
- Chemical engineering
- 일반주제명
- Polymer chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Nanoscience
- 키워드
- Macromolecules
- 키워드
- Nanoparticles
- 키워드
- Polymer
- 키워드
- Polyelectrolytes
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Chemical Engineering
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798288865374
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a660
■1001 ▼aLiu, Luofu.
■24512▼aA Theoretical Approach to Trap Macromolecules
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a101 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Wang, Rui.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aThe control and manipulation of nanoparticles and macromolecules is fundamental to the investigation of their structures, interactions, and kinetic pathways. While a variety of methods have been developed in experiments and computer simulations to trap molecules/particles, it remains a great challenge in polymer theory to realize a robust control of macromolecules. Conventional boundary-condition restrictions in self-consistent field theory (SCFT) calculations fails to restrain the conformational fluctuations of coil polymers and lead to nonphysical results. Existing theoretical methods to capture the fluctuation effects suffer from certain drawbacks: they either impose bias on the confined monomer or rely on the distribution of the confined polymer as a Gaussian chain. A systematic, adaptive, and versatile theory addressing these limitations is crucial for studying the fundamental properties of macromolecules under different conditions like sequence, solvent, charge and salt. Inspired by the trapping approaches developed in experiments and simulations, in this dissertation, we present a Gaussian variational field-theoretical approach to control the center-of-mass (c.m.) of macromolecules. The theory self-consistently introduces a mean force that controls the average position of c.m. and, more importantly, a self-adjustable harmonic potential that counters the fluctuation of c.m. position. The latter makes it applicable to coil polymers, like neutral polymers in θ and good solvents and polyelectrolytes experiencing strong charge repulsions. Our approach makes significant improvements over the existing methods. The field-theoretical nature of our approach facilitates the generalization to macromolecules with various chain architectures, copolymer compositions and charge patterns.To validate the effectiveness of our theory, we first apply it to the classical, yet not fully understood problems of polymer single-chain conformation and inter-chain interaction in the whole regime of solvent quality. For a neutral polymer, the complete picture of swollen coil-ideal coil-globule transition as solvent quality changes from good to θ, and to poor is captured. Our results confirm the classical concept of "thermal blob" in polymer science and provides a straightforward way to characterize its actual size. For polyelectrolytes, we observe the full scenario of globule-pearl necklace-extended coil transition as charge repulsion increases. For inter-chain interaction between two polymer chains, we capture the change from pure repulsion in good solvents to pure attraction in poor solvents, passing an intermediate state of short-range repulsion and long-range attraction. Our predictions are in good agreement with experiments in different aspects like scaling exponents and radius-of-gyration data.To manifest the versatility of the variational approach, we further study two biologically relevant problems: mechanisms for vesicle fission/fusion and the regulation of proteins on stability of biomolecular condensates. The kinetic pathway and the mechanical response during vesicle fission/fusion can be simultaneously captured. By taking vesicles formed by polyelectrolytes as a model system, we predict discontinuous transitions between the three morphologies: parent vesicle with a single cavity, hemifission/hemifusion and two separated child vesicles, as a result of breaking topological isomorphism. This is consistent with the classical picture of "stalk" mechanism for fusion and "budding-fission" mechanism for fission. With the increase of inter-vesicle repulsion, we observe a great reduction of the cleavage energy, indicating that vesicle fission can be achieved without hemifission, in good agreement with simulations where inter-vesicle repulsion is high. We model a real biomolecular condensate as a polymer condensed in a mixture of solvent and cosolvent. Even both solvent and cosolvent are good to the polymer, we demonstrate that strong polymer-cosolvent affinity induces the formation of a single-chain condensate. Even though all the molecular interactions are soft, the potential of mean force between two condensates exhibits an anomalous feature of long-range hard-wall repulsion, which cannot be categorized into any existing types of inter-chain interactions. The underlying mechanism is cosolvent regulation manifested as a discontinuous local condensation of cosolvent. The hard-wall repulsion provides a kinetic barrier to prevent coalescence of condensates and hence highlights the intrinsic role of proteins as a cosolvent in stabilizing biomolecular condensates.Having presented the whole picture of the variational field-theoretical approach from its development to its applications, this dissertation finally concludes by discussing new research directions and possible refinement of the theory in the future.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aChemical engineering
■650 4▼aPolymer chemistry
■650 4▼aNanoscience
■653 ▼aMacromolecules
■653 ▼aSelf-consistent field theory
■653 ▼aNanoparticles
■653 ▼aPolymer
■653 ▼aPolyelectrolytes
■690 ▼a0542
■690 ▼a0565
■690 ▼a0495
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bChemical Engineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357205▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


