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From Pure Cultures to Particles: Tracing Microbial Metabolism Through Amino Acid 2H/1H Ratios
From Pure Cultures to Particles: Tracing Microbial Metabolism Through Amino Acid 2H/1H Rat...
From Pure Cultures to Particles: Tracing Microbial Metabolism Through Amino Acid 2H/1H Ratios

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104752
ISBN  
9798290651637
DDC  
578.77
저자명  
Silverman, Shaelyn Nicole.
서명/저자  
From Pure Cultures to Particles: Tracing Microbial Metabolism Through Amino Acid 2H/1H Ratios
발행사항  
[Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
361 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Sessions, Alex;Orphan, Victoria.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Microbial metabolisms exert profound impact on our planet's atmosphere and surface geochemistry. Most available tools to study microbial metabolism in the environment provide only snapshots of activity at the time of sampling. However, holistic understanding of microbial function requires the ability to quantitatively reconstruct their activities prior to sampling, for which tools are currently limited. The overarching research presented in this thesis addresses this challenge through development of a new isotopic tool, amino acid hydrogen isotope (δ 2HAA) analysis, into a useful tracer of microbial metabolism in the environment. We begin by solving a major analytical challenge: correcting for contributions of exchangeable amine-bound hydrogen in derivatized amino acids, which unlocks the ability to accurately measure δ 2HAA values in organisms via gas chromatography-pyrolysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. We demonstrate in aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton that δ 2HAA values are controlled by metabolism (specifically, carbon flow in cells), and we apply this isotopic tool to natural samples of marine particulate organic matter (POM), demonstrating substantial potential turnover of photoautotrophic proteins into heterotrophic proteins (up to 57 ± 18%) in POM with depth at different ocean sites. We further explore the microscale dynamics of marine bacteria on diatom aggregates to contextualize our understanding of controls on marine POM degradation. In particular, we find that both intraand interspecies interactions profoundly shape microbial colonization dynamics, which in turn likely affect bulk particle degradation rates. Together, this body of work demonstrates the profound utility of δ 2HAA analysis as a tracer of microbial metabolism-a timely development given the need to trace and quantify the metabolic responses of microbial communities to ongoing environmental perturbations.
일반주제명  
Plankton
일반주제명  
Mass spectrometry
일반주제명  
Nuclear magnetic resonance--NMR
일반주제명  
Biosynthesis
일반주제명  
Observatories
일반주제명  
Carbon
일반주제명  
Bacteria
일반주제명  
Isotopes
일반주제명  
Water
일반주제명  
Hydrogen
일반주제명  
Glucose
일반주제명  
Amino acids
일반주제명  
Scientific imaging
일반주제명  
E coli
일반주제명  
Metabolism
일반주제명  
Chromatography
일반주제명  
Metabolites
일반주제명  
Salinity
일반주제명  
Biogeochemistry
일반주제명  
Geochemistry
키워드  
Microbial metabolisms
키워드  
Particulate organic matter
기타저자  
California Institute of Technology Geological and Planetary Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798290651637
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32151352
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)Caltech17294
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a578.77
■1001  ▼aSilverman,  Shaelyn  Nicole.
■24510▼aFrom  Pure  Cultures  to  Particles:  Tracing  Microbial  Metabolism  Through  Amino  Acid  2H/1H  Ratios
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a361  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Sessions,  Alex;Orphan,  Victoria.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--California  Institute  of  Technology,  2025.
■520    ▼aMicrobial  metabolisms  exert  profound  impact  on  our  planet's  atmosphere  and  surface  geochemistry.  Most  available  tools  to  study  microbial  metabolism  in  the  environment  provide  only  snapshots  of  activity  at  the  time  of  sampling.  However,  holistic  understanding  of  microbial  function  requires  the  ability  to  quantitatively  reconstruct  their  activities  prior  to  sampling,  for  which  tools  are  currently  limited.  The  overarching  research  presented  in  this  thesis  addresses  this  challenge  through  development  of  a  new  isotopic  tool,  amino  acid  hydrogen  isotope  (δ  2HAA)  analysis,  into  a  useful  tracer  of  microbial  metabolism  in  the  environment.  We  begin  by  solving  a  major  analytical  challenge:  correcting  for  contributions  of  exchangeable  amine-bound  hydrogen  in  derivatized  amino  acids,  which  unlocks  the  ability  to  accurately  measure  δ  2HAA  values  in  organisms  via  gas  chromatography-pyrolysis-isotope  ratio  mass  spectrometry.  We  demonstrate  in  aerobic  heterotrophic  bacteria  and  phytoplankton  that  δ  2HAA  values  are  controlled  by  metabolism  (specifically,  carbon  flow  in  cells),  and  we  apply  this  isotopic  tool  to  natural  samples  of  marine  particulate  organic  matter  (POM),  demonstrating  substantial  potential  turnover  of  photoautotrophic  proteins  into  heterotrophic  proteins  (up  to  57  ±  18%)  in  POM  with  depth  at  different  ocean  sites.  We  further  explore  the  microscale  dynamics  of  marine  bacteria  on  diatom  aggregates  to  contextualize  our  understanding  of  controls  on  marine  POM  degradation.  In  particular,  we  find  that  both  intraand  interspecies  interactions  profoundly  shape  microbial  colonization  dynamics,  which  in  turn  likely  affect  bulk  particle  degradation  rates.  Together,  this  body  of  work  demonstrates  the  profound  utility  of  δ  2HAA  analysis  as  a  tracer  of  microbial  metabolism-a  timely  development  given  the  need  to  trace  and  quantify  the  metabolic  responses  of  microbial  communities  to  ongoing  environmental  perturbations.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0037.
■650  4▼aPlankton
■650  4▼aMass  spectrometry
■650  4▼aNuclear  magnetic  resonance--NMR
■650  4▼aBiosynthesis
■650  4▼aObservatories
■650  4▼aCarbon
■650  4▼aBacteria
■650  4▼aIsotopes
■650  4▼aWater
■650  4▼aHydrogen
■650  4▼aGlucose
■650  4▼aAmino  acids
■650  4▼aScientific  imaging
■650  4▼aE  coli
■650  4▼aMetabolism
■650  4▼aChromatography
■650  4▼aMetabolites
■650  4▼aSalinity
■650  4▼aBiogeochemistry
■650  4▼aGeochemistry
■653    ▼aMicrobial  metabolisms
■653    ▼aParticulate  organic  matter
■690    ▼a0996
■690    ▼a0425
■71020▼aCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼bGeological  and  Planetary  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0037
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358791▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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