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Diversity, Activity, and Adaptations of Phage Communities in Anoxic Hydrocarbon-Rich Marine Sediments
Diversity, Activity, and Adaptations of Phage Communities in Anoxic Hydrocarbon-Rich Marin...
Diversity, Activity, and Adaptations of Phage Communities in Anoxic Hydrocarbon-Rich Marine Sediments

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104751
ISBN  
9798290657035
DDC  
600
저자명  
Narayanan, Aditi Kalpagam.
서명/저자  
Diversity, Activity, and Adaptations of Phage Communities in Anoxic Hydrocarbon-Rich Marine Sediments
발행사항  
[Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
169 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Orphan, Victoria.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The viruses of the global ocean, especially those infecting prokaryotic taxa, are known to play an important role in maintaining the genetic and taxonomic diversity of their host communities and in the cycling of atmospheric carbon and key nutrients like nitrogen and iron. However, the vast majority of these conclusions are drawn from the surface ocean and upper water column, while the sediments, which constitute one of the largest biomes on earth, are understudied in comparison. Of special interest are areas on the ocean floor where methane and other hydrocarbons are produced and released by geological activity and oxidized by a consortium of archaea and bacteria. Using direct genomic sequencing of the viruses from a variety of simplified sediment-free enrichments of hydrocarbon oxidizers, I compare viral communities sampled from different locations and incubated under a range of temperatures to understand the role these parameters might play in shaping distribution and community structure. I then present the most comprehensive picture thus far of viral diversity and distribution from a methane cold seep and discuss whether the viral assemblages are influenced by the steep geochemical gradients that characterize seep sediments. From these datasets, I propose that viral communities in methane-oxidizing sediments are tailored specifically to the physical constraints of the sediment matrix rather than to the dominant members of the cellular community or to other physicochemical parameters such as temperature, sampling location, or depth below the seafloor. I then outline the development of two methods, stable-isotope probing coupled to nanoSIMS and biorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging, to work in heterogenous sediment virus samples rather than the liquid pure cultures on which they had previously relied. Implementation of these methods, which allow us to temporally constrain viral production and virus-influenced nutrient flow, resulted in the hypothesis that viral production likely responds to shifts in the major metabolic processes within an ecosystem and may influence cellular community composition.
일반주제명  
Infections
일반주제명  
Hydrocarbons
일반주제명  
Chemical reactions
일반주제명  
Methane
일반주제명  
Bacteria
일반주제명  
Genomes
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Metabolism
일반주제명  
Ecosystems
일반주제명  
Nitrogen
일반주제명  
Geology
일반주제명  
Ecology
일반주제명  
Oxidation
일반주제명  
Carbon
일반주제명  
Genetic engineering
일반주제명  
Taxonomy
일반주제명  
Viruses
일반주제명  
Nutrients
일반주제명  
Viral infections
일반주제명  
Microorganisms
일반주제명  
Metabolites
일반주제명  
Lifestyles
기타저자  
California Institute of Technology Biology and Biological Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aNarayanan,  Aditi  Kalpagam.
■24510▼aDiversity,  Activity,  and  Adaptations  of  Phage  Communities  in  Anoxic  Hydrocarbon-Rich  Marine  Sediments
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a169  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Orphan,  Victoria.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--California  Institute  of  Technology,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  viruses  of  the  global  ocean,  especially  those  infecting  prokaryotic  taxa,  are  known  to  play  an  important  role  in  maintaining  the  genetic  and  taxonomic  diversity  of  their  host  communities  and  in  the  cycling  of  atmospheric  carbon  and  key  nutrients  like  nitrogen  and  iron.  However,  the  vast  majority  of  these  conclusions  are  drawn  from  the  surface  ocean  and  upper  water  column,  while  the  sediments,  which  constitute  one  of  the  largest  biomes  on  earth,  are  understudied  in  comparison.  Of  special  interest  are  areas  on  the  ocean  floor  where  methane  and  other  hydrocarbons  are  produced  and  released  by  geological  activity  and  oxidized  by  a  consortium  of  archaea  and  bacteria.  Using  direct  genomic  sequencing  of  the  viruses  from  a  variety  of  simplified  sediment-free  enrichments  of  hydrocarbon  oxidizers,  I  compare  viral  communities  sampled  from  different  locations  and  incubated  under  a  range  of  temperatures  to  understand  the  role  these  parameters  might  play  in  shaping  distribution  and  community  structure.  I  then  present  the  most  comprehensive  picture  thus  far  of  viral  diversity  and  distribution  from  a  methane  cold  seep  and  discuss  whether  the  viral  assemblages  are  influenced  by  the  steep  geochemical  gradients  that  characterize  seep  sediments.  From  these  datasets,  I  propose  that  viral  communities  in  methane-oxidizing  sediments  are  tailored  specifically  to  the  physical  constraints  of  the  sediment  matrix  rather  than  to  the  dominant  members  of  the  cellular  community  or  to  other  physicochemical  parameters  such  as  temperature,  sampling  location,  or  depth  below  the  seafloor.  I  then  outline  the  development  of  two  methods,  stable-isotope  probing  coupled  to  nanoSIMS  and  biorthogonal  non-canonical  amino  acid  tagging,  to  work  in  heterogenous  sediment  virus  samples  rather  than  the  liquid  pure  cultures  on  which  they  had  previously  relied.  Implementation  of  these  methods,  which  allow  us  to  temporally  constrain  viral  production  and  virus-influenced  nutrient  flow,  resulted  in  the  hypothesis  that  viral  production  likely  responds  to  shifts  in  the  major  metabolic  processes  within  an  ecosystem  and  may  influence  cellular  community  composition.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0037.
■650  4▼aInfections
■650  4▼aHydrocarbons
■650  4▼aChemical  reactions
■650  4▼aMethane
■650  4▼aBacteria
■650  4▼aGenomes
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aMetabolism
■650  4▼aEcosystems
■650  4▼aNitrogen
■650  4▼aGeology
■650  4▼aEcology
■650  4▼aOxidation
■650  4▼aCarbon
■650  4▼aGenetic  engineering
■650  4▼aTaxonomy
■650  4▼aViruses
■650  4▼aNutrients
■650  4▼aViral  infections
■650  4▼aMicroorganisms
■650  4▼aMetabolites
■650  4▼aLifestyles
■690    ▼a0372
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0329
■71020▼aCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼bBiology  and  Biological  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0037
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358782▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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