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Land Surface-Convective Precipitation Interactions and Mechanisms for the Midwest U.S. Corn Belt
Land Surface-Convective Precipitation Interactions and Mechanisms for the Midwest U.S. Corn Belt
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105323
- ISBN
- 9798297672482
- DDC
- 551.57
- 서명/저자
- Land Surface-Convective Precipitation Interactions and Mechanisms for the Midwest U.S. Corn Belt
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 279 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Carleton, Andrew M.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Recent climatic research for the heavily agricultural central United States suggests a land surface - land use/land cover (LULC), soil moisture (SM) - role in warm-season convective clouds and precipitation. However, these associations are more well understood for the semi-arid U.S. Great Plains than for the humid lowlands and agriculturally-intensive Midwest Corn Belt (CB). To better determine the role of the land surface in CB deep convection, I determine the associations - and potential interactions - of weather radar-derived convective precipitation initiation (CVPI) with observational (e.g., satellite-derived, flux tower) and combined modeledobserved reanalyzed ("reanalysis") data on LULC, SM, and atmospheric conditions for the 2013- 2023 warm seasons (1 May - 30 September). I emphasize two CB domains, each featuring considerable heterogeneity in LULC yet different in terms of relief: a topographically varied area in south-central Indiana, and a flatter portion of central Illinois. To account for the warm-season phenological progression, I use transpiration data to divide the warm season into three subseasons (early, mid, and late) of varying length. I also stratify the CVPI-land surface association results into two categories based on the threshold of atmospheric instability, or Convectively Available Potential Energy (CAPE): synoptically-primed (SP; high CAPE) and synopticallybenign (SB; low CAPE). The first two research investigations, documented in Chapters 2 and 3 reveal Corn Belt CVPI composite associations with LULC and SM, respectively; I assess the likely physical processes - and inferred mechanisms - underlying these associations on shorter time-space scales using a case-event approach in Chapter 4.In Chapter 2, I determine LULC types, and their associated buffer zones for the two CB domains. Statistically-significant associations of CVPI with crop-urban buffer zones on SB days during the mid-season, and with croplands on SB days during the late-season, imply that LULC compensates for the lack of synoptic forcing in generating deep convection. Moreover, the broad similarity in results between the two domains indicates a more dominant role of LULC versus relief in Corn Belt CVPI. In Chapter 3, I determine Corn Belt CVPI-SM statistical associations -and identify a potential lead-lag, or feedback (i.e., SM a CVPI a SM) - for SM content (low to high) and the associated spatial gradients for the whole 11-year period and the wettest year (2015) and driest year (2023) within the study period. I find more frequent statistically significant associations of CVPI with SM during the early-season, and less for the late-season. In particular, statistically-significant early-season associations of CVPI on SP days with strong SM gradients, and on SB days with weak SM gradients, short SM gradients, and high SM, imply that SM can both increase the likelihood of deep convection on days with weak synoptic forcing or enhance the convective precipitation occurring in the presence of strong synoptic forcing. Moreover, physically - but not necessarily statistically - significant results involving SM attributes appear in other warm-season trimesters, and co-occur with LULC in urban environments. Similar to Chapter 2, an overall greater influence of SM on CVPI versus relief is evident for the CB.Chapter 4 documents the case-event (n = 9) evaluation - using reanalysis data - of the likely physical mechanisms underpinning CVPI, in context of the empirical results obtained in Chapters 2 and 3. My statistical validation of reanalysis heat fluxes using flux-tower data justifies their use in both climate-scale and case-study investigations. The presence of three physical processes: 1) strong upward vertical transport of surface moisture, 2) horizontal convergence of the low-level winds at the CVPI location, overlain by 3) synoptically-driven airflow advecting moisture and/or heat into the CB, are indicated. The CB land surface-CVPI statistical associations and their likely physical mechanisms demonstrated in my three research chapters, can be used to 1) help improve warm-season precipitation forecasting in the central CB (e.g., for agricultural activity), and 2) provide a framework for subsequent numerical modeling experiments of present and near-future land surface-CVP interactions for that region.
- 일반주제명
- Precipitation
- 일반주제명
- Humidity
- 일반주제명
- Statistical significance
- 일반주제명
- Seasons
- 일반주제명
- Land use planning
- 일반주제명
- Meteorology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a551.57
■1001 ▼aChapman, Connor J.
