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Microbial Life at Marine Hydrocarbon Seeps: Phylogenetic Diversity, Biogeochemical Controls, and Implications for Global Climate
Microbial Life at Marine Hydrocarbon Seeps: Phylogenetic Diversity, Biogeochemical Control...
Microbial Life at Marine Hydrocarbon Seeps: Phylogenetic Diversity, Biogeochemical Controls, and Implications for Global Climate

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104744
ISBN  
9798290652474
DDC  
551.3
저자명  
Semler, Amanda Clare.
서명/저자  
Microbial Life at Marine Hydrocarbon Seeps: Phylogenetic Diversity, Biogeochemical Controls, and Implications for Global Climate
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
193 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Dekas, Anne.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Marine hydrocarbon seeps, also known as cold seeps, are widespread features of continental margins and sedimentary basins worldwide and are hotspots of microbial activity on the seafloor. At cold seeps, hydrocarbons are released from underlying sediments in large quantities, and due to the nature of the predominant carbon source (and its high carbon to nitrogen ratio), seeps harbor distinct microbial community members capable of oxidizing hydrocarbons and of fixing nitrogen. Despite many recent investigations surrounding one core seep metabolism -- the anaerobic oxidation of methane -- little is known about the wealth of other metabolic strategies at seeps, nor about the biogeochemical controls on microbial community composition and assembly.In this dissertation, I analyze molecular and geochemical data from 100 samples across six discrete cold seep sites in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. I leverage recent improvements in sequencing technologies to gather millions of DNA and RNA sequences from inside and outside seeps, and I combine the resulting taxonomic information with geochemical data and with measurements of metabolic gene abundances to uncover the controls on microbial community composition and metabolic potential. In Chapter 1, I investigate the process of microbial community assembly in a developing cold seep system on the U.S. Atlantic Margin, which is fed by dissociating methane hydrate. I find that seep communities -- unlike those in nearby background sediments -- are selected deterministically via specific geochemical parameters, rather than by the composition of nearby seeps or by random dispersal. In Chapter 2, I explore two unusual seeps in Monterey Bay, which, despite high concentrations of methane, do not host canonical methane-oxidizers, perhaps due to competition surrounding inputs of other hydrocarbons. In Chapter 3, I explore the distribution and ecology of nitrogen fixers at seeps and find that, despite a wide variety of taxa with the ability to fix nitrogen, most are directly involved in hydrocarbon degradation, and their abundance is driven by nitrogen limitation. Together, these studies showcase the heterogeneity of microbial communities at hydrocarbon seeps and the conspicuous impact of local biogeochemical conditions on metabolic potential. Given the role of seep microorganisms in filtering potent greenhouse gases, elucidating the factors governing their presence or absence is critical for assessing the current and future impact of seeps on global climate.
일반주제명  
Sediments
일반주제명  
Cold
일반주제명  
Phylogenetics
일반주제명  
Hydrocarbons
일반주제명  
Genes
일반주제명  
Methane
일반주제명  
Geochemistry
일반주제명  
Nitrogen
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aSemler,  Amanda  Clare.
■24510▼aMicrobial  Life  at  Marine  Hydrocarbon  Seeps:  Phylogenetic  Diversity,  Biogeochemical  Controls,  and  Implications  for  Global  Climate
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a193  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Dekas,  Anne.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aMarine  hydrocarbon  seeps,  also  known  as  cold  seeps,  are  widespread  features  of  continental  margins  and  sedimentary  basins  worldwide  and  are  hotspots  of  microbial  activity  on  the  seafloor.  At  cold  seeps,  hydrocarbons  are  released  from  underlying  sediments  in  large  quantities,  and  due  to  the  nature  of  the  predominant  carbon  source  (and  its  high  carbon  to  nitrogen  ratio),  seeps  harbor  distinct  microbial  community  members  capable  of  oxidizing  hydrocarbons  and  of  fixing  nitrogen.  Despite  many  recent  investigations  surrounding  one  core  seep  metabolism  --  the  anaerobic  oxidation  of  methane  --  little  is  known  about  the  wealth  of  other  metabolic  strategies  at  seeps,  nor  about  the  biogeochemical  controls  on  microbial  community  composition  and  assembly.In  this  dissertation,  I  analyze  molecular  and  geochemical  data  from  100  samples  across  six  discrete  cold  seep  sites  in  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  Oceans.  I  leverage  recent  improvements  in  sequencing  technologies  to  gather  millions  of  DNA  and  RNA  sequences  from  inside  and  outside  seeps,  and  I  combine  the  resulting  taxonomic  information  with  geochemical  data  and  with  measurements  of  metabolic  gene  abundances  to  uncover  the  controls  on  microbial  community  composition  and  metabolic  potential.  In  Chapter  1,  I  investigate  the  process  of  microbial  community  assembly  in  a  developing  cold  seep  system  on  the  U.S.  Atlantic  Margin,  which  is  fed  by  dissociating  methane  hydrate.  I  find  that  seep  communities  --  unlike  those  in  nearby  background  sediments  --  are  selected  deterministically  via  specific  geochemical  parameters,  rather  than  by  the  composition  of  nearby  seeps  or  by  random  dispersal.  In  Chapter  2,  I  explore  two  unusual  seeps  in  Monterey  Bay,  which,  despite  high  concentrations  of  methane,  do  not  host  canonical  methane-oxidizers,  perhaps  due  to  competition  surrounding  inputs  of  other  hydrocarbons.  In  Chapter  3,  I  explore  the  distribution  and  ecology  of  nitrogen  fixers  at  seeps  and  find  that,  despite  a  wide  variety  of  taxa  with  the  ability  to  fix  nitrogen,  most  are  directly  involved  in  hydrocarbon  degradation,  and  their  abundance  is  driven  by  nitrogen  limitation.  Together,  these  studies  showcase  the  heterogeneity  of  microbial  communities  at  hydrocarbon  seeps  and  the  conspicuous  impact  of  local  biogeochemical  conditions  on  metabolic  potential.  Given  the  role  of  seep  microorganisms  in  filtering  potent  greenhouse  gases,  elucidating  the  factors  governing  their  presence  or  absence  is  critical  for  assessing  the  current  and  future  impact  of  seeps  on  global  climate.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aSediments
■650  4▼aCold
■650  4▼aPhylogenetics
■650  4▼aHydrocarbons
■650  4▼aGenes
■650  4▼aMethane
■650  4▼aGeochemistry
■650  4▼aNitrogen
■690    ▼a0996
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358733▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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