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Anthropogenic Impacts on Predator-prey Interactions in Coastal Marine Ecosystems
Anthropogenic Impacts on Predator-prey Interactions in Coastal Marine Ecosystems
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104741
- ISBN
- 9798290650487
- DDC
- 660
- 서명/저자
- Anthropogenic Impacts on Predator-prey Interactions in Coastal Marine Ecosystems
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 213 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: de Leo, Giulio.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Coastal marine ecosystems support the livelihoods, nutrition, and cultural identities of millions of people, yet these ecosystems are also among the most heavily impacted by human activities, including through fishing and climate change. Population collapses and regime shifts have become ubiquitous in marine ecosystems in the last century, owing both to overexploitation and, more recently, marine heatwaves and extreme events. While the directional impacts of disturbance on marine species are well studied, the mechanisms through which disturbance propagate through food webs, and the potential future impacts of climate change on the dynamics of ecosystems remain poorly understood. The responses of marine ecosystems to disturbance are mediated by predator-prey interactions as determined by the characteristics of those interactions, such as their number, strength, and spatiotemporal variability. In this dissertation, I examine the role of anthropogenic stressors in altering interactions among predators and prey. In the first chapter, I assess the past and potential future impacts of climate change on the spatial distributions of marine fishes and crabs in the Eastern Bering Sea (EBS). Results from this project suggest the potential for widespread reorganization of the ecological communities in the EBS across space at rates faster than previously anticipated. In the second, I assess the degree to which anticipated changes in species distributions may propagate into changes in the spatial overlap among predators and prey. As predators are anticipated to move faster in response to climate change than their prey, I find increases in spatial overlap among most predator-prey pairs, suggesting the potential for climate-driven range shifts to increase the vulnerability of ecologically and economically important prey species to their predators in the EBS. In the third chapter, I jointly assess past changes in species distributions and predator-prey interaction strength in the EBS in order to assess the extent to which future changes in spatial overlap among predators and prey are likely to alter predator-prey interactions, and to characterize the conditions under which changes in species distributions are likely to have predictable ecological consequences. I find that spatial overlap serves as a good proxy for predation for predators whose diets suggest they are relatively specialized towards their prey, yet there is almost no association between overlap and predation for more generalist predators. In my fourth chapter, I switch ecosystems to focus on the dynamics of another predator-prey system - that between grey reef sharks and a small-scale central Pacific shark fishery. I show that, within the span of a couple decades, increases in market demand reshaped the nature of the fishery and may have led to the collapse of the local reef shark population. Together, these studies suggest that anthropogenic disturbance is likely to reshape interactions among predators and prey in marine ecosystems. While these studies suggest that changes in species interactions and their downstream consequences can be difficult to forecast and adapt to, they also reveal conditions under which some of these changes may be considered predictable and their effects integrable in marine resource management and conservation.
- 일반주제명
- Cold
- 일반주제명
- Software
- 일반주제명
- Climate change
- 일반주제명
- Predation
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202104741
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798290650487
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32149702
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordpd798pz3128
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a660
■1001 ▼aGoodman, Maurice Codespoti.
■24510▼aAnthropogenic Impacts on Predator-prey Interactions in Coastal Marine Ecosystems
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a213 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: de Leo, Giulio.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
■520 ▼aCoastal marine ecosystems support the livelihoods, nutrition, and cultural identities of millions of people, yet these ecosystems are also among the most heavily impacted by human activities, including through fishing and climate change. Population collapses and regime shifts have become ubiquitous in marine ecosystems in the last century, owing both to overexploitation and, more recently, marine heatwaves and extreme events. While the directional impacts of disturbance on marine species are well studied, the mechanisms through which disturbance propagate through food webs, and the potential future impacts of climate change on the dynamics of ecosystems remain poorly understood. The responses of marine ecosystems to disturbance are mediated by predator-prey interactions as determined by the characteristics of those interactions, such as their number, strength, and spatiotemporal variability. In this dissertation, I examine the role of anthropogenic stressors in altering interactions among predators and prey. In the first chapter, I assess the past and potential future impacts of climate change on the spatial distributions of marine fishes and crabs in the Eastern Bering Sea (EBS). Results from this project suggest the potential for widespread reorganization of the ecological communities in the EBS across space at rates faster than previously anticipated. In the second, I assess the degree to which anticipated changes in species distributions may propagate into changes in the spatial overlap among predators and prey. As predators are anticipated to move faster in response to climate change than their prey, I find increases in spatial overlap among most predator-prey pairs, suggesting the potential for climate-driven range shifts to increase the vulnerability of ecologically and economically important prey species to their predators in the EBS. In the third chapter, I jointly assess past changes in species distributions and predator-prey interaction strength in the EBS in order to assess the extent to which future changes in spatial overlap among predators and prey are likely to alter predator-prey interactions, and to characterize the conditions under which changes in species distributions are likely to have predictable ecological consequences. I find that spatial overlap serves as a good proxy for predation for predators whose diets suggest they are relatively specialized towards their prey, yet there is almost no association between overlap and predation for more generalist predators. In my fourth chapter, I switch ecosystems to focus on the dynamics of another predator-prey system - that between grey reef sharks and a small-scale central Pacific shark fishery. I show that, within the span of a couple decades, increases in market demand reshaped the nature of the fishery and may have led to the collapse of the local reef shark population. Together, these studies suggest that anthropogenic disturbance is likely to reshape interactions among predators and prey in marine ecosystems. While these studies suggest that changes in species interactions and their downstream consequences can be difficult to forecast and adapt to, they also reveal conditions under which some of these changes may be considered predictable and their effects integrable in marine resource management and conservation.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aCold
■650 4▼aSoftware
■650 4▼aClimate change
■650 4▼aPredation
■690 ▼a0404
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358712▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


