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Analyzing Energy System Decarbonization Strategy: Linear Optimization and Techno-Economic Modeling
Analyzing Energy System Decarbonization Strategy: Linear Optimization and Techno-Economic ...
Analyzing Energy System Decarbonization Strategy: Linear Optimization and Techno-Economic Modeling

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103603
ISBN  
9798288862564
DDC  
621
저자명  
Griffin-Carney, Jesse.
서명/저자  
Analyzing Energy System Decarbonization Strategy: Linear Optimization and Techno-Economic Modeling
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
59 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Carvallo, Juan Pablo;Callaway, Duncan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Energy system decarbonization is critical for avoiding the social and environmental consequences of climate change, but accomplishing this involves significant challenges. It requires balancing variable solar and wind, fuel switching difficult-to-electrify heat and transport, and drastically altering industrial sectors. Energy system modeling is necessary to analyze the technical and economic effectiveness of possible technology and policy options and thereby determine an optimal decarbonization strategy. Though the theoretical insight created through energy system modeling is just an initial step, by motivating policy and targeting technology, it is an important step on the pathway to practical implementation of decarbonization strategy. The following dissertation analyzes two decarbonization strategies using two energy system models. The first chapter gives an overview of the modeling and analysis of energy system decarbonization strategy. The second chapter investigates the utilization of hydrogen as an integrated energy carrier for electricity balancing and fuel switching by relying on a linear optimization model of an integrated electric and fuel system, described in the third chapter. The fourth chapter investigates the application of technological breakthroughs from oil and gas to geothermal systems for economically competitive industrial steam by relying on a techno-economic model of an industrial geothermal steam system, described in the fifth chapter. Regarding the second and third chapters: By utilizing hydrogen as an integrated energy carrier - that is, a fuel which connects primary energy sources and final energy uses, completely analogous to and interconnected with electricity - it may serve a critical role for energy system decarbonization. This requires inefficient hydrogen electrolysis, but it also allows flexibility for balancing variable solar and wind and for fuel switching difficult-to-electrify heat and transport. This study investigates that concept by creating and analyzing a linear optimization model which matches energy supply and demand across an integrated electric and fuel system. A key point is the trade-off between inefficient hydrogen conversion and flexible hydrogen production and consumption, which has multiple consequences: 1) Utilizing hydrogen reduces system cost slightly but raises the penetration of solar and wind and reduces the electrification of heat and transport considerably. 2) Integrating electricity balancing and fuel switching capabilities raises hydrogen conversion and reduces system cost. 3) Including specialized sectors raises hydrogen production but reduces hydrogen consumption for heat and transport. Another key point is that utilizing hydrogen impacts system cost and energy flows regardless of an emission limit, due to assumptions regarding the cost and efficiency of electrolysis. An emission limit multiplies this impact though, and this impact is robust to variations in the electrolysis assumptions. If the Department of Energy Hydrogen Shot target of $1/kg of hydrogen is achieved, then this study makes a compelling case that utilizing hydrogen as an integrated energy carrier can in fact serve a critical role for energy system decarbonization.Regarding the fourth and fifth chapters: The Department of Energy Enhanced Geothermal Shot aims to achieve a geothermal electricity price of $45/MWh by 2035. Despite the focus on geothermal electricity, an advantage of geothermal steam is that it avoids the nearly 70% efficiency loss associated with spinning a turbine to power a generator. A disadvantage of steam is that, unlike electricity, it is not an easily tradable commodity and must generally be produced and consumed at the same facility. This means that the potential for geothermal steam is conventionally limited by the mismatch between steam demand in the eastern United States and geothermal supply in the western United States. However, advances by the oil and gas industry, in particular hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, may alleviate this mismatch. This study investigates the impact of technological advances on the economic competitiveness of geothermal steam. It does this by creating and analyzing a techno-economic model which calculates the levelized cost of a geothermal steam system for conservative, moderate, and advanced cases. A key point is that technological advances considerably decouple the levelized cost of geothermal steam from resource quality. This means that geothermal can be reasonably accessed anywhere, including where steam is required, and that heat exchanger capacity, rather than well depth, is the predominant factor for determining economic feasibility. Consequently, the levelized cost of geothermal steam is cut in half, from $14/MMBtu in the conservative case to $7/MMBtu in the advanced case, making it nearly competitive with natural gas boilers and particularly competitive with electric heat pumps.
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Environmental science
일반주제명  
Climate change
일반주제명  
Sustainability
키워드  
Energy system
키워드  
Decarbonization
키워드  
Linear optimization
키워드  
Techno-economic model
키워드  
Hydrogen electrolysis
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Energy & Resources
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aGriffin-Carney,  Jesse.
