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Mechanisms of Postnatal Mammalian Skin Regeneration
Mechanisms of Postnatal Mammalian Skin Regeneration
Mechanisms of Postnatal Mammalian Skin Regeneration

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104744
ISBN  
9798290650180
DDC  
612
저자명  
Mascharak, Shamik.
서명/저자  
Mechanisms of Postnatal Mammalian Skin Regeneration
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
262 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Chan, Charles;Longaker, Michael.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약Wounds in adult skin inevitably heal by scarring, a fibrotic process wherein inflammation and fibroblast proliferation lead to rapid replacement of lost tissue with extracellular matrix proteins. Scars following trauma, burn, and surgeries can inflict psychosocial trauma or result in growth restriction, contractures, and defects in thermoregulation, cumulatively imposing an enormous biomedical burden for hundreds of millions of patients each year. In contrast, skin regeneration, with complete recovery of normal dermal architecture, appendages (hair follicles, glands), and mechanical strength equal to that of unwounded skin, would represent a vastly superior outcome. However, the conditions necessary for such an outcome in postnatal mammalian wound healing remain elusive. As the primary cells responsible for production and reorganization of scar collagen, fibroblasts are key to the wound healing outcome. This dissertation explores skin regeneration, demonstrated for the first time in postnatal mammalian biology, through the lens of fibroblast mechanobiology (i.e., how mechanical forces in the wound environment alter fibroblast behavior).Fibroblasts exhibit remarkable phenotypic variation by origin and location. Limited understanding of such "fibroblast heterogeneity" remains a major barrier to developing proregenerative interventions for skin wounds. Thus, the first half of the Introduction provides an overview of the current conception and controversies surrounding fibroblast heterogeneity, providing three "lenses" through which it may be understood. The second part of the Introduction provides an overview of current mammalian models to study skin scarring and regeneration, with a particular focus on the central role of mechanical forces.Chapter I explores skin regeneration, demonstrated for the first time in postnatal mammalian wounds following targeted modulation of Engrailed-1(En-1) lineage-negativefibroblasts. It was previously reported that the Engrailed-1 lineage of fibroblasts (En-1lineage-positive fibroblasts, or EPFs) is responsible for the vast majority of scar fibrosis. In contrast, the postnatal behavior of En-1lineage-negativefibroblasts (ENFs) was poorly understood. Using fibroblast engraftment and transgenic animal models, I demonstrated that ENFs activate En-1in response to the mechanical forces within the wound environment. In vitroand in vivomouse models with tunable mechanical environments and bulk RNA sequencing revealed that Hippo signaling mediated by Yes-associated protein (YAP) was required for En-1activation. So, I next compared excisional wounds in mice treated with verteporfin, a chemical inhibitor of YAP signaling, with control wounds (PBS), and found that YAP inhibition yielded ENF-mediated wound regeneration without visible scarring within 30 days of healing. Finally, I replicated these observations in multiple transgenic models of inhibited YAP- and En-1-expressing fibroblasts, confirming that mechanotransduction inhibition supports wound regeneration by En-1lineage-negative fibroblasts.Chapter II concerns the specific mechanisms of skin regeneration following YAP inhibition, as compared to scarring (PBS control). I used single cell RNA-sequencing, timsTOF shotgun proteomics, and a novel AI ultrastructural algorithm (described in detail in Chapter IV) to profile regenerating (verteporfin) and scarring (PBS) wounds at multiple time points of healing (post-operative [POD] days 0, 2, 7, 14, and 30), with the goal of defining a signature for regeneration-associated fibroblasts. Using a cell-hashed approach and cross-platform integration at the per-mouse level, I identified Trps1+ (Wnt pathway regulator involved in hair follicle morphogenesis), En-1lineage-negative fibroblasts as key mediators of wound regeneration.
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Wound healing
일반주제명  
Adipocytes
일반주제명  
Cytokines
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Scars
일반주제명  
Patients
일반주제명  
Homeostasis
일반주제명  
Gene expression
일반주제명  
Medical prognosis
일반주제명  
Fibroblasts
일반주제명  
Connective tissue
일반주제명  
Neural networks
일반주제명  
Genetic engineering
일반주제명  
Liver cirrhosis
일반주제명  
Stem cells
일반주제명  
Toxins
일반주제명  
Postpartum period
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aMascharak,  Shamik.
