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Studies of Hydrogels and Concentrated Aqueous Ionic Solutions by Optical Kerr Effect
Studies of Hydrogels and Concentrated Aqueous Ionic Solutions by Optical Kerr Effect
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104745
- ISBN
- 9798290651484
- DDC
- 541.33
- 서명/저자
- Studies of Hydrogels and Concentrated Aqueous Ionic Solutions by Optical Kerr Effect
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
- 형태사항
- 154 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Fayer, Michael.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
- 초록/해제
- 요약A comprehensive understanding of water and its properties is vital for many Earth processes, ranging from the vast scales of climate and geology to the molecular impact on life. It is essential to have a deep knowledge of water to address critical issues such as climate change, energy, and medicine. This research is specifically focused on two main questions: how water impacts polymer structure and how salt affects water properties.Optical heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE) technique was employed to study the dynamics of the aqueous systems. This technique involves using a polarized pump pulse to align molecules with the electric field, creating temporary birefringence. A probe pulse measures birefringence, which has timing adjusted using a mechanical delay stage, allowing for tracking of the dynamics. OHD-OKE measures the time derivative of the polarizability-polarizability correlation function, detecting only molecules with anisotropic polarizability. This technique is applicable to a wide range of condensed phase materials without relying on resonance or molecular probes.The ultrafast dynamics of acrylamide monomers (AAm), polyacrylamide (PAAm), and polyacrylamide hydrogels (PAAm-HG) in water were investigated using OHD-OKE. Previous measurements showed identical water dynamics for AAm, PAAm, and PAAm-HG at the same acrylamide concentration and uniformly slowed with increasing concentration. In contrast, data from OHD-OKE show that AAm's dynamics occur on distinctly different timescales compared to PAAm and PAAm-HG. In this study, the systems' dynamics slowed with increasing concentration. AAm samples exhibited tetra-exponential decays, mostly following Debye-Stokes-Einstein behavior except at the highest concentration. Low PAAm concentrations displayed a single power law decay, while high PAAm concentrations and all PAAm-HG concentrations exhibited two power laws. PAAm and PAAm-HG displayed nearly identical dynamics at high concentrations, indicating similar chain-chain interactions.The dynamics of concentrated lithium chloride and lithium bromide aqueous solutions were also studied at moderate to high concentrations. There were insufficient water molecules to solvate the ions at the highest concentrations. The dynamics were observed using OHD-OKE experiments, which can capture dynamics across various timescales and signal amplitudes. While pure water decayed biexponentially, LiCl/LiBrwater decays were tetra-exponential at all concentrations. The faster two decays originated from water dynamics, while the slower two decays reflected ion-water network dynamics. The fastest decay was the same as pure water at all concentrations. The second-fastest decay matched pure water at lower concentrations but was slower with increasing concentrations. The slower dynamic, the third- and fourth-time constants, arose from ion-water complexes and an extended ion-water network at the highest concentrations. Comparisons with simulations enabled the assignment of dynamics to specific ion-water structures. The concentration-dependent bulk viscosity and ion-water network dynamics were directly correlated, providing an atomistic-level understanding of viscosity.
- 일반주제명
- Aqueous solutions
- 일반주제명
- Receivers & amplifiers
- 일반주제명
- Polymers
- 일반주제명
- Chloride
- 일반주제명
- Electrolytes
- 일반주제명
- Physical chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Viscosity
- 일반주제명
- Hydrogen bonds
- 일반주제명
- Fourier transforms
- 일반주제명
- Lasers
- 일반주제명
- Electric fields
- 일반주제명
- Water
- 일반주제명
- Salt
- 일반주제명
- Lithium
- 일반주제명
- Hydrogels
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798290651484
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32149743
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordxc632jn4938
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a541.33
■1001 ▼aVan Wyck, Stephen Jedidiah.
■24510▼aStudies of Hydrogels and Concentrated Aqueous Ionic Solutions by Optical Kerr Effect
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2023
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2023
■300 ▼a154 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Fayer, Michael.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
■520 ▼aA comprehensive understanding of water and its properties is vital for many Earth processes, ranging from the vast scales of climate and geology to the molecular impact on life. It is essential to have a deep knowledge of water to address critical issues such as climate change, energy, and medicine. This research is specifically focused on two main questions: how water impacts polymer structure and how salt affects water properties.Optical heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE) technique was employed to study the dynamics of the aqueous systems. This technique involves using a polarized pump pulse to align molecules with the electric field, creating temporary birefringence. A probe pulse measures birefringence, which has timing adjusted using a mechanical delay stage, allowing for tracking of the dynamics. OHD-OKE measures the time derivative of the polarizability-polarizability correlation function, detecting only molecules with anisotropic polarizability. This technique is applicable to a wide range of condensed phase materials without relying on resonance or molecular probes.The ultrafast dynamics of acrylamide monomers (AAm), polyacrylamide (PAAm), and polyacrylamide hydrogels (PAAm-HG) in water were investigated using OHD-OKE. Previous measurements showed identical water dynamics for AAm, PAAm, and PAAm-HG at the same acrylamide concentration and uniformly slowed with increasing concentration. In contrast, data from OHD-OKE show that AAm's dynamics occur on distinctly different timescales compared to PAAm and PAAm-HG. In this study, the systems' dynamics slowed with increasing concentration. AAm samples exhibited tetra-exponential decays, mostly following Debye-Stokes-Einstein behavior except at the highest concentration. Low PAAm concentrations displayed a single power law decay, while high PAAm concentrations and all PAAm-HG concentrations exhibited two power laws. PAAm and PAAm-HG displayed nearly identical dynamics at high concentrations, indicating similar chain-chain interactions.The dynamics of concentrated lithium chloride and lithium bromide aqueous solutions were also studied at moderate to high concentrations. There were insufficient water molecules to solvate the ions at the highest concentrations. The dynamics were observed using OHD-OKE experiments, which can capture dynamics across various timescales and signal amplitudes. While pure water decayed biexponentially, LiCl/LiBrwater decays were tetra-exponential at all concentrations. The faster two decays originated from water dynamics, while the slower two decays reflected ion-water network dynamics. The fastest decay was the same as pure water at all concentrations. The second-fastest decay matched pure water at lower concentrations but was slower with increasing concentrations. The slower dynamic, the third- and fourth-time constants, arose from ion-water complexes and an extended ion-water network at the highest concentrations. Comparisons with simulations enabled the assignment of dynamics to specific ion-water structures. The concentration-dependent bulk viscosity and ion-water network dynamics were directly correlated, providing an atomistic-level understanding of viscosity.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aAqueous solutions
■650 4▼aReceivers & amplifiers
■650 4▼aPolymers
■650 4▼aChloride
■650 4▼aElectrolytes
■650 4▼aPhysical chemistry
■650 4▼aViscosity
■650 4▼aHydrogen bonds
■650 4▼aFourier transforms
■650 4▼aLasers
■650 4▼aNuclear magnetic resonance--NMR
■650 4▼aElectric fields
■650 4▼aWater
■650 4▼aSalt
■650 4▼aLithium
■650 4▼aHydrogels
■690 ▼a0494
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2023
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358740▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


