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Leveraging Historical Observational Data and Climate Models to Understand Uncertainties in Global Climate Diagnostics and Regional Climate Impacts
Leveraging Historical Observational Data and Climate Models to Understand Uncertainties in...
Leveraging Historical Observational Data and Climate Models to Understand Uncertainties in Global Climate Diagnostics and Regional Climate Impacts

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105321
ISBN  
9798297663879
DDC  
000
저자명  
Sapkota, Vikrant.
서명/저자  
Leveraging Historical Observational Data and Climate Models to Understand Uncertainties in Global Climate Diagnostics and Regional Climate Impacts
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
142 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Forest, Chris E.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약In this dissertation, we examine uncertainties in the climate system by investigating both global climate diagnostics and regional climate impacts by leveraging historical observational data and climate models. At the global scale, we quantify uncertainties in two different diagnostics-Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) and Transient Climate Response (TCR). These global diagnostics are affected by the uncertainties in the historical observational datasets.In Chapter 2, we study observational datasets from four different data centers and quantify how their structural differences translate into differences in ECS and TCR. We use a model-observation comparison framework to estimate these climate metrics using the MIT Earth System Model (MESM). We find that differences among datasets can influence median estimates up to 0.44 °C for ECS. We assess the sensitivity of observational datasets to how they are grouped and observe that using products sharing identical Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) introduce discernible biases in climate sensitivity estimates.In Chapter 3, we extend the analysis to recently updated observational datasets. The data centers now provide estimates of uncertainty within their temperature datasets (intra-observational uncertainty for their own methodology). Two additional sensitivity analyses are performed, one examining National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s 100-member ensembles separating land and ocean uncertainties, and another analyzing Hadley Centre Climatic Research Unit Temperature series version 5 (HadCRUT5)'s 200-member ensembles with and without spatial infilling. We find that intra-observational dataset uncertainties are four times larger than inter-observational dataset uncertainties, and that land surface air temperature uncertainties contribute seven times more to climate sensitivity metrics than sea surface temperature uncertainties. HadCRUT5's ensembles demonstrate that addressing coverage gaps through spatial infilling increases median climate sensitivity estimates by 0.2 °C.In Chapter 4, we analyze the climate impacts of historical afforestation in the MidAtlantic region of the United States. The Mid-Atlantic region experienced progressive afforestation as agriculture declined throughout the 20 th century, affecting both carbon sequestration and surface radiation balance. We found that afforestation lowered surface albedo by 1.5% during the highest conversion period (1920-1930). Forest growth enhanced carbon sequestration, with regional gross primary productivity in the Mid-Atlantic Region increasing from 5.0 to 6.5 g C m −2 day −1 between 1900-2000. By translating both effects into common units using the radiative forcing equivalent framework, we determined that 14% of carbon sequestration (6.0 Gt CO 2) were offset by albedo-related warming (0.8 Gt CO 2-eq).
일반주제명  
Vegetation
일반주제명  
Atmosphere
일반주제명  
Carbon
일반주제명  
Earth
일반주제명  
Aerosols
일반주제명  
Heat
일반주제명  
Probability distribution
일반주제명  
Climate science
일반주제명  
Radiation
일반주제명  
Climate change
일반주제명  
Statistics
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aSapkota,  Vikrant.
■24510▼aLeveraging  Historical  Observational  Data  and  Climate  Models  to  Understand  Uncertainties  in  Global  Climate  Diagnostics  and  Regional  Climate  Impacts
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a142  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Forest,  Chris  E.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aIn  this  dissertation,  we  examine  uncertainties  in  the  climate  system  by  investigating  both  global  climate  diagnostics  and  regional  climate  impacts  by  leveraging  historical  observational  data  and  climate  models.  At  the  global  scale,  we  quantify  uncertainties  in  two  different  diagnostics-Equilibrium  Climate  Sensitivity  (ECS)  and  Transient  Climate  Response  (TCR).  These  global  diagnostics  are  affected  by  the  uncertainties  in  the  historical  observational  datasets.In  Chapter  2,  we  study  observational  datasets  from  four  different  data  centers  and  quantify  how  their  structural  differences  translate  into  differences  in  ECS  and  TCR.  We  use  a  model-observation  comparison  framework  to  estimate  these  climate  metrics  using  the  MIT  Earth  System  Model  (MESM).  We  find  that  differences  among  datasets  can  influence  median  estimates  up  to  0.44  °C  for  ECS.  We  assess  the  sensitivity  of  observational  datasets  to  how  they  are  grouped  and  observe  that  using  products  sharing  identical  Sea  Surface  Temperatures  (SST)  introduce  discernible  biases  in  climate  sensitivity  estimates.In  Chapter  3,  we  extend  the  analysis  to  recently  updated  observational  datasets.  The  data  centers  now  provide  estimates  of  uncertainty  within  their  temperature  datasets  (intra-observational  uncertainty  for  their  own  methodology).  Two  additional  sensitivity  analyses  are  performed,  one  examining  National  Oceanic  and  Atmospheric  Administration  (NOAA)'s  100-member  ensembles  separating  land  and  ocean  uncertainties,  and  another  analyzing  Hadley  Centre  Climatic  Research  Unit  Temperature  series  version  5  (HadCRUT5)'s  200-member  ensembles  with  and  without  spatial  infilling.  We  find  that  intra-observational  dataset  uncertainties  are  four  times  larger  than  inter-observational  dataset  uncertainties,  and  that  land  surface  air  temperature  uncertainties  contribute  seven  times  more  to  climate  sensitivity  metrics  than  sea  surface  temperature  uncertainties.  HadCRUT5's  ensembles  demonstrate  that  addressing  coverage  gaps  through  spatial  infilling  increases  median  climate  sensitivity  estimates  by  0.2  °C.In  Chapter  4,  we  analyze  the  climate  impacts  of  historical  afforestation  in  the  MidAtlantic  region  of  the  United  States.  The  Mid-Atlantic  region  experienced  progressive  afforestation  as  agriculture  declined  throughout  the  20  th  century,  affecting  both  carbon  sequestration  and  surface  radiation  balance.  We  found  that  afforestation  lowered  surface  albedo  by  1.5%  during  the  highest  conversion  period  (1920-1930).  Forest  growth  enhanced  carbon  sequestration,  with  regional  gross  primary  productivity  in  the  Mid-Atlantic  Region  increasing  from  5.0  to  6.5  g  C  m  −2  day  −1  between  1900-2000.  By  translating  both  effects  into  common  units  using  the  radiative  forcing  equivalent  framework,  we  determined  that  14%  of  carbon  sequestration  (6.0  Gt  CO  2)  were  offset  by  albedo-related  warming  (0.8  Gt  CO  2-eq).
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aVegetation
■650  4▼aAtmosphere
■650  4▼aCarbon
■650  4▼aEarth
■650  4▼aAerosols
■650  4▼aHeat
■650  4▼aProbability  distribution
■650  4▼aClimate  science
■650  4▼aRadiation
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■650  4▼aStatistics
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0463
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360198▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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