■24510▼aMechanisms  of  Postnatal  Mammalian  Skin  Regeneration
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a262  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Chan,  Charles;Longaker,  Michael.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aWounds  in  adult  skin  inevitably  heal  by  scarring,  a  fibrotic  process  wherein  inflammation  and  fibroblast  proliferation  lead  to  rapid  replacement  of  lost  tissue  with  extracellular  matrix  proteins.  Scars  following  trauma,  burn,  and  surgeries  can  inflict  psychosocial  trauma  or  result  in  growth  restriction,  contractures,  and  defects  in  thermoregulation,  cumulatively  imposing  an  enormous  biomedical  burden  for  hundreds  of  millions  of  patients  each  year.  In  contrast,  skin  regeneration,  with  complete  recovery  of  normal  dermal  architecture,  appendages  (hair  follicles,  glands),  and  mechanical  strength  equal  to  that  of  unwounded  skin,  would  represent  a  vastly  superior  outcome.  However,  the  conditions  necessary  for  such  an  outcome  in  postnatal  mammalian  wound  healing  remain  elusive.  As  the  primary  cells  responsible  for  production  and  reorganization  of  scar  collagen,  fibroblasts  are  key  to  the  wound  healing  outcome.  This  dissertation  explores  skin  regeneration,  demonstrated  for  the  first  time  in  postnatal  mammalian  biology,  through  the  lens  of  fibroblast  mechanobiology  (i.e.,  how  mechanical  forces  in  the  wound  environment  alter  fibroblast  behavior).Fibroblasts  exhibit  remarkable  phenotypic  variation  by  origin  and  location.  Limited  understanding  of  such  "fibroblast  heterogeneity"  remains  a  major  barrier  to  developing  proregenerative  interventions  for  skin  wounds.  Thus,  the  first  half  of  the  Introduction  provides  an  overview  of  the  current  conception  and  controversies  surrounding  fibroblast  heterogeneity,  providing  three  "lenses"  through  which  it  may  be  understood.  The  second  part  of  the  Introduction  provides  an  overview  of  current  mammalian  models  to  study  skin  scarring  and  regeneration,  with  a  particular  focus  on  the  central  role  of  mechanical  forces.Chapter  I  explores  skin  regeneration,  demonstrated  for  the  first  time  in  postnatal  mammalian  wounds  following  targeted  modulation  of  Engrailed-1(En-1)  lineage-negativefibroblasts.  It  was  previously  reported  that  the  Engrailed-1  lineage  of  fibroblasts  (En-1lineage-positive  fibroblasts,  or  EPFs)  is  responsible  for  the  vast  majority  of  scar  fibrosis.  In  contrast,  the  postnatal  behavior  of  En-1lineage-negativefibroblasts  (ENFs)  was  poorly  understood.  Using  fibroblast  engraftment  and  transgenic  animal  models,  I  demonstrated  that  ENFs  activate  En-1in  response  to  the  mechanical  forces  within  the  wound  environment.  In  vitroand  in  vivomouse  models  with  tunable  mechanical  environments  and  bulk  RNA  sequencing  revealed  that  Hippo  signaling  mediated  by  Yes-associated  protein  (YAP)  was  required  for  En-1activation.  So,  I  next  compared  excisional  wounds  in  mice  treated  with  verteporfin,  a  chemical  inhibitor  of  YAP  signaling,  with  control  wounds  (PBS),  and  found  that  YAP  inhibition  yielded  ENF-mediated  wound  regeneration  without  visible  scarring  within  30  days  of  healing.  Finally,  I  replicated  these  observations  in  multiple  transgenic  models  of  inhibited  YAP-  and  En-1-expressing  fibroblasts,  confirming  that  mechanotransduction  inhibition  supports  wound  regeneration  by  En-1lineage-negative  fibroblasts.Chapter  II  concerns  the  specific  mechanisms  of  skin  regeneration  following  YAP  inhibition,  as  compared  to  scarring  (PBS  control).  I  used  single  cell  RNA-sequencing,  timsTOF  shotgun  proteomics,  and  a  novel  AI  ultrastructural  algorithm  (described  in  detail  in  Chapter  IV)  to  profile  regenerating  (verteporfin)  and  scarring  (PBS)  wounds  at  multiple  time  points  of  healing  (post-operative  [POD]  days  0,  2,  7,  14,  and  30),  with  the  goal  of  defining  a  signature  for  regeneration-associated  fibroblasts.  Using  a  cell-hashed  approach  and  cross-platform  integration  at  the  per-mouse  level,  I  identified  Trps1+  (Wnt  pathway  regulator  involved  in  hair  follicle  morphogenesis),  En-1lineage-negative  fibroblasts  as  key  mediators  of  wound  regeneration.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aWound  healing
■650  4▼aAdipocytes
■650  4▼aCytokines
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aScars
■650  4▼aPatients
■650  4▼aHomeostasis
■650  4▼aGene  expression
■650  4▼aMedical  prognosis
■650  4▼aFibroblasts
■650  4▼aConnective  tissue
■650  4▼aNeural  networks
■650  4▼aGenetic  engineering
■650  4▼aLiver  cirrhosis
■650  4▼aStem  cells
■650  4▼aToxins
■650  4▼aPostpartum  period
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0719
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358735▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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