■24510▼aAnalyzing  Energy  System  Decarbonization  Strategy:  Linear  Optimization  and  Techno-Economic  Modeling
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a59  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Carvallo,  Juan  Pablo;Callaway,  Duncan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aEnergy  system  decarbonization  is  critical  for  avoiding  the  social  and  environmental  consequences  of  climate  change,  but  accomplishing  this  involves  significant  challenges.  It  requires  balancing  variable  solar  and  wind,  fuel  switching  difficult-to-electrify  heat  and  transport,  and  drastically  altering  industrial  sectors.  Energy  system  modeling  is  necessary  to  analyze  the  technical  and  economic  effectiveness  of  possible  technology  and  policy  options  and  thereby  determine  an  optimal  decarbonization  strategy.  Though  the  theoretical  insight  created  through  energy  system  modeling  is  just  an  initial  step,  by  motivating  policy  and  targeting  technology,  it  is  an  important  step  on  the  pathway  to  practical  implementation  of  decarbonization  strategy.  The  following  dissertation  analyzes  two  decarbonization  strategies  using  two  energy  system  models.  The  first  chapter  gives  an  overview  of  the  modeling  and  analysis  of  energy  system  decarbonization  strategy.  The  second  chapter  investigates  the  utilization  of  hydrogen  as  an  integrated  energy  carrier  for  electricity  balancing  and  fuel  switching  by  relying  on  a  linear  optimization  model  of  an  integrated  electric  and  fuel  system,  described  in  the  third  chapter.  The  fourth  chapter  investigates  the  application  of  technological  breakthroughs  from  oil  and  gas  to  geothermal  systems  for  economically  competitive  industrial  steam  by  relying  on  a  techno-economic  model  of  an  industrial  geothermal  steam  system,  described  in  the  fifth  chapter.  Regarding  the  second  and  third  chapters:  By  utilizing  hydrogen  as  an  integrated  energy  carrier  -  that  is,  a  fuel  which  connects  primary  energy  sources  and  final  energy  uses,  completely  analogous  to  and  interconnected  with  electricity  -  it  may  serve  a  critical  role  for  energy  system  decarbonization.  This  requires  inefficient  hydrogen  electrolysis,  but  it  also  allows  flexibility  for  balancing  variable  solar  and  wind  and  for  fuel  switching  difficult-to-electrify  heat  and  transport.  This  study  investigates  that  concept  by  creating  and  analyzing  a  linear  optimization  model  which  matches  energy  supply  and  demand  across  an  integrated  electric  and  fuel  system.  A  key  point  is  the  trade-off  between  inefficient  hydrogen  conversion  and  flexible  hydrogen  production  and  consumption,  which  has  multiple  consequences:  1)  Utilizing  hydrogen  reduces  system  cost  slightly  but  raises  the  penetration  of  solar  and  wind  and  reduces  the  electrification  of  heat  and  transport  considerably.  2)  Integrating  electricity  balancing  and  fuel  switching  capabilities  raises  hydrogen  conversion  and  reduces  system  cost.  3)  Including  specialized  sectors  raises  hydrogen  production  but  reduces  hydrogen  consumption  for  heat  and  transport.  Another  key  point  is  that  utilizing  hydrogen  impacts  system  cost  and  energy  flows  regardless  of  an  emission  limit,  due  to  assumptions  regarding  the  cost  and  efficiency  of  electrolysis.  An  emission  limit  multiplies  this  impact  though,  and  this  impact  is  robust  to  variations  in  the  electrolysis  assumptions.  If  the  Department  of  Energy  Hydrogen  Shot  target  of  $1/kg  of  hydrogen  is  achieved,  then  this  study  makes  a  compelling  case  that  utilizing  hydrogen  as  an  integrated  energy  carrier  can  in  fact  serve  a  critical  role  for  energy  system  decarbonization.Regarding  the  fourth  and  fifth  chapters:  The  Department  of  Energy  Enhanced  Geothermal  Shot  aims  to  achieve  a  geothermal  electricity  price  of  $45/MWh  by  2035.  Despite  the  focus  on  geothermal  electricity,  an  advantage  of  geothermal  steam  is  that  it  avoids  the  nearly  70%  efficiency  loss  associated  with  spinning  a  turbine  to  power  a  generator.  A  disadvantage  of  steam  is  that,  unlike  electricity,  it  is  not  an  easily  tradable  commodity  and  must  generally  be  produced  and  consumed  at  the  same  facility.  This  means  that  the  potential  for  geothermal  steam  is  conventionally  limited  by  the  mismatch  between  steam  demand  in  the  eastern  United  States  and  geothermal  supply  in  the  western  United  States.  However,  advances  by  the  oil  and  gas  industry,  in  particular  hydraulic  fracturing  and  horizontal  drilling,  may  alleviate  this  mismatch.  This  study  investigates  the  impact  of  technological  advances  on  the  economic  competitiveness  of  geothermal  steam.  It  does  this  by  creating  and  analyzing  a  techno-economic  model  which  calculates  the  levelized  cost  of  a  geothermal  steam  system  for  conservative,  moderate,  and  advanced  cases.  A  key  point  is  that  technological  advances  considerably  decouple  the  levelized  cost  of  geothermal  steam  from  resource  quality.  This  means  that  geothermal  can  be  reasonably  accessed  anywhere,  including  where  steam  is  required,  and  that  heat  exchanger  capacity,  rather  than  well  depth,  is  the  predominant  factor  for  determining  economic  feasibility.  Consequently,  the  levelized  cost  of  geothermal  steam  is  cut  in  half,  from  $14/MMBtu  in  the  conservative  case  to  $7/MMBtu  in  the  advanced  case,  making  it  nearly  competitive  with  natural  gas  boilers  and  particularly  competitive  with  electric  heat  pumps.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  science
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■650  4▼aSustainability
■653    ▼aEnergy  system
■653    ▼aDecarbonization
■653    ▼aLinear  optimization
■653    ▼aTechno-economic  model
■653    ▼aHydrogen  electrolysis
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0640
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0768
■690    ▼a0501
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bEnergy  &  Resources.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357809▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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