■24510▼aLand Surface-Convective Precipitation Interactions and Mechanisms for the Midwest U.S. Corn Belt
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Pennsylvania State University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a279 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Carleton, Andrew M.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2025.
■520 ▼aRecent climatic research for the heavily agricultural central United States suggests a land surface - land use/land cover (LULC), soil moisture (SM) - role in warm-season convective clouds and precipitation. However, these associations are more well understood for the semi-arid U.S. Great Plains than for the humid lowlands and agriculturally-intensive Midwest Corn Belt (CB). To better determine the role of the land surface in CB deep convection, I determine the associations - and potential interactions - of weather radar-derived convective precipitation initiation (CVPI) with observational (e.g., satellite-derived, flux tower) and combined modeledobserved reanalyzed ("reanalysis") data on LULC, SM, and atmospheric conditions for the 2013- 2023 warm seasons (1 May - 30 September). I emphasize two CB domains, each featuring considerable heterogeneity in LULC yet different in terms of relief: a topographically varied area in south-central Indiana, and a flatter portion of central Illinois. To account for the warm-season phenological progression, I use transpiration data to divide the warm season into three subseasons (early, mid, and late) of varying length. I also stratify the CVPI-land surface association results into two categories based on the threshold of atmospheric instability, or Convectively Available Potential Energy (CAPE): synoptically-primed (SP; high CAPE) and synopticallybenign (SB; low CAPE). The first two research investigations, documented in Chapters 2 and 3 reveal Corn Belt CVPI composite associations with LULC and SM, respectively; I assess the likely physical processes - and inferred mechanisms - underlying these associations on shorter time-space scales using a case-event approach in Chapter 4.In Chapter 2, I determine LULC types, and their associated buffer zones for the two CB domains. Statistically-significant associations of CVPI with crop-urban buffer zones on SB days during the mid-season, and with croplands on SB days during the late-season, imply that LULC compensates for the lack of synoptic forcing in generating deep convection. Moreover, the broad similarity in results between the two domains indicates a more dominant role of LULC versus relief in Corn Belt CVPI. In Chapter 3, I determine Corn Belt CVPI-SM statistical associations -and identify a potential lead-lag, or feedback (i.e., SM a CVPI a SM) - for SM content (low to high) and the associated spatial gradients for the whole 11-year period and the wettest year (2015) and driest year (2023) within the study period. I find more frequent statistically significant associations of CVPI with SM during the early-season, and less for the late-season. In particular, statistically-significant early-season associations of CVPI on SP days with strong SM gradients, and on SB days with weak SM gradients, short SM gradients, and high SM, imply that SM can both increase the likelihood of deep convection on days with weak synoptic forcing or enhance the convective precipitation occurring in the presence of strong synoptic forcing. Moreover, physically - but not necessarily statistically - significant results involving SM attributes appear in other warm-season trimesters, and co-occur with LULC in urban environments. Similar to Chapter 2, an overall greater influence of SM on CVPI versus relief is evident for the CB.Chapter 4 documents the case-event (n = 9) evaluation - using reanalysis data - of the likely physical mechanisms underpinning CVPI, in context of the empirical results obtained in Chapters 2 and 3. My statistical validation of reanalysis heat fluxes using flux-tower data justifies their use in both climate-scale and case-study investigations. The presence of three physical processes: 1) strong upward vertical transport of surface moisture, 2) horizontal convergence of the low-level winds at the CVPI location, overlain by 3) synoptically-driven airflow advecting moisture and/or heat into the CB, are indicated. The CB land surface-CVPI statistical associations and their likely physical mechanisms demonstrated in my three research chapters, can be used to 1) help improve warm-season precipitation forecasting in the central CB (e.g., for agricultural activity), and 2) provide a framework for subsequent numerical modeling experiments of present and near-future land surface-CVP interactions for that region.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0176.
■650 4▼aPrecipitation
■650 4▼aHumidity
■650 4▼aStatistical significance
■650 4▼aSeasons
■650 4▼aLand use planning
■650 4▼aMeteorology
■690 ▼a0536
■690 ▼a0557
■71020▼aThe Pennsylvania State University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0176
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360212▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


