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SpLacZ-MERCS-Coupled CRISPRi Screening Identifies Novel Mitochondria-ER Contact Sites Regulators
SpLacZ-MERCS-Coupled CRISPRi Screening Identifies Novel Mitochondria-ER Contact Sites Regulators
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104748
- ISBN
- 9798290653631
- DDC
- 616
- 저자명
- Yang, Zheng.
- 서명/저자
- SpLacZ-MERCS-Coupled CRISPRi Screening Identifies Novel Mitochondria-ER Contact Sites Regulators
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 189 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Chan, David.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCS) mark critical hotspots for a variety of cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis, lipid homeostasis, mitochondria dynamics, and quality control. Fluorescence-based tools have been the main approach to detect MERCS, with a large portion of studies using split fluorescent proteins, which assemble at sites of contact to yield a fluorescence signal. However, they have limitations, including little to no response to fluctuations in MERCS abundance, low sensitivity, and possible artifacts made due to reporter protein reconstitution. To overcome this, we developed the SpLacZ-MERCS sensor, the first MERCS reporter using split β-galactosidase (LacZ). Compared to using complementary GFP fragments that go to mitochondria and ER, SpLacZ-MERCS gives an integrated readout of MERCS activity for more accurate and quantitative monitoring of these contact sites in single cells over time. Our system has specific organelle targeting but does not induce artificial tethering, which allows it to be a standard tool for studying MERC dynamics in physiological and pathological conditions. Using pharmacological and genetic perturbations known to modulate mitochondria-ER interactions, we validated SpLacZ-MERCS as an effective and reliable sensor of MERCS abundance.Beyond tool development, we sought to uncover the molecular mechanisms regulating MERCS using a genome-wide CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen combined with SpLacZ-MERCS. This unbiased approach led to the identification of RHOA, a small GTPase known for its roles in cytoskeletal dynamics and signal transduction as a novel regulator of MERCS. We found that RHOA directly interacts with the ER-resident protein VAPB and modulates its binding to PTPIP51, a mitochondrial protein involved in forming MERCS junctions. VAPB and PTPIP51 constitute a MERCS tethering complex. RHOA depletion or overexpression of CUL3 (which promotes RHOA degradation) results in reduced MERCS levels, while RHOA overexpression enhances MERCS formation. Notably, we discovered that disease-associated mutations in RHOA, CUL3, and VAPB-implicated in cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration-disrupt MERCS regulation, suggesting a potential link between MERCS dysfunction and disease pathology.Together, our study makes two significant contributions. SpLacZ-MERCS is a new signal-integrating MERCS reporter system that allows dynamic, cumulative tracking of mitochondria-ER interactions. RHOA has been established as a novel regulator of MERCS, providing a framework to understand how contact sites can be manipulated in a dynamic way upon cellular signals. These findings enhance the foundation of our understanding of MERCS regulation while also shedding light on new possible therapeutic targets for diseases associated with altered communication between mitochondria and the ER.
- 일반주제명
- Cancer
- 일반주제명
- Physiology
- 일반주제명
- Disease
- 일반주제명
- Mutation
- 일반주제명
- Mitochondria
- 일반주제명
- Bioenergetics
- 일반주제명
- Lipids
- 일반주제명
- Apoptosis
- 일반주제명
- Signal transduction
- 일반주제명
- Homeostasis
- 일반주제명
- Permeability
- 일반주제명
- Metabolic disorders
- 일반주제명
- Genetic engineering
- 일반주제명
- Medical research
- 일반주제명
- Biosensors
- 일반주제명
- Phosphorylation
- 일반주제명
- Tumors
- 일반주제명
- Proteomics
- 일반주제명
- Parkinson's disease
- 일반주제명
- Cell division
- 기타저자
- California Institute of Technology Biology and Biological Engineering
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202104748
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798290653631
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32151313
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Caltech17191
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a616
■1001 ▼aYang, Zheng.
■24510▼aSpLacZ-MERCS-Coupled CRISPRi Screening Identifies Novel Mitochondria-ER Contact Sites Regulators
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia Institute of Technology▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a189 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Chan, David.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
■520 ▼aMitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCS) mark critical hotspots for a variety of cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis, lipid homeostasis, mitochondria dynamics, and quality control. Fluorescence-based tools have been the main approach to detect MERCS, with a large portion of studies using split fluorescent proteins, which assemble at sites of contact to yield a fluorescence signal. However, they have limitations, including little to no response to fluctuations in MERCS abundance, low sensitivity, and possible artifacts made due to reporter protein reconstitution. To overcome this, we developed the SpLacZ-MERCS sensor, the first MERCS reporter using split β-galactosidase (LacZ). Compared to using complementary GFP fragments that go to mitochondria and ER, SpLacZ-MERCS gives an integrated readout of MERCS activity for more accurate and quantitative monitoring of these contact sites in single cells over time. Our system has specific organelle targeting but does not induce artificial tethering, which allows it to be a standard tool for studying MERC dynamics in physiological and pathological conditions. Using pharmacological and genetic perturbations known to modulate mitochondria-ER interactions, we validated SpLacZ-MERCS as an effective and reliable sensor of MERCS abundance.Beyond tool development, we sought to uncover the molecular mechanisms regulating MERCS using a genome-wide CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screen combined with SpLacZ-MERCS. This unbiased approach led to the identification of RHOA, a small GTPase known for its roles in cytoskeletal dynamics and signal transduction as a novel regulator of MERCS. We found that RHOA directly interacts with the ER-resident protein VAPB and modulates its binding to PTPIP51, a mitochondrial protein involved in forming MERCS junctions. VAPB and PTPIP51 constitute a MERCS tethering complex. RHOA depletion or overexpression of CUL3 (which promotes RHOA degradation) results in reduced MERCS levels, while RHOA overexpression enhances MERCS formation. Notably, we discovered that disease-associated mutations in RHOA, CUL3, and VAPB-implicated in cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration-disrupt MERCS regulation, suggesting a potential link between MERCS dysfunction and disease pathology.Together, our study makes two significant contributions. SpLacZ-MERCS is a new signal-integrating MERCS reporter system that allows dynamic, cumulative tracking of mitochondria-ER interactions. RHOA has been established as a novel regulator of MERCS, providing a framework to understand how contact sites can be manipulated in a dynamic way upon cellular signals. These findings enhance the foundation of our understanding of MERCS regulation while also shedding light on new possible therapeutic targets for diseases associated with altered communication between mitochondria and the ER.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0037.
■650 4▼aCancer
■650 4▼aPhysiology
■650 4▼aDisease
■650 4▼aMutation
■650 4▼aMitochondria
■650 4▼aBioenergetics
■650 4▼aLipids
■650 4▼aApoptosis
■650 4▼aSignal transduction
■650 4▼aHomeostasis
■650 4▼aPermeability
■650 4▼aMetabolic disorders
■650 4▼aGenetic engineering
■650 4▼aMedical research
■650 4▼aBiosensors
■650 4▼aPhosphorylation
■650 4▼aTumors
■650 4▼aProteomics
■650 4▼aParkinson's disease
■650 4▼aCell division
■690 ▼a0719
■71020▼aCalifornia Institute of Technology▼bBiology and Biological Engineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0037
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358764▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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