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Essays in Macroeconomics and Public Finance
Essays in Macroeconomics and Public Finance
Essays in Macroeconomics and Public Finance

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103559
ISBN  
9798288862656
DDC  
658
저자명  
Wroblewski, Caleb Klein.
서명/저자  
Essays in Macroeconomics and Public Finance
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
220 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Steinsson, Jon.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation consists of three papers that study how public policy affects the investment and savings choices of firms and individuals.In the first essay, I study how interest rates affect the investment decisions of firms. I estimate the elasticity of investment to interest rates using cross-sectional variation and high-frequency monetary shocks. My estimates imply that a 1 p.p. decrease in interest rates increases capital demand by around 3.5% eight quarters after the shock. This indicates a significant effect of interest rates on investment but is much smaller than prominent estimates of the interest rate elasticity derived from the investment response to tax policy changes. In a quantitative model with heterogeneous firms, I show that the impulse response I estimate provides a powerful tool to discriminate between models with different frictions. The evidence favors models with external financing constraints, while models with large real adjustment costs cannot match evidence from both interest rate and tax policy shocks.In the second essay (co-authored with Ulf Nielsson and Anders Yding), we study how taxes on land affect residential housing markets and aggregate economic outcomes. Land value taxes are often seen as particularly desirable because the fixed supply of land implies no efficiency loss from taxation, with the entire tax burden falling on current landowners. We study the incidence and efficiency of land taxes using a unique quasi-experiment that generated persistent variation in land tax rates across Danish municipalities. In contrast to the predictions of standard, neoclassical models, we estimate a precise zero effect of land taxes on residential home prices. The precision of our estimates allows us to confidently rule out full capitalization of taxes into home prices using leading estimates of housing discount rates. Our results imply that the burden of land taxes is shared with tenants and future purchasers. We also estimate null effects of land taxes on measures of housing development, mobility, and homeownership, though we do find that older homeowners sort away from high tax areas. Our results are consistent with limited efficiency costs of land value taxation but imply that land taxes are more regressive in our setting than predicted by standard models.In the final essay (co-authored with Kristy Kim), we study how the design of pension programs affects labor supply to the firm. Private retirement plans are a crucial part of worker's compensation in the U.S. and have long been thought to influence labor supply. This essay uses a cohort-based regression discontinuity design to examine how a change in the retirement plan at the largest U.S. employer, the Federal Government, impacted the retention of employees over the entire life cycle. We find that workers with less valuable employer pensions but more portable retirement benefits were more likely to separate from the government around 15 and 30 years after beginning federal service. We find smaller, statistically insignificant effects in the first few years of employment. We also find evidence that the effects are driven by highly productive workers, identified through supplemental compensation or early promotions. Our results suggest that employees respond to changes in the value of retirement benefits by leaving employers for better outside options, but that employees may be inattentive or job-locked early in their careers. These findings demonstrate that non-wage compensation impacts labor supply decisions across a worker's lifecycle and the distribution of human capital over time, particularly in labor markets where employers compete through diverse compensation structures.
