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Unified Analysis of Two-Stage Experiments From the Design-Based Perspective
Unified Analysis of Two-Stage Experiments From the Design-Based Perspective
Unified Analysis of Two-Stage Experiments From the Design-Based Perspective

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103554
ISBN  
9798288863745
DDC  
574
저자명  
Benac, Kevin Kiane Jacques.
서명/저자  
Unified Analysis of Two-Stage Experiments From the Design-Based Perspective
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
87 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Ding, Peng.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약In this thesis, we introduce a comprehensive class of two-stage experiments that not only encapsulates most standard designs but also offers flexibility to accommodate a myriad of others, particularly those with clustered structures. Despite the proliferation of diverse experiments, their effective analysis often remains a challenge.A prevailing approach is to apply the ordinary least squares (OLS) regression of the outcome on the treatment indicators, supplemented by robust standard errors clustered at the appropriate level. However, this approach fails to deliver consistent estimators for treatment effects, especially when the in cluster sizes vary. Another common strategy is to fit a linear mixed-effects model, embedding normal random effects and errors. However, this model-based method makes strong parametric assumptions that may often be violated in practice.Central to our approach is a design-based methodology. By sidestepping modeling assumptions, we accept a trade-off: while unbiased estimators for the variance of our contrasts may be impossible without extra assumptions, we can consistently achieve conservative estimators, even if the sizes of clusters vary. Our inference is directly grounded in the experiment's controlled randomization mechanism.We discuss design-based inference for both the Horvitz-Thompson estimator and the Hajek estimator and show how we can not only recover both of them from linear models, but also get asymptotically conservative standard errors using the associated cluster-robust covariances estimates. We then extend the results to accommodate covariate adjustments. This approach serves as a unifying framework, drawing together various works that have previously proposed methods to derive conservative estimators.Finally, we show how to recover traditional conservative estimators for known designs from our method but also how to derive conservative estimators for other designs for which the existing literature has not provided guidance yet. We also include some examples of non-standard designs that are inspired by real-world data and show that they fit our framework.
일반주제명  
Biostatistics
일반주제명  
Statistics
일반주제명  
Applied mathematics
키워드  
Causal inference
키워드  
Design-based inference
키워드  
Experimental design
키워드  
Linear models
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Biostatistics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798288863745
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32041999
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aBenac,  Kevin  Kiane  Jacques.
■24510▼aUnified  Analysis  of  Two-Stage  Experiments  From  the  Design-Based  Perspective
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a87  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Ding,  Peng.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aIn  this  thesis,  we  introduce  a  comprehensive  class  of  two-stage  experiments  that  not  only  encapsulates  most  standard  designs  but  also  offers  flexibility  to  accommodate  a  myriad  of  others,  particularly  those  with  clustered  structures.  Despite  the  proliferation  of  diverse  experiments,  their  effective  analysis  often  remains  a  challenge.A  prevailing  approach  is  to  apply  the  ordinary  least  squares  (OLS)  regression  of  the  outcome  on  the  treatment  indicators,  supplemented  by  robust  standard  errors  clustered  at  the  appropriate  level.  However,  this  approach  fails  to  deliver  consistent  estimators  for  treatment  effects,  especially  when  the  in  cluster  sizes  vary.  Another  common  strategy  is  to  fit  a  linear  mixed-effects  model,  embedding  normal  random  effects  and  errors.  However,  this  model-based  method  makes  strong  parametric  assumptions  that  may  often  be  violated  in  practice.Central  to  our  approach  is  a  design-based  methodology.  By  sidestepping  modeling  assumptions,  we  accept  a  trade-off:  while  unbiased  estimators  for  the  variance  of  our  contrasts  may  be  impossible  without  extra  assumptions,  we  can  consistently  achieve  conservative  estimators,  even  if  the  sizes  of  clusters  vary.  Our  inference  is  directly  grounded  in  the  experiment's  controlled  randomization  mechanism.We  discuss  design-based  inference  for  both  the  Horvitz-Thompson  estimator  and  the  Hajek  estimator  and  show  how  we  can  not  only  recover  both  of  them  from  linear  models,  but  also  get  asymptotically  conservative  standard  errors  using  the  associated  cluster-robust  covariances  estimates.  We  then  extend  the  results  to  accommodate  covariate  adjustments.  This  approach  serves  as  a  unifying  framework,  drawing  together  various  works  that  have  previously  proposed  methods  to  derive  conservative  estimators.Finally,  we  show  how  to  recover  traditional  conservative  estimators  for  known  designs  from  our  method  but  also  how  to  derive  conservative  estimators  for  other  designs  for  which  the  existing  literature  has  not  provided  guidance  yet.  We  also  include  some  examples  of  non-standard  designs  that  are  inspired  by  real-world  data  and  show  that  they  fit  our  framework.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aBiostatistics
■650  4▼aStatistics
■650  4▼aApplied  mathematics
■653    ▼aCausal  inference
■653    ▼aDesign-based  inference
■653    ▼aExperimental  design
■653    ▼aLinear  models
■690    ▼a0308
■690    ▼a0463
■690    ▼a0364
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bBiostatistics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357746▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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