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Reductive Samarium Catalysis Enabled by a Thermochemical Roadmap
Reductive Samarium Catalysis Enabled by a Thermochemical Roadmap
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104751
- ISBN
- 9798290654065
- DDC
- 546.7
- 저자명
- Boyd, Emily A.
- 서명/저자
- Reductive Samarium Catalysis Enabled by a Thermochemical Roadmap
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 396 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Peters, Jonas.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Samarium diiodide is a versatile single-electron reductant. Its reactivity is modulated by recruitment of a wide range of additives to its large coordination sphere. Binding of strong Lewis bases produces more potent Sm(II) reductants, while polar protic donors promote net proton-coupled electron transfer to a variety of unsaturated substrates including intermediates of molybdenum-catalyzed nitrogen reduction. However, samarium(II) reagents are used (super)stoichiometrically in all but a few select cases because mild, tunable methods for selective reduction of oxidized samarium(III) products back to the active samarium(III) state were unavailable at the outset of the following studies. Chapter 1 frames the challenge of catalytic samarium turnover in the context of nitrogen fixation. Proton-coupled electron transfer and inner-sphere electron transfer are introduced as two potential catalytic roles for samarium(II), and a strategy for proton-coupled reduction of problematic samarium(III)-alkoxide intermediates to achieve turnover is outlined. Chapter 2 describes a well-defined model system used to construct extended quantitative thermochemical cycles mapping proton transfer, electron transfer, and ligand association at samarium. The samarium(II) complex binds a secondary amide to generate a remarkably potent net hydrogen atom donor. In Chapter 2, this driving force is leveraged in iron-catalyzed nitrogen reduction; the strongly reducing, weakly acidic nature of the samarium reagent leads to selective generation of hydrazine over ammonia (99:1). In Chapter 3, the benchmarked samarium(III)-alkoxide protonolysis thermodynamics inform selection of Bronsted acids that can be coupled with a mild reductant (zinc powder or an applied electrochemical potential) to achieve catalytic samarium turnover in reductive coupling of ketones and acrylates to form γ-lactones. Photo-driven methods for this samarium-catalyzed transformation are reported in Chapter 5. Finally, in Chapter 6, the hypothesis that samarium(II) might serve as an inner-sphere reductant in nitrogen reduction with transition metal catalysts guides design of conditions for tandem samarium/molybdenum catalysis in electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia with the lowest driving force and highest Faradaic efficiency (82%) reported to date for a nonaqueous system at atmospheric pressure.
- 일반주제명
- Acids
- 일반주제명
- Electrons
- 일반주제명
- Reagents
- 일반주제명
- Carbon
- 일반주제명
- Molybdenum
- 일반주제명
- Solvents
- 일반주제명
- Ammonia
- 일반주제명
- Catalysis
- 일반주제명
- Electrocatalysis
- 일반주제명
- Nitrogen
- 일반주제명
- Physical chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Thermodynamics
- 키워드
- Bronsted acids
- 기타저자
- California Institute of Technology Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202104751
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798290654065
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32151335
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)Caltech17265
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a546.7
■1001 ▼aBoyd, Emily A.
■24510▼aReductive Samarium Catalysis Enabled by a Thermochemical Roadmap
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia Institute of Technology▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a396 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Peters, Jonas.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
■520 ▼aSamarium diiodide is a versatile single-electron reductant. Its reactivity is modulated by recruitment of a wide range of additives to its large coordination sphere. Binding of strong Lewis bases produces more potent Sm(II) reductants, while polar protic donors promote net proton-coupled electron transfer to a variety of unsaturated substrates including intermediates of molybdenum-catalyzed nitrogen reduction. However, samarium(II) reagents are used (super)stoichiometrically in all but a few select cases because mild, tunable methods for selective reduction of oxidized samarium(III) products back to the active samarium(III) state were unavailable at the outset of the following studies. Chapter 1 frames the challenge of catalytic samarium turnover in the context of nitrogen fixation. Proton-coupled electron transfer and inner-sphere electron transfer are introduced as two potential catalytic roles for samarium(II), and a strategy for proton-coupled reduction of problematic samarium(III)-alkoxide intermediates to achieve turnover is outlined. Chapter 2 describes a well-defined model system used to construct extended quantitative thermochemical cycles mapping proton transfer, electron transfer, and ligand association at samarium. The samarium(II) complex binds a secondary amide to generate a remarkably potent net hydrogen atom donor. In Chapter 2, this driving force is leveraged in iron-catalyzed nitrogen reduction; the strongly reducing, weakly acidic nature of the samarium reagent leads to selective generation of hydrazine over ammonia (99:1). In Chapter 3, the benchmarked samarium(III)-alkoxide protonolysis thermodynamics inform selection of Bronsted acids that can be coupled with a mild reductant (zinc powder or an applied electrochemical potential) to achieve catalytic samarium turnover in reductive coupling of ketones and acrylates to form γ-lactones. Photo-driven methods for this samarium-catalyzed transformation are reported in Chapter 5. Finally, in Chapter 6, the hypothesis that samarium(II) might serve as an inner-sphere reductant in nitrogen reduction with transition metal catalysts guides design of conditions for tandem samarium/molybdenum catalysis in electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia with the lowest driving force and highest Faradaic efficiency (82%) reported to date for a nonaqueous system at atmospheric pressure.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0037.
■650 4▼aAcids
■650 4▼aElectrons
■650 4▼aReagents
■650 4▼aCarbon
■650 4▼aMolybdenum
■650 4▼aSolvents
■650 4▼aAmmonia
■650 4▼aCatalysis
■650 4▼aElectrocatalysis
■650 4▼aNitrogen
■650 4▼aPhysical chemistry
■650 4▼aThermodynamics
■653 ▼aSamarium diiodide
■653 ▼aBronsted acids
■690 ▼a0494
■690 ▼a0348
■71020▼aCalifornia Institute of Technology▼bChemistry and Chemical Engineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0037
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358780▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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