일반주제명  
Finance
일반주제명  
Public policy
키워드  
Public finance
키워드  
Macroeconomics
키워드  
Interest rate elasticity
키워드  
Investment
키워드  
Land value taxation
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32042363
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■1001  ▼aWroblewski,  Caleb  Klein.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Macroeconomics  and  Public  Finance
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a220  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Steinsson,  Jon.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  consists  of  three  papers  that  study  how  public  policy  affects  the  investment  and  savings  choices  of  firms  and  individuals.In  the  first  essay,  I  study  how  interest  rates  affect  the  investment  decisions  of  firms.  I  estimate  the  elasticity  of  investment  to  interest  rates  using  cross-sectional  variation  and  high-frequency  monetary  shocks.  My  estimates  imply  that  a  1  p.p.  decrease  in  interest  rates  increases  capital  demand  by  around  3.5%  eight  quarters  after  the  shock.  This  indicates  a  significant  effect  of  interest  rates  on  investment  but  is  much  smaller  than  prominent  estimates  of  the  interest  rate  elasticity  derived  from  the  investment  response  to  tax  policy  changes.  In  a  quantitative  model  with  heterogeneous  firms,  I  show  that  the  impulse  response  I  estimate  provides  a  powerful  tool  to  discriminate  between  models  with  different  frictions.  The  evidence  favors  models  with  external  financing  constraints,  while  models  with  large  real  adjustment  costs  cannot  match  evidence  from  both  interest  rate  and  tax  policy  shocks.In  the  second  essay  (co-authored  with  Ulf  Nielsson  and  Anders  Yding),  we  study  how  taxes  on  land  affect  residential  housing  markets  and  aggregate  economic  outcomes.  Land  value  taxes  are  often  seen  as  particularly  desirable  because  the  fixed  supply  of  land  implies  no  efficiency  loss  from  taxation,  with  the  entire  tax  burden  falling  on  current  landowners.  We  study  the  incidence  and  efficiency  of  land  taxes  using  a  unique  quasi-experiment  that  generated  persistent  variation  in  land  tax  rates  across  Danish  municipalities.  In  contrast  to  the  predictions  of  standard,  neoclassical  models,  we  estimate  a  precise  zero  effect  of  land  taxes  on  residential  home  prices.  The  precision  of  our  estimates  allows  us  to  confidently  rule  out  full  capitalization  of  taxes  into  home  prices  using  leading  estimates  of  housing  discount  rates.  Our  results  imply  that  the  burden  of  land  taxes  is  shared  with  tenants  and  future  purchasers.  We  also  estimate  null  effects  of  land  taxes  on  measures  of  housing  development,  mobility,  and  homeownership,  though  we  do  find  that  older  homeowners  sort  away  from  high  tax  areas.  Our  results  are  consistent  with  limited  efficiency  costs  of  land  value  taxation  but  imply  that  land  taxes  are  more  regressive  in  our  setting  than  predicted  by  standard  models.In  the  final  essay  (co-authored  with  Kristy  Kim),  we  study  how  the  design  of  pension  programs  affects  labor  supply  to  the  firm.  Private  retirement  plans  are  a  crucial  part  of  worker's  compensation  in  the  U.S.  and  have  long  been  thought  to  influence  labor  supply.  This  essay  uses  a  cohort-based  regression  discontinuity  design  to  examine  how  a  change  in  the  retirement  plan  at  the  largest  U.S.  employer,  the  Federal  Government,  impacted  the  retention  of  employees  over  the  entire  life  cycle.  We  find  that  workers  with  less  valuable  employer  pensions  but  more  portable  retirement  benefits  were  more  likely  to  separate  from  the  government  around  15  and  30  years  after  beginning  federal  service.  We  find  smaller,  statistically  insignificant  effects  in  the  first  few  years  of  employment.  We  also  find  evidence  that  the  effects  are  driven  by  highly  productive  workers,  identified  through  supplemental  compensation  or  early  promotions.  Our  results  suggest  that  employees  respond  to  changes  in  the  value  of  retirement  benefits  by  leaving  employers  for  better  outside  options,  but  that  employees  may  be  inattentive  or  job-locked  early  in  their  careers.  These  findings  demonstrate  that  non-wage  compensation  impacts  labor  supply  decisions  across  a  worker's  lifecycle  and  the  distribution  of  human  capital  over  time,  particularly  in  labor  markets  where  employers  compete  through  diverse  compensation  structures.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aFinance
■650  4▼aPublic  policy
■653    ▼aPublic  finance
■653    ▼aMacroeconomics
■653    ▼aInterest  rate  elasticity
■653    ▼aInvestment
■653    ▼aLand  value  taxation
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0630
■690    ▼a0272
■690    ▼a0508
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357